Associations between multiple positive health behaviours and cardiometabolic risk using three alternative measures of physical activity: NHANES 2005–2006

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/apnm-2020-0588 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Stina Oftedal ◽

Elroy J Aguiar ◽

Mitch J. Duncan

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Health Behavior ◽

Health Behaviors ◽

Screen Time ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Single Point ◽

Index Score ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Positive Health

Purpose: The study aimed to investigate the association between clustered cardiometabolic risk (CCMR) and health-behavior indices comprising three different measures of physical activity, screen time, diet and sleep in NHANES 2005-2006. Methods: CCMR was calculated by standardizing and summarizing measures of blood pressure, fasting glucose, triglycerides, insulin, high-density lipoprotein and waist circumference to create a Z-score. Three health behavior indices were constructed with a single point allocated to each of the following lower risk behaviors: muscle strengthening activity, healthy eating score, sleep disorder/disruption, sleep duration, screen time and physical activity (self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity [MVPA] (Index Score-SR), accelerometer-measured MVPA (Index Score-MVPA) or accelerometer-measured steps Index Score-Steps). Linear regression models explored associations between index scores and CCMR. Results: In the sample (n=1537, 52% male, aged 45.5 [SE:0.9] years), reporting 0-5 vs. 6 health behaviors using Index Score-SR and Index Score-MVPA, and 0-4 vs. 6 health behaviors using Index Score-Steps, were associated with a significantly higher CCMR. The beta (β [95%CI]) for zero vs. six behaviors were: Index Score-SR (2.86 [2.02, 3.69], Index Score-MVPA (2.41 [1.49, 3.33] and Index Score-Steps (2.41 [1.68, 3.15]). Conclusion: Irrespective of the measure of physical activity, engaging in fewer positive health behaviors was associated with greater CCMR. Novelty bullets • Physical activity, screen time, diet and sleep may exert synergistic/cumulative effects on clustered cardiometabolic risk. • A greater number of positive health behaviors was associated with a lower clustered cardiometabolic risk factor score. • The reduction in cardiometabolic risk was similar irrespective of which physical activity measure was used.

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Conscientiousness and Cardiometabolic Risk: A Test of the Health Behavior Model of Personality Using Structural Equation Modeling

Annals of Behavioral Medicine ◽

10.1093/abm/kaab027 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mark C Thomas ◽

Katherine A Duggan ◽

Thomas W Kamarck ◽

Aidan G C Wright ◽

Matthew F Muldoon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Substance Use ◽

Health Behavior ◽

Health Behaviors ◽

Latent Variable ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Subjective Sleep Quality

Abstract Background High trait conscientiousness is associated with lower cardiometabolic risk, and health behaviors are a putative but relatively untested pathway that may explain this association. Purpose To explore the role of key health behaviors (diet, physical activity, substance use, and sleep) as links between conscientiousness and cardiometabolic risk. Methods In a cross-sectional analysis of 494 healthy, middle-aged working adults (mean age = 42.7 years, 52.6% women, 81.0% White), participants provided self-reports of conscientiousness, physical activity, substance use, diet, and sleep, and wore monitors over a 7-day monitoring period to assess sleep (Actiwatch-16) and physical activity (SenseWear Pro3). Cardiometabolic risk was expressed as a second-order latent variable from a confirmatory factor analysis involving insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, obesity, and blood pressure. Direct, indirect, and specific indirect effect pathways linking conscientiousness to health behaviors and cardiometabolic risk were examined. Unstandardized indirect effects for each health behavior class were computed separately using bootstrapped samples. Results After controlling for demographics (sex, age, race, and education), conscientiousness showed the predicted, inverse association with cardiometabolic risk. Among the examined health behaviors, objectively-assessed sleep midpoint variability (b = −0.003, p = .04), subjective sleep quality (b = −0.003, p = .025), and objectively-assessed physical activity (b = −0.11, p = .04) linked conscientiousness to cardiometabolic risk. Conclusions Physical activity and sleep partially accounted for the relationship between conscientiousness and cardiometabolic risk.

