Arbuscular mycorrhizae promote establishment of prairie species in a tallgrass prairie restoration

The effect that arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) inoculum has on the development of an early successional tallgrass prairie restoration was investigated in field plots of a recently disturbed area in Minnesota, U.S.A. Mycorrhizal inoculum reproduced from a native prairie was placed below a mix of prairie seed. Two sets of control plots were established, those with seed only and those with seed and a sterilized soil. By the end of 15 months, plants in the inoculated plots had a significantly greater percentage of roots colonized by AM fungi. While inoculation had no effect on total percent cover of plants, percent cover of native planted grasses was significantly greater in the inoculated plots than in the two sets of controls. The increase in percent cover of native grasses may increase the rate of succession by allowing these grasses to outcompete the ruderal species also present at the site. Our findings suggest that inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizae promotes the development of early successional tallgrass prairie communities.Key words: mycorrhizae, prairie, reclamation, plant community, inoculation, restoration.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizae promote establishment of prairie species in a tallgrass prairie restoration

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/cjb-76-11-1947 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 76 (11) ◽

pp. 1947-1954 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

M.R. Smith ◽

I. Charvat ◽

R.L. Jacobson

Keyword(s):

Tallgrass Prairie ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizae ◽

Prairie Restoration ◽

Tallgrass Prairie Restoration

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Characterisation of the fuel and fire environment in southern Ontario’s tallgrass prairie

International Journal of Wildland Fire ◽

10.1071/wf14214 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 24 (8) ◽

pp. 1118 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Susan Kidnie ◽

B. Mike Wotton

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Tallgrass Prairie ◽

Prescribed Burning ◽

Fire Spread ◽

Fuel Load ◽

Prairie Restoration ◽

Prescribed Burn ◽

Spread Rate ◽

Prescribed Burns ◽

Tallgrass Prairie Restoration

Prescribed burning can be an integral part of tallgrass prairie restoration and management. Understanding fire behaviour in this fuel is critical to conducting safe and effective prescribed burns. Our goal was to quantify important physical characteristics of southern Ontario’s tallgrass fuel complex prior to and during prescribed burns and synthesise our findings into useful applications for the prescribed fire community. We found that the average fuel load in tallgrass communities was 0.70 kg m–2. Fuel loads varied from 0.38 to 0.96 kg m–2. Average heat of combustion did not vary by species and was 17 334 kJ kg–1. A moisture content model was developed for fully cured, matted field grass, which was found to successfully predict moisture content of the surface layers of cured tallgrass in spring. We observed 25 head fires in spring-season prescribed burns with spread rates ranging from 4 to 55 m min–1. Flame front residence time averaged 27 s, varying significantly with fuel load but not fire spread rate. A grassland spread rate model from Australia showed the closest agreement with observed spread rates. These results provide prescribed-burn practitioners in Ontario better information to plan and deliver successful burns.

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Selection on convergent functional traits drives compositional divergence in early succession of a tallgrass prairie restoration experiment

Journal of Ecology ◽

10.1111/1365-2745.13808 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nisa Karimi ◽

Daniel J. Larkin ◽

Mary‐Claire Glasenhardt ◽

Rebecca S. Barak ◽

Evelyn W. Williams ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Functional Traits ◽

Tallgrass Prairie ◽

Prairie Restoration ◽

Early Succession ◽

Tallgrass Prairie Restoration

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The Impact of Seed Mix Weight on Diversity and Species Composition in a Tallgrass Prairie Restoration Planting, Nachusa Grasslands, Illinois, USA

Ecological Restoration ◽

10.3368/er.31.2.154 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 154-167 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

D. Goldblum ◽

B. P. Glaves ◽

L. S. Rigg ◽

B. Kleiman

Keyword(s):

Species Composition ◽

Tallgrass Prairie ◽

Prairie Restoration ◽

Tallgrass Prairie Restoration ◽

Nachusa Grasslands ◽

The Impact

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Temporal dynamics of plant community regeneration sources during tallgrass prairie restoration

Plant Ecology ◽

10.1007/s11258-013-0241-7 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 214 (9) ◽

pp. 1169-1180 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Jason E. Willand ◽

Sara G. Baer ◽

David J. Gibson ◽

Ryan P. Klopf

Keyword(s):

