Nuclear distribution and behavior in Thielaviopsis basicola

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (12) ◽  
pp. 2423-2429 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. C. Huang ◽  
Z. A. Patrick
Keyword(s):  
Daughter Nucleus ◽  
Nuclear Division ◽  
Mitotic Division ◽  
Thielaviopsis Basicola ◽  
Cytological Investigation ◽  
A Chain ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Septal Pores ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Mycelial Cell

A cytological investigation of four biotypes of Thielaviopsis basicola isolated from field soil and of three cultural variants revealed that the hyphal cells, conidiophores, endoconidia, and chlamydospores are regularly uninucleate except those cells in which nuclear division or nuclear migration has occurred.The nucleus in the end cell of the conidiophore divides mitotically and successively after cell division to produce a chain of uninucleate endoconidia. During the formation of chlamydospores, a daughter nucleus migrates from the mycelial cell into the chlamydospore primordium. This primordium later forms a one-celled chlamydospore. If the chlamydospore consists of more than one cell, all the nuclei in the cells are derivatives of the nucleus in the primordium.Nuclear migration from one cell to another was observed to take place by means of anastomosis and (or) through septal pores of the mycelia. Anastomosis occurs between mycelia, between endoconidia, and between a mycelium and an endoconidium.The entire process of mitotic division occurs within an intact nuclear envelope. An intranucleate spindle was demonstrated in dividing nuclei in living preparations. Stained preparations revealed that there are four chromosomes in T. basicola.

THE POWER OF LANGUAGE AND THE LANGUAGE OF POWER

2020 ◽  
pp. 96-105
Author(s):  
Lyudmila A. Khalilova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Instruction ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Foreign Language Instruction ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Analytical Skills ◽  
The People ◽  
Innovative Environment ◽  
A Chain ◽  
And Behavior

A language cannot be a simple template of human activity; a language is the history and culture of the people, their long and thorny road to civilization. The informative nature of a discourse will be insignificant if we only take into consideration the visible data of the text. The single viable way to carry out research on the mentality and behavior of the representatives of different cultures is to dig into the implication and the conceptual framework of the discourse. The author’s idea might be interpreted according to the background knowledge of the reader. Such an approach turns the text into a conglomerate of sense messages that reveal the power of the language and its inextricable link to the history, culture and civilization of the nation whose language the students learn. This notional “intervention” is akin to a chain reaction and the language develops into a means of power over a human being. The conceptual approach to a foreign language material helps improve students’ cognitive and analytical skills, turns the educational process into a particular type of an innovative environment, leads to motivation increase in a foreign language instruction.

scholarly journals A Screen for Genes Involved in the Anaphase Proteolytic Pathway Identifies tsm1+, a Novel Schizosaccharomyces pombe Gene Important for Microtubule Integrity

Genetics ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 149 (3) ◽  
pp. 1251-1264
Author(s):  
Ekaterina L Grishchuk ◽  
James L Howe ◽  
J Richard McIntosh
Keyword(s):  
Schizosaccharomyces Pombe ◽  
Nuclear Division ◽  
Mitotic Division ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Permissive Temperature ◽  
Anaphase Promoting Complex ◽  
Chloromethyl Ketone ◽  
Proteolytic Pathway ◽  
Functional Involvement ◽  
Spindle Elongation

Abstract The growth of several mitotic mutants of Schizosaccharomyces pombe, including nuc2-663, is inhibited by the protease inhibitor N-Tosyl-L-Phenylalanine Chloromethyl Ketone (TPCK). Because nuc2+ encodes a presumptive component of the Anaphase Promoting Complex, which is required for the ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis of certain proteins during exit from mitosis, we have used sensitivity to TPCK as a criterion by which to search for novel S. pombe mutants defective in the anaphase-promoting pathway. In a genetic screen for temperature-sensitive mitotic mutants that were also sensitive to TPCK at a permissive temperature, we isolated three tsm (TPCK-sensitive mitotic) strains. Two of these are alleles of cut1+, but tsm1-512 maps to a novel genetic location. The tsm1-512 mutation leads to delayed nuclear division at restrictive temperatures, apparently as a result of an impaired ability to form a metaphase spindle. After shift of early G2 cells to 36°, tsm1-512 arrests transiently in the second mitotic division and then exits mitosis, as judged by spindle elongation and septation. The chromosomes, however, often fail to segregate properly. Genetic interactions between tsm1-512 and components of the anaphase proteolytic pathway suggest a functional involvement of the Tsm1 protein in this pathway.