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Objectively Measured Sedentary Behavior, Physical Activity, and Cardiometabolic Risk in Hispanic Youth: Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latino Youth

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jc.2018-00356 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 103 (9) ◽

pp. 3289-3298 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Garrett Strizich ◽

Robert C Kaplan ◽

Daniela Sotres-Alvarez ◽

Keith M Diaz ◽

Amber L Daigre ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Latino Youth ◽

Health Study ◽

Accelerometer Data ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ◽

Wear Time

Abstract Context Time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), but not in sedentary behavior (SB), is related to cardiometabolic risk among non-Hispanic white youth. Objective Examine associations of SB and MVPA with cardiometabolic risk factors among Hispanic/Latino youth. Design Cross-sectional analysis. Setting Four US communities. Participants Hispanic/Latino youth (N = 1,426) ages 8 to 16 years. Measurements Associations of MVPA and SB, measured using 7-day accelerometer data (independent variables), with markers of glucose and lipid metabolism, inflammation, and endothelial function (dependent variables), were assessed in multivariable linear regression models while adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics and accelerometer wear time. Additional models controlled for obesity measures. Results SB comprised a mean (SD) of 75% (13%) of accelerometer wear time; mean (SD) time of MVPA was 35 min/d (22 min/d). Deleterious levels of high-density lipoprotein–cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides, insulin resistance, C-reactive protein, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 were associated with lower levels of MVPA and higher levels of SB (all P < 0.05). Associations of MVPA with log-transformed triglyceride concentrations (β per 15-min/d increment, −0.039; SE, 0.018; P = 0.037) and SB with HDL-C (β per 30-min/d increment, −0.63; SE, 0.26; P = 0.018), but not those with other markers, remained significant after adjusting for MVPA or SB and further adjustment for body mass index and waist circumference. Higher SB tertiles were associated with lower soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products in fully adjusted models (P for trend = 0.037). Conclusions Physiological precursors of diabetes and cardiovascular disease were associated with MVPA and SB among US Hispanic/Latino youth, a group that bears a disproportionate burden of metabolic disorders.

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Campus Recreation Use and Health Behaviors among College Students in Different Academic Disciplines

Recreational Sports Journal ◽

10.1123/rsj.2016-0011 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 87-99 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Patrick C. Gathman ◽

Nicole R. Grabowski ◽

Julia Wallace Carr ◽

Mikel K. Todd

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Health Behaviors ◽

Vegetable Intake ◽

Academic Discipline ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Perceived Health ◽

Health Science ◽

Campus Recreation ◽

Positive Health ◽

Health Related

Physical activity, campus recreation (CR) use, body mass index (BMI), and varied health indices were compared between academic discipline groups and sex. Participants ( n = 219) were classified as AD I (kinesiology and physical education majors), AD II (health science majors and nursing majors), and AD III (representative sample of non-health-related majors) to make between-group comparisons based on the amount of emphasis placed on physical activity and health-related content within different disciplines. Significant differences ( p < .05) were found between the academic discipline groups for International Physical Activity Questionnaire scores, CR minutes, CR days, CR time per day, vigorous physical activity (VPA), and perceived-health score; and between sex for BMI, VPA, sitting, fiber intake, and fruit and vegetable intake. The results indicate a positive relationship between the emphasis placed physical activity and health within an academic discipline and the degree to which students participate in physical activity, positive health behaviors, and perceived health.

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Health Behavior Changes During COVID-19 Pandemic and Subsequent “Stay-at-Home” Orders

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17176268 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (17) ◽