Plant Community ◽

Tallgrass Prairie ◽

Temporal Dynamics ◽

Prairie Restoration ◽

Tallgrass Prairie Restoration

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Influence of arbuscular mycorrhizae on soil P dynamics, corn P-nutrition and growth in a ridge-tilled commercial field

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/cjss07024 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 88 (3) ◽

pp. 283-294 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Christine P Landry ◽

Chantal Hamel ◽

Anne Vanasse

Keyword(s):

Arbuscular Mycorrhizae ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Am Fungi ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Soil Disturbance ◽

P Uptake ◽

P Nutrition ◽

Soil P ◽

High Yields ◽

Ridge Tillage

Ridge-tilled corn (Zea mays L.) could benefit from arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. Under low soil disturbance, AM hyphal networks are preserved and can contribute to corn nutrition. A 2-yr study was conducted in the St. Lawrence Lowlands (Quebec, Canada) to test the effects of indigenous AM fungi on corn P nutrition, growth, and soil P in field cropped for 8 yr under ridge-tillage. Phosphorus treatments (0, 17, 35 kg P ha-1) were applied to AM-inhibited (AMI) (fungicide treated) and AM non-inhibited (AMNI) plots. Plant tissue and soil were sampled 22, 48 and 72 days after seeding (DAS). P dynamics was monitored in situ with anionic exchange membranes (PAEM) from seeding to the end of July. AMNI plants showed extensive AM colonization at all P rates. At 22 DAS, AMI plants had decreased growth in the absence of P inputs, while AMNI plants had higher dry mass (DM) and P uptake in unfertilized plots. The PAEM was lower in the AMNI unfertilized soils in 1998 and at all P rates in 1999, indicating an inverse relationship between P uptake and PAEM. At harvest, grain P content of AMNI plants was greater than that of AMI plants. In 1998, only AMI plants had decreased yield in the absence of P fertilization. In 1999, AMNI plants produced greater grain yield than AMI plants at all P rates. AM fungi improve the exploitation of soil P by corn thereby maintaining high yields while reducing crop reliance on P inputs in RT. Key words: Arbuscular mycorrhizae, ridge-tillage, soil P dynamics, corn, P nutrition

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Differential soil organic carbon storage at forb- and grass-dominated plant communities, 33 years after tallgrass prairie restoration

Plant and Soil ◽

10.1007/s11104-013-1916-5 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 374 (1-2) ◽

pp. 899-913 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Matt D. Ampleman ◽

Kerri M. Crawford ◽

David A. Fike

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Organic Carbon ◽

Carbon Storage ◽

Plant Communities ◽

Tallgrass Prairie ◽

Prairie Restoration ◽

Soil Organic Carbon Storage ◽

Tallgrass Prairie Restoration ◽

Organic Carbon Storage

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi favor invasive Echinops sphaerocephalus when grown in competition with native Inula conyzae

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-77030-0 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Veronika Řezáčová ◽

Milan Řezáč ◽

Hana Gryndlerová ◽

Gail W. T. Wilson ◽

Tereza Michalová

Keyword(s):

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizae ◽

Native Plants ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Am Fungi ◽

Plant Invasions ◽

Soil Disturbance ◽

Mycorrhizal Networks ◽

The Family ◽

Globalized World

AbstractIn a globalized world, plant invasions are common challenges for native ecosystems. Although a considerable number of invasive plants form arbuscular mycorrhizae, interactions between arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and invasive and native plants are not well understood. In this study, we conducted a greenhouse experiment examining how AM fungi affect interactions of co-occurring plant species in the family Asteracea, invasive Echinops sphaerocephalus and native forb of central Europe Inula conyzae. The effects of initial soil disturbance, including the effect of intact or disturbed arbuscular mycorrhizal networks (CMNs), were examined. AM fungi supported the success of invasive E. sphaerocephalus in competition with native I. conyzae, regardless of the initial disturbance of CMNs. The presence of invasive E. sphaerocephalus decreased mycorrhizal colonization in I. conyzae, with a concomitant loss in mycorrhizal benefits. Our results confirm AM fungi represent one important mechanism of plant invasion for E. sphaerocephalus in semi-natural European grasslands.

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