Coupling of Steroid O-(Carboxymethyl)oxime Derivatives with Amino Alcohols

1996 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimír Pouzar ◽  
Ivan Černý
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Hydroxy Group ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Amino Alcohols ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Alternative Synthesis ◽  
Oxime Derivatives ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Derivatives Of

New approach to the preparation of steroids with connecting bridge, based on an O-carboxymethyloxime (CMO) structure, and with terminal hydroxy group, is presented. 17-CMO derivatives of 3β-acetoxy- and 3β-methoxymethoxyandrost-5-en-17-one were condensed with α,ω-amino alcohols to give derivatives with a chain of seven to nine atoms. After THP-protection, these compounds were converted to 3-keto-4-ene derivatives. An alternative synthesis consisted in transformation of 17-CMO derivatives with bonded amino acids by reduction of the terminal carboxyl. The resulting compounds were designed as building blocks for the preparation of bis-haptens for sandwich immunoassays.

Relation of the metabolism of sulfobromophthalein sodium to its blood clearance in the rat

1959 ◽  
Vol 197 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
John S. Krebs
Keyword(s):  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Blood Clearance ◽  
Chain Sequence ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Derivatives Of

Chromatographic analysis of BSP (sodium phenoltetrabromphthalein disulfonate) excreted into the bile of the rat showed that the BSP had undergone transformation into similarly colored but chemically different compounds. Injection of purified samples of these derived compounds into the rat showed that the compounds were less effectively removed from plasma than BSP but were excreted into bile at almost the same rate as when pure BSP was injected. Chromatographic analysis of bile following injection of the isolated bile-type derivatives of BSP showed that the derivatives were formed, one from the other, in a chain sequence, starting with BSP. Chromatographic analysis of the blood following injection of BSP showed that bile-type derivatives of BSP appeared in the blood and became progressively more predominant with increasing time after injection of the BSP.

Two polymorphs and the diethylammonium salt of the barbiturate eldoral

2012 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. o65-o70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Gelbrich ◽  
Denise Rossi ◽  
Ulrich J. Griesser
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Barbituric Acid ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Chain Structure ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor ◽  
Layer Structures ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Hydrogen Bonded

Polymorph (Ia) of eldoral [5-ethyl-5-(piperidin-1-yl)barbituric acid or 5-ethyl-5-(piperidin-1-yl)-1,3-diazinane-2,4,6-trione], C11H17N3O3, displays a hydrogen-bonded layer structure parallel to (100). The piperidine N atom and the barbiturate carbonyl group in the 2-position are utilized in N—H...N and N—H...O=C hydrogen bonds, respectively. The structure of polymorph (Ib) contains pseudosymmetry elements. The two independent molecules of (Ib) are connectedviaN—H...O=C(4/6-position) and N—H...N(piperidine) hydrogen bonds to give a chain structure in the [100] direction. The hydrogen-bonded layers, parallel to (010), formed in the salt diethylammonium 5-ethyl-5-(piperidin-1-yl)barbiturate [or diethylammonium 5-ethyl-2,4,6-trioxo-5-(piperidin-1-yl)-1,3-diazinan-1-ide], C4H12N+·C11H16N3O3−, (II), closely resemble the corresponding hydrogen-bonded structure in polymorph (Ia). Like many other 5,5-disubstituted derivatives of barbituric acid, polymorphs (Ia) and (Ib) contain theR22(8) N—H...O=C hydrogen-bond motif. However, the overall hydrogen-bonded chain and layer structures of (Ia) and (Ib) are unique because of the involvement of the hydrogen-bond acceptor function in the piperidine group.