pp. 6268 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Gregory Knell ◽

Michael C. Robertson ◽

Erin E. Dooley ◽

Katie Burford ◽

Karla S. Mendez

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Health Behavior ◽

Health Behaviors ◽

The United States ◽

Parental Status ◽

Behavior Changes ◽

Positive Health ◽

Job Status ◽

Health Behavior Changes ◽

At Home

The COVID-19 pandemic, and resultant “Stay-at-Home” orders, may have impacted adults’ positive health behaviors (sleep, physical activity) and negative health behaviors (alcohol consumption, drug use, and tobacco use). The purpose of this study was to investigate how these health behaviors changed (increased/improved or decreased/worsened) at the early stages of the pandemic, what participant characteristics were associated with health behavior changes, and why these behavioral changes may have occurred. A convenience sample of 1809 adults residing in the United States completed a 15-min self-report questionnaire in April and May 2020. Multinomial logistic regressions and descriptive statistics were used to evaluate how, for whom, and why these health behaviors changed. Participants were primarily female (67.4%), aged 35–49 years (39.8%), college graduates (83.3%), non-tobacco users (74.7%), and had previously used marijuana (48.6%). Overall, participants primarily reported a decrease in physical activity, while sleep and all of the negative health behaviors remained the same. Changes in negative health behaviors were related (p < 0.05) to sex, age, parental status, educational status, job status, BMI, and depression scores. Changes in positive health behaviors were related (p < 0.05) to sex, parental status, job status, and depression scores. Having more time available during the pandemic was the most commonly cited reason for changing health behaviors (negative and positive). Public health efforts should address the potential for long-term health consequences due to behavior change during COVID-19.

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Adolescent Health Behaviors and Difficulty Concentrating, Remembering, and Making Decisions

American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine ◽

10.1177/1559827619860067 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 155982761986006 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ryan D. Burns ◽

Christopher D. Pfledderer ◽

You Fu

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Physical Activity ◽

Health Behavior ◽

Health Behaviors ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Health Problems ◽

Sampling Procedure ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Positive Health ◽

Lower Odds

The purpose of this study was to examine the associations among physical activity, dietary behaviors, and other salient health behaviors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, and sleeping with self-reported adolescent mental health on the 2017 National Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YBRS). A multistage cluster sampling procedure was employed to yield a representative sample of US adolescents. The number of sampled adolescents with usable data was 14 765. Weighted logistic regression models were employed to examine the predictive utility of independent health behaviors associating with reported mental health problems (difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions), and meeting multiple health behavior criteria with reported mental health problems adjusting for age, sex, body mass index percentile, and race/ethnicity. Meeting physical activity guidelines, consuming breakfast every day, not smoking and/or consuming alcohol in the past 30 days, and sleeping at least 8 hours per night independently associated with lower odds of mental health problems ( P < .01). For every one additional positive health behavior met, there were significantly lower odds of reported mental health problems (OR = 0.73, 95%CI 0.68-0.78, P < .001). Meeting salient positive health behavior criteria and meeting multiple positive health behavior criteria associated with lower odds of self-reported difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions on the 2017 National YRBS.

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Can Health-Promoting Schools Contribute to Better Health Behaviors? Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Dietary Habits among Israeli Adolescents

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18031183 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 1183

Author(s):

Hila Beck ◽

Riki Tesler ◽

Sharon Barak ◽

Daniel Sender Moran ◽

Adilson Marques ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Health Behavior ◽

Confidence Interval ◽

Health Behaviors ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Group Differences ◽

Time Behavior ◽

Health Promoting ◽

The Mean

Schools with health-promoting school (HPS) frameworks are actively committed to enhancing healthy lifestyles. This study explored the contribution of school participation in HPS on students’ health behaviors, namely, physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior, and dieting. Data from the 2018/2019 Health Behavior in School-aged Children study on Israeli adolescents aged 11–17 years were used. Schools were selected from a sample of HPSs and non-HPSs. Between-group differences and predictions of health behavior were analyzed. No between-group differences were observed in mean number of days/week with at least 60 min of PA (HPS: 3.84 ± 2.19 days/week, 95% confidence interval of the mean = 3.02–3.34; non-HPS: 3.93 ± 2.17 days/week, 95% confidence interval of the mean = 3.13–3.38). Most children engaged in screen time behavior for >2 h/day (HPS: 60.83%; non-HPS: 63.91%). The odds of being on a diet were higher among more active children (odds ratio [OR] = 1.20), higher socio-economic status (OR = 1.23), and female (OR = 2.29). HPS did not predict any health behavior. These findings suggest that HPSs did not contribute to health behaviors more than non-HPSs. Therefore, health-promoting activities in HPSs need to be improved in order to justify their recognition as members of the HPS network and to fulfill their mission.

