Protein bodies in umbelliferous seeds. I. Structure

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 1381-1391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest Spitzer ◽  
John N. A. Lott
Keyword(s):  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Protein Bodies ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
Anethum Graveolens ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
The Family ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Structural Aspects

The structure of the protein bodies from seeds of the family Umbelliferae has not been studied extensively since late in the 19th century. Using light and electron microscopy structural aspects of the protein bodies of carrot (Daucus carota L. cv. Imperator 408), wild carrot (Daucus carota L.), caraway (Carum carvi L.), anise (Pimpinella anisum L.), dill (Anethum graveolens L.), celery (Apium graveolens L. cv. Tall Utah), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill), parsnip (Pastinaca sativa L. cv. Hollow Crown), parsley (Petroselinum sativum L. cv.Moss Curled), and chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium L. cv. Curled) were studied. Both endosperm and embryo protein bodies were investigated. Structurally, the protein bodies from all these genera were similar in that two types of protein bodies were found. One type consisted of a homogeneous, proteinaceous matrix and a number of variously sized, globoid crystal inclusions. The other type consisted of a homogeneous, proteinaceous matrix and either an individual or, more commonly, an aggregate of calcium-rich crystals arranged in a cluster usually termed a druse. Both types of protein bodies were never found in the same cell. Only globoid crystals were found in the embryo protein bodies. Protein bodies in the embryos were smaller, more numerous per cell, and often contained a flocculent, proteinaceous matrix.

Protein bodies in umbelliferous seeds. III. Characterization of calcium-rich crystals

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 1399-1403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest Spitzer ◽  
John N. A. Lott
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Protein Bodies ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Anethum Graveolens ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Daucus Carota L

The chemical composition of the calcium-rich crystal inclusions present in the seed protein bodies of carrot (Daucus carota L. cv. Imperator 408), wild carrot (Daucus carota L.), caraway (Carum carvi L.), anise (Pimpinella anisum L.), dill (Anethum graveolens L.), celery (Apium graveolens L. cv. Tall Utah), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.), parsnip (Pastinaca sativa L. cv. Hollow Crown), parsley (Petroselinum sativum L. cv. Moss Curled), and chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium L. cv. Curled) was determined. Using a variety of methods including X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, microincineration, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, solubility studies, and staining, the chemical composition of the calcium-rich crystal inclusions was identified as calcium oxalate.

Protein bodies in umbelliferous seeds. II. Elemental composition

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 1392-1398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest Spitzer ◽  
John N. A. Lott
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Protein Bodies ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
Pastinaca Sativa ◽  
Anethum Graveolens ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
Wild Carrot

The elemental composition of the protein bodies from several members of the Umbelliferae including carrot (Daucus carota L. cv. Imperator 408), wild carrot (Daucus carota L.), caraway (Carum carvi L.), anise (Pimpinella anisum L.), dill (Anethum graveolens L.), celery (Apium graveolens L. cv. Tall Utah), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.), parsnip (Pastinaca sativa L. cv. Hollow Crown), parsley (Petroselinum sativum L. cv. Moss Curled), and chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium L. cv. Curled) was determined using energy dispersive X-ray analysis. Globoid crystals in the endosperm usually contained P, K, and Mg or infrequently P, K, Mg, and Ca. In the embryos of carrot and caraway, P was always present with a combination of K, Mg, or Ca. Calcium was the only element detectable in the calcium-rich crystals. The proteinaceous matrix always contained S and K regardless of the inclusion present in the protein body.Quantitative determinations of P, Mg, K, and Ca are presented for all members studied except wild carrot, chervil, celery, and fennel. In all species analysed in this manner K or Ca were present in the highest amounts followed by P and Mg. Calcium-localization studies showed that most of the Ca is located in the endosperm and pericarp portions of the mericarp.

Calcium mobilization into developing seedlings of umbelliferous plants

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 1404-1408 ◽  
Author(s):  
John N. A. Lott ◽  
Ernest Spitzer ◽  
Catherine M. Vollmer
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Calcium Mobilization ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Anethum Graveolens ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
Oxalate Crystals

Calcium mobilization into developing seedlings of several umbelliferous plants including carrot (Daucus carota L. cv. Imperator 408), wild carrot (Daucus carota L.), caraway (Carum carvi L.), anise (Pimpinella anisum L.), dill (Anethum graveolens L.), celery (Apium graveolens L. cv. Tall Utah), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.), parsnip (Pastinaca sativa L. cv. Hollow Crown), parsley (Petroselinum sativum L. cv. Moss Curled), and chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium L. cv. Curled) was investigated with emphasis on carrot and celery. Calcium determinations using atomic absorption spectrometry of carrot and celery embryos obtained from dry mericarps and carrot and celery seedlings collected when the pericarp plus testa plus endosperm remains fell off the seedlings, revealed that some calcium uptake occurred in carrot and possibly celery. It is possible that some of the calcium obtained by the seedlings came from the calcium oxalate crystals but the calcium could also have originated from other calcium sources within the endosperm. Polarized light studies of endosperm remains from carrot, celery, and the other members of the family Umbelliferae investigated, revealed that large numbers of calcium oxalate crystals were present in the endosperm remains after separation from the seedlings. The results of these studies indicate that calcium oxalate crystals are not used extensively as a calcium source during germination and early seedling growth.