Ultrastructure and cleavage of chlamydospore chains of Thielaviopsis basicola

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
pp. 2305-2308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christos Christias ◽  
Kenneth F. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Germ Tube ◽  
Outer Region ◽  
Thielaviopsis Basicola ◽  
Thin Electron ◽  
Ultra Thin Section ◽  
Inner Region ◽  
Septal Pores

Electron microscopy revealed that numerous spherical or ellipsoidal globules of reserve nutrient material fill the chlamydospore cells, with cytoplasm as a thin film between these globules. The basal cell of the chain is not a chlamydospore; it is filled with cytoplasm and does not contain these globules. Its plasma membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, lomasomes, and endoplasmic reticulum are evident in ultra-thin section. The walls of chlamydospore cells are thick and without distinct layers, except for an electron-dense outer region and a more electron-transparent inner region. Chlamydospore cells in the chain are separated by a very thin electron-transparent binding layer. A thin two-layered envelope surrounds the entire chain. When chlamydospore chains are treated with chitinase, this envelope remains attached around single separated cells, rather than dissolving away. Cytoplasm of cells in the chain is continuous through septal pores. The end walls of the cells become the opercula after the cells are freed from the chain. The germ tube always emerges at the side where the operculum opens, never through the septal pore.

ROSELLINIA LIMONIISPORA: NUCLEAR CHANGES IN THE DEVELOPING ASCUS

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Hayman
Keyword(s):  
Daughter Nucleus ◽  
Nuclear Division ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
Late Pachytene ◽  
Homologous Chromosomes ◽  
Nuclear Cycle ◽  
Fusion Nucleus ◽  
Nuclear Changes ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Rapid Elongation

The nuclear cycle in the developing ascus of Rosellinia limoniispora, as revealed in aceto-orcein and acetocarmine smears, follows the general pattern for the higher Ascomycetes: crozier formation, early synapsis of homologous chromosomes in the fusion nucleus followed by nucleolar fusion, rapid elongation of chromosomes and ascus up to late pachytene of prophase I followed by contraction of the chromosomes and nucleolus, and the formation of eight nuclei as a result of two meiotic and one mitotic divisions. The orientation of nuclei in divisions II and III is haphazard. Ascospore delimitation is by simple cleavage of the cytoplasm; no centriole – astral ray mechanism was observed. A nuclear division occurs in each young ascospore, one daughter nucleus being cut off into a cell and degenerating.

The Use of Active Centre Acylation to Control the Pharmacokinetic Profile of a Recombinant Chimaeric Plasminogen Activator

1993 ◽  
Vol 70 (06) ◽  
pp. 0984-0988 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Wilson ◽  
D W Cronk ◽  
I Dodd ◽  
A F Esmail ◽  
S B Kalindjian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Profile ◽  
Plasminogen Activators ◽  
Active Species ◽  
Bolus Administration ◽  
Clearance Rates ◽  
Active Centre ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Derivatives Of

SummaryRecombinant hybrid plasminogen activators consisting of the “A” chain of plasminogen linked to the “B” chain of t-PA that are inhibited rapidly by plasma protease inhibitors have recently been described (Robinson et al. Circulation 1992; 86: 548-552). We have now shown that following bolus administration of native hybrid to guinea pigs, fibrinolytic activity was cleared rapidly from the circulation. Active centre acylation appeared to protect the hybrid from inhibition and allowed material to circulate as potentially active species for prolonged periods. Clearance rates of a range of acyl derivatives of the hybrid were 7-35-fold slower than for native hybrid and 20-100-fold slower than for t-PA. Clearance rates were influenced markedly by deacylation rate, such that clearance half-life correlated well with deacylation halflife. We have thus shown that it is feasible to control the pharmacokinetic profile of a recombinant hybrid plasminogen activator over a wide range by selection of an appropriate acyl group for attachment to the active site. Such control is not possible with plasminogen activators that are cleared predominantly by mechanisms other than inhibition.

Ultrastructure of Nucleomorph Division in Species of Cryptophyceae and its Evolutionary Implications

1982 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 311-328
Author(s):  
SUSAN MORRALL ◽  
A. D. GREENWOOD
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Ultrastructural Study ◽  
Nuclear Division ◽  
Mitotic Division ◽  
Red Algal ◽  
Division Process ◽  
Algal Endosymbiont

An ultrastructural study of nucleomorphs in species of Cryptophyceae revealed aspects of division not previously reported, including the formation of a structured fibrous system, which accompanies the ordered alignment, duplication and separation into two groups of the densely staining particles typically characteristic of each nucleomorph. Despite reports indicating the presence of nucleic acids in the nucleomorph, the division process appears to be unlike any known form of nuclear division. However, the possibility exists that the nucleomorph represents the nucleus of a primitive ancestral red algal endosymbiont displaying a form so antique that its nuclear division bears no resemblance to any other known form of mitotic division.

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