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“I am going out!” – lifestyle sports and physical activity in adolescents

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-11066-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

K. Janeckova ◽

Z. Hamrik ◽

M. Matusova ◽

P. Badura

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Sedentary Behaviour ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Great Opportunity ◽

Sport Activities ◽

Lifestyle Activities ◽

Out Of School

Abstract Background Lifestyle sport activities (e.g. parkour or skateboarding) are considered attractive and beneficial for a long-term commitment to physical activity (PA) and might be a great opportunity for adolescents who do not feel comfortable in an organized or competitive atmosphere. The purpose of the study was to assess whether participation in lifestyle activities is associated with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), out-of-school vigorous physical activity (VPA), and sedentary behaviour in adolescents aged 10–15 years, with major demographic variables (sex, age, socioeconomic status) being taken into account. Methods Data from a research project linked to the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey collected in 2017 in the Czech Republic was used. The sample consisted of 679 participants (303 of them girls) and was selected by quota sampling. Chi-square tests were used to assess differences in involvement in lifestyle activities according to sex, grade, and socioeconomic status. Ordinal and linear regression models were used to analyse the associations of participation in lifestyle activities and selected energy balance-related behaviours. Results Participation in lifestyle sport activities was significantly associated with a higher level of physical activity (MVPA and out-of-school VPA) after adjustment for sociodemographic factors, as was participation in organized sport. No significant associations were shown for sedentary behaviour. Conclusions Adolescents participating in lifestyle sport activities report being more physically active and, in case of doing multiple such activities concurrently, also spending less time sitting than their peers not involved in lifestyle sport activities. As such, lifestyle sport activities seem to represent a feasible way of increasing overall PA level in adolescent population.

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Utilizing Participatory Research to Engage Underserved Populations to Improve Health-Related Outcomes in Delaware

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13072353 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 2353

Author(s):

Shannon M. Robson ◽

Samantha M. Rex ◽

Katie Greenawalt ◽

P. Michael Peterson ◽

Elizabeth Orsega-Smith

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Health Behavior ◽

Health Behaviors ◽

Participatory Research ◽

Cooperative Extension ◽

Underserved Populations ◽

Community Outreach ◽

Outreach Program ◽

Health Related ◽

Improve Health

Cooperative Extension is a community outreach program. Despite its large reach, there is a need for the evaluation of changes in health-related outcomes for individuals engaged with Cooperative Extension. A team-based challenge was developed using community-engaged participatory research integrated with Cooperative Extension to encourage healthy eating and physical activity behaviors through Cooperative Extension programming. Thus, the primary purpose of this secondary analysis was to (1) evaluate changes in anthropometric outcomes and (2) evaluate changes in health behavior outcomes. Associations of anthropometric changes and health behavior changes with engagement in the three-month team-based challenge were explored. Anthropometrics were measured using standard procedures, and intake of fruits and vegetables and physical activity were self-reported. Of the 145 participants in the community-engaged participatory research portion of the study, 52.4% (n = 76) had complete anthropometrics before and after the team-based challenge and were included in this study. At 3 months, there was a significant reduction in body mass index (−0.3 kg/m2, p = 0.024) and no significant change in waist circumference (p = 0.781). Fruit and vegetable intake significantly increased (+0.44 servings/day, p = 0.018). Physical activity did not significantly change based on (1) the number of days 30 or more minutes of physical activity was conducted (p = 0.765) and (2) Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire scores (p = 0.612). Changes in anthropometrics and health behaviors were not associated with engagement in the team-based challenge. Using community-engaged participatory research with community outreach programs, such as Cooperative Extension, can improve health-related outcomes in underserved populations. However, despite a participatory approach, changes in anthropometrics and health behaviors were not associated with engagement in the developed team-based challenge.

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Depression and Health Behavior of Adolescents

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.1987.61.1.111 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 61 (1) ◽

pp. 111-113 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Robert J. McDermott ◽

Wesley E. Hawkins ◽

David F. Duncan

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Behavior ◽

Health Behaviors ◽

Canonical Correlation ◽

Age Group ◽

Positive Health ◽

Symptoms Of Depression ◽

Canonical Variates ◽

The Relationship

This study examined the relationship between two sets of variables, symptoms of depression and health behaviors of adolescents. Analysis using canonical correlation produced two significant canonical variates. Results suggest that addressing symptoms of negative mental health in adolescents may be an important step toward facilitating positive health behaviors in this age group.

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