Evaluation of antimicrobial potential of some spices from apiaceae sold in herbal shops

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alev ONDER ◽  
Suna Sibel GURPINAR, Mujde ERYILMAZ ◽  
Bayram Kagan AKAY, Ahsen Sevde CINAR
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Coriandrum Sativum ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Anethum Graveolens ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Pimpinella Anisum ◽  
Hexane Extracts

Spices are a part of the plants used for many purposes as preservatives and as colorants in foods or as medicinal intention. Main aim of the present research was to estimate the potential antimicrobial activity of some spices from Apiaceae family such as Amni visnaga (Diş otu, Hıltan), Anethum graveolens (Dereotu), Apium graveolens (Kereviz), Coriandrum sativum (Kişniş), Cuminum cyminum (Kimyon), Daucus carota (Havuç), Foeniculum vulgare (Rezene), Petroselinum sativum (Maydanoz), Pimpinella anisum (Anason). Thus, the fruits of the plants are used in the experiments. The fruits have been extracted by n-hexane, and all extracts have been subjected to TLC (Thin Layer Chromatography). The n-hexane extracts were screened for their potential in vitro antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 by microbroth dilution method. The hexane extracts of the fruits of Coriandrum sativum, Anethum graveolens, Daucus carota, and Pimpinella anisum did not show antimicrobial activity against tested microorganisms. Except these, the other extracts having MIC values of 2.5-5-10 mg/mL exhibited antimicrobial effect against some tested microorganisms. These results demonstrate that the extracts which have an antimicrobial effect can probably play a role as an antimicrobial agent owing to their nonpolar components which are accumulated to the n-hexane extracts.

scholarly journals Evaluation of antimicrobial potential of some spices from apiaceae sold in herbal shops

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Alev ONDER ◽  
Suna Sibel GURPINAR, Mujde ERYILMAZ ◽  
Bayram Kagan AKAY, Ahsen Sevde CINAR
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Coriandrum Sativum ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Anethum Graveolens ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Pimpinella Anisum ◽  
Hexane Extracts

Spices are a part of the plants used for many purposes as preservatives and as colorants in foods or as medicinal intention. Main aim of the present research was to estimate the potential antimicrobial activity of some spices from Apiaceae family such as Amni visnaga (Diş otu, Hıltan), Anethum graveolens (Dereotu), Apium graveolens (Kereviz), Coriandrum sativum (Kişniş), Cuminum cyminum (Kimyon), Daucus carota (Havuç), Foeniculum vulgare (Rezene), Petroselinum sativum (Maydanoz), Pimpinella anisum (Anason). Thus, the fruits of the plants are used in the experiments. The fruits have been extracted by n-hexane, and all extracts have been subjected to TLC (Thin Layer Chromatography). The n-hexane extracts were screened for their potential in vitro antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 by microbroth dilution method. The hexane extracts of the fruits of Coriandrum sativum, Anethum graveolens, Daucus carota, and Pimpinella anisum did not show antimicrobial activity against tested microorganisms. Except these, the other extracts having MIC values of 2.5-5-10 mg/mL exhibited antimicrobial effect against some tested microorganisms. These results demonstrate that the extracts which have an antimicrobial effect can probably play a role as an antimicrobial agent owing to their nonpolar components which are accumulated to the n-hexane extracts.

scholarly journals First Report of Celery Mosaic Potyvirus on Dill (Anethum graveolens)

Plant Disease ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 712-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Bellardi ◽  
C. Rubies-Autonell
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Anethum Graveolens ◽  
Chenopodium Amaranticolor ◽  
First Report ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
Weed Host ◽  
Emilia Romagna Region

In the spring and summer of 1997, nearly 90% of dill plants (Anethum graveolens L.) cultivated in a crop of Emilia-Romagna region (northern Italy), exhibited viruslike symptoms. Approximately 30% of the plants showed narrowing of the leaf lamina and stunting that evolved to yellow or bronze color. The plants appeared bushy and had low seed production. Electron microscopy of leaf-dip preparations revealed the association of flexuous, potyvirus-like particles of 750 nm in length with diseased dill plants. The identity of this virus was established by differential host reactions and serological assays. It was mechanically transmitted only to Chenopodium amaranticolor Coste et Reyn. and C. quinoa Willd. plants (which showed local chloro-necrotic lesions after about a week), and Petunia × hybrida Hort. Vilm.-Andr. plants (latently infected). No infections were obtained in several inoculated Umbelliferae plants, including dill and celery (Apium graveolens L.). Therefore, our isolate is similar to that described by others (1,2) and unlike the type strain that infects only members of the Umbelliferae. Virus particles reacted in protein A sandwich-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with antiserum to celery mosaic potyvirus (CeMV) (supplied from the Istituto di Fitovirologia Applicata, CNR, Turin, Italy). This result was further confirmed by immunosorbent electron microscopy decoration tests. CeMV in the field was likely transmitted to dill by abundant aphid populations from weeds and/or other Umbelliferae species cultivated in the same location. In particular, the weed host Daucus carota L. and the cultivated Petroselinum sativum Hoffm. plants both exhibited bronze foliage and stunting, and were found to be infected by CeMV. This note represents the first report of CeMV in A. graveolens. References: (1) E. Luisoni et al. Ann. Phytopathol. 1:375, 1969. (2) C. Rubies-Autonell et al. Phytopathol Mediterr. 35:58, 1996.

Biotransformation of Isoprenoids and Shikimic Acid Derivatives by a Vegetable Enzymatic System

2004 ◽  
Vol 59 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 201-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanda Krystyna Mączka ◽  
Agnieszka Mironowicz
Keyword(s):  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Shikimic Acid ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Reversible Reaction ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
Enzymatic System ◽  
Aromatic Acids ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
Enzymatic Systems ◽  
Armoracia Lapathifolia

In biotransformations carried out under similar conditions enzymatic systems from carrot (Daucus carota L.), celeriac (Apium graveolens L. var. rapaceum) and horse-radish (Armoracia lapathifolia Gilib.) hydrolyzed the ester bonds of acetates of phenols or alicyclic alcohols. Nevertheless, methyl esters of aromatic acids did not undergo hydrolysis. Alcohols were oxidized to ketones in a reversible reaction.

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