Geomaterial classification criteria for design and construction of driven steel H-piles

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 616-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pramila Adhikari ◽  
Kam W. Ng ◽  
Yrgalem Z. Gebreslasie ◽  
Shaun S. Wulff ◽  
Todd A. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Classification Criteria ◽  
Sample Design ◽  
Hard Rocks ◽  
Design Charts ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Driven Pile ◽  
Pile Resistance ◽  
Design And Construction

Methodologies are proposed to develop criteria for classifying geomaterials into soils, intermediate geomaterials (IGMs), and hard rocks to achieve efficient driven pile designs. IGMs were categorized into IGM-soils and IGM-rocks to reduce the uncertainties in pile resistance estimations associated with properties ranging from soils to rocks. A boundary between soils and IGM-soils was established based upon the performance of two static analysis methods measured in terms of the coefficients of variation between measured and estimated shaft resistances. A boundary between IGM-rocks and hard rocks was established by limiting the geotechnical resistance in IGM-rocks to the compressive strength of a steel pile. Finally, a geomaterial classification flowchart and sample design charts are proposed to facilitate the classification of geomaterials specifically for the design and construction of driven steel H-piles. The proposed framework can be adapted for other driven pile types.

EXPERIENCE ON DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF ROAD PAVEMENTS USING THE CLAUSES OF EUROPEAN STANDARDS ON HYDRAULICALLY BOUND MATERIALS

2019 ◽  
pp. 42-50
Author(s):  
Tatiana Tereshchenko ◽  
Serhii Illiash
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Rigid Pavements ◽  
State Classification ◽  
Hydraulic Binder ◽  
European Standards ◽  
Pavement Construction ◽  
Design And Construction

Hydraulically bound mixtures (HBM) are most effectively applied in the base layers of flexible road pavements to enhance their load bearing capacity and also in the base layers of rigid road pavements in the case of weak soils of the sub-grade. The evaluation of Ukrainian standards which are identical to European standards relating HBM leads to the point of subsequent implementation of new requirements trough design and construction of motor roads in Ukraine. The by European standards stated requirements and classification of HBM provide a modelling regime closer to the performance of bound pavement layer and give the wider range of HBM designations with different strength properties. Thus, this article reviews such aspects of design and construction of road pavements with HBM layers which are distinguished from the conception approved now in Ukraine. The reviewed clauses on design and construction concern road pavements which, in accordance with the European practice, are classified as flexible pavements or semi-rigid pavements and are comprised of flexible (bitumen-bound) upper layers laid on a HBM base. The reviewed types of road pavement constructions are most eligible to emphasize the possibilities of implementation of new standard requirements in the Ukrainian road building industry. As it was concluded, the European standards state classification of HBM by compressive strength RC and classification by tensile strength in combination with elastic modulus Rt, E. These methods of classification are equivalent with no correlation intended between them and have been successfully used during design and construction of road pavement constructions comprised of bitumen-bound layers laid on a HBM base. When designing the motor roads with the above mentioned pavement construction to be loaded with high traffic, HBM of strength classes RС from С8/10 to С9/12 shall be contributed where classes of strength are determined by the type of a hydraulic binder and can be accorded to the categories by ”Rt, E” values not less than T3 (from T3 to T5). Keywords: hydraulically bound mixtures, classification by values of mechanical properties, compressive strength, base layers from hydraulically bound mixtures.

DONG SON BRONZE DRUM - THE WORK OF THE LAC VIET PEOPLE

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Van Hao
Keyword(s):  
Classification Criteria ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Tribal Identity ◽  
The Relationship

Bronze drums are widely distributed, broader than the range of a nation. Therefore, the identification of each kind of drum is a basic subject, should be concerned. In determining the tribal identity of the drum, the classification of drum is the key stage, the relationship between the objective of the classification and classification criteria is the relation as shape and shadow, if there is no right criteria then the result of division will be difficult to reach the desired goal. Likewise, the criterion of the pattern on the bronze drum brought to the affirmation is the Dong Son bronze drum of the Lac Viet people. And the parallel is the affirmation of the culture, way of life, residence of the nation created the drum.

scholarly journals UV Spectral Classification of B Stars

1985 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 411-413
Author(s):  
Janet Rountree ◽  
George Sonneborn ◽  
Robert J. Panek
Keyword(s):  
Classification System ◽  
Classification Criteria ◽  
High Dispersion ◽  
Spectral Classification ◽  
Early Type ◽  
B Stars ◽  
Dimensional Classification ◽  
Early Type Stars ◽  
Comprehensive Classification

Previous studies of ultraviolet spectral classification have been insufficient to establish a comprehensive classification system for ultraviolet spectra of early-type stars because of inadequate spectral resolution. We have initiated a new study of ultraviolet spectral classification of B stars using high-dispersion IUE archival data. High-dispersion SWP spectra of MK standards and other B stars are retrieved from the IUE archives and numerically degraded to a uniform resolution of 0.25 or 0.50 Å. The spectra (in the form of plots or photowrites) are then visually examined with the aim of setting up a two-dimensional classification matrix. We follow the method used to create the MK classification system for visual spectra. The purpose of this work is to examine the applicability of the MK system (and in particular, the set of standard stars) in the ultraviolet, and to establish classification criteria in this spectral region.

scholarly journals Classification of Compact Objects: QSS, QSOs, N-Type and Compact Galaxies, Seyfert and Galactic Nuclei

1972 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 97-103
Author(s):  
W. W. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Galactic Nuclei ◽  
Seyfert Galaxy ◽  
Classification Criteria ◽  
Compact Objects ◽  
Stellar Objects ◽  
Quasi Stellar Objects ◽  
Compact Galaxies

Some methods currently in use for the classification of the optical forms of the ‘compact’ galaxies and quasi-stellar objects are reviewed. It is shown that the category ‘Seyfert Galaxy’ is basically a spectroscopic (rather than a form) classification.An optical form-classification is described which is, in principle, identical with published classification criteria for QSO, N-type, and compact objects. The importance of maintaining rigid form-standards is emphasized.

Classification of Japanese patients with mild/early systemic sclerosis (SSc) by the 2013 ACR/EULAR classification criteria for SSc

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 614-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuka Ikawa ◽  
Yasuhito Hamaguchi ◽  
Naoki Mugii ◽  
Takashi Matsushita ◽  
Kazuhiko Takehara
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Japanese Patients ◽  
Classification Criteria ◽  
Early Systemic Sclerosis

scholarly journals Substantiating a technique to process hard rock involving extraction of valuable components and use of wastes to form mesorelief

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. 00003
Author(s):  
Kateryna Babii ◽  
Oleksandr Ikol ◽  
Yevhenii Malieiev
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Hard Rock ◽  
Industrial Product ◽  
Power Dependence ◽  
Landscape Restoration ◽  
Hard Rocks ◽  
Mineral Losses ◽  
Scientific Value ◽  
Practical Implications

A technique to process rock mass from hard-rock technogenic media has been developed; it is aimed at recovery of mineral losses, restoration of the environment at the territory of mining enterprises by means of rock mass extraction, its processing and redistribution for the purposes of land recultivation and landscape restoration. Classification of dry ore-containing hard rocks of dumps has been developed; that has made it possible to improve technological scheme of the processing of rock mass from technogenic media, emphasize its variants of use, and specify the required facilities and their productivity. Scientific value of the paper is in determining the effect of changes in the losses in pre-processing dry wastes upon the yield of industrial product and wastes; the effect has demonstrated that the yield of industrial product is in polynomial dependence upon the pre-processing losses while yield of tailings is in the power dependence. Practical implications of the paper are in the fact that the proposed method helps form mesorelief with the properties close to the natural one. The method involves restoration of the initial landscape with the help of opening hard rocks followed, completed by laying water-bearing and potentially fertile layers.

Diagnosis and classification criteria

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura C. Coates ◽  
William J. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Classification Criteria ◽  
Design Function ◽  
Diagnosis And Classification ◽  
Axial Disease ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Over Time

This chapter covers diagnosis and classification of psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Firstly the difference between diagnosis and classification criteria in terms of their design, function, and performance is discussed. The diagnostic clues of PsA are summarized: risk factors for development of arthritis amongst patients with psoriasis, signs, and symptoms of articular, entheseal and axial disease, and relevant investigations. Older classification criteria for PsA are discussed along with later modifications. The development of the CASPAR criteria is described and subsequent studies assessing the accuracy of the CASPAR criteria in different populations are then summarized. How PsA fits within the broader family of spondyloarthritides (SpA) and the performance of CASPAR compared to SpA criteria is outlined. Different subtypes of PsA, as well as the evolution of individual patients through subtypes over time, are described. Finally future proposals to develop the ‘stem’ of CASPAR to define ‘inflammatory articular, entheseal or axial disease’ are summarized.

scholarly journals Quantitative spectral classification of Galactic O stars

2018 ◽  
Vol 616 ◽  
pp. A135 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Martins
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Range ◽  
Spectral Resolution ◽  
Equivalent Width ◽  
Classification Criteria ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
Spectral Classification ◽  
Class V ◽  
Luminosity Class ◽  
Spectral Class

Our goal is to provide a quantification of several spectral classification criteria for O stars. We collect high-spectral resolution spectra of 105 Galactic O-type stars from various archives. We measured equivalent widths of classification lines. We defined average values of classification criteria for given spectral types and luminosity classes. We find that the ratio He I 4471 to He II 4542 well matches the published ratios for spectral types. We have quantified equivalent width ratios of helium and silicon lines among O8–O9.7 stars to refine spectral class typing in this spectral range. We present quantitative criteria to separate between luminosity class V, IV–III–II (grouped), and I among O3–O8.5 stars, mainly based on the strength of He II 4686. We find that these criteria also define very well the f, (f), and ((f)) classes for O3–O7.5 stars. Among O9–O9.7 stars we quantify the ratios of He II 4686 to He I 4713 and Si IV 4089 to He I 4026 for all luminosity classes. The tabulated values of the classification criteria should help classify any new O-type stars. The final step of the classification process should rely on a direct comparison to standard stars of the assigned spectral type or luminosity class.

Foundations and Classification Criteria for Techniques of Educational Processes Management

10.12737/2863 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Афанасьев ◽  
Vladimir Afanasev ◽  
Афанасьева ◽  
I. Afanaseva
Keyword(s):  
Classification Criteria ◽  
Sequential Procedure ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Educational Processes ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Learning Management ◽  
Control Management

The 22-nominations matrix is proposed for classifying approaches to educational processes management. The matrix is developed based on conceptual insights in the learning, management and system-oriented analysis theories, which have been embodied in a sequential procedure, which, in turn, implies defining two dual and reciprocal factors (namely, «foundations» and «criteria »), classification of systems in general, identifying attributes and features of control (management) systems, ways to form management impact, changes in behavior of appropriately organized education systems, type and orientation of management.

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