Kinetic effect of single MgCl2 and NaCl aqueous solutions on ethane hydrate formation

2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (8) ◽  
pp. 891-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Long ◽  
Deqing Liang ◽  
Dongliang Li
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Induction Time ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Hydrate Formation ◽  
Initial Pressure ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Diffusion Reaction ◽  
Gas Consumption ◽  
And Storage

Experimental data on the kinetics of C2H6 hydrate formation in the presence of pure water and two aqueous single solutions, MgCl2 and NaCl, are presented in this study. The measurements of experimental hydrate formation process were performed in a high pressure reactor at 276.15 K, at initial pressure range of 2.0–2.4 MPa, and solution concentration range of 2.34–10 wt%. The effect of solution concentration and initial pressure on the induction time, gas consumption, conversion, and storage capacity and growth rate was examined. It was observed that with the increase of the solution concentration, the induction time increased, while the storage capacity and the number of moles of C2H6 consumed decreased. A diffusion-reaction kinetics model was employed to predict the hydrate growth rate at the beginning of hydrate formation. The results showed that the addition of MgCl2 and NaCl decreased the apparent rate constant, and MgCl2 had a greater effect than NaCl in inhibiting the hydrate growth.

scholarly journals Influence of THF and THF/SDS on the Kinetics of CO2 Hydrate Formation Under Stirring

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongliang Wang ◽  
Qiang Wu ◽  
Baoyong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Induction Time ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Formation Rate ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Hydrate Formation ◽  
Gas Absorption ◽  
Obvious Effect ◽  
Gas Uptake ◽  
Gas Consumption ◽  
And Control

Hydrate-based gas separation is a potential technology for CO2 recovery and storage, and its products can be used for fire prevention and control in mines. Promoters are often employed to accelerate or moderate hydrate formation. In this study, experiments were performed to examine the effects of different concentrations of the thermodynamic promoter tetrahydrofuran (THF) and kinetic promoter sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) on CO2 hydrate formation under stirring. The results showed that THF significantly shortens the induction time of CO2 hydrates; however, because THF occupies a large cavity in the hydrate structure, it also reduces the gas absorption and hydrate formation rate. SDS has no obvious effect on the induction time of hydrates, but it can increase the gas storage density and hydrate formation rate. Using THF and SDS together consumed more CO2 than using THF alone or pure water. The peak gas consumption rate was 2.3 times that of the THF system. The hydrate formation efficiency was improved by including both THF and SDS, which maximized both the hydrate formation rate and total gas uptake.

Mathematical Model of Energy Storage in Gas Hydrate and its Flow in Pipeline Systems

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwatoyin Akinsete ◽  
Sunday Isehunwa
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Hydrate Formation ◽  
Momentum Conservation ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Pipeline Systems ◽  
And Storage

ABSTRACT Natural gas, one of the major sources of energy for the 21st century, provides more than one-fifth of the worldwide energy needs. Storing this energy in gas hydrate form presents an alternative to its storage and smart solution to its flow with the rest of the fluid without creating a difficulty in gas pipeline systems due to pressure build-up. This study was design to achieve this situation in a controlled manner using a simple mathematical model, by applying mass and momentum conservation principles in canonical form to non-isothermal multiphase flow, for predicting the onset conditions of hydrate formation and storage capacity growth of the gas hydrate in pipeline systems. Results from this developed model shows that the increase in hydrate growth, the more the hydrate storage capacity of gas within and along the gas pipeline. The developed model is therefore recommended for management of hydrate formation for natural gas storage and transportation in gas pipeline systems.

scholarly journals Promoting and Inhibitory Effects of Hydrophilic/Hydrophobic Modified Aluminum Oxide Nanoparticles on Carbon Dioxide Hydrate Formation

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 5380
Author(s):  
Yu Liu ◽  
Xiangrui Liao ◽  
Changrui Shi ◽  
Zheng Ling ◽  
Lanlan Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Oxide ◽  
Induction Time ◽  
Hydrate Formation ◽  
Equilibrium Temperature ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Mitigation ◽  
Al2o3 Nanoparticles ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Aluminum Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Gas Consumption

Hydrate-based CO2 capture from large emission sources is considered a promising process for greenhouse gas mitigation. The addition of nanoparticles may promote or inhibit the formation of hydrates. In this work, CO2 hydrate formation experiments were performed in a dual-cell high-pressure reactor. Non-modified, hydrophilic modified and hydrophobic modified aluminum oxide (Al2O3) nanoparticles at different concentrations were added to assess their promoting or inhibitory effects on CO2 hydrate formation. The equilibrium temperature and pressure, induction time, and total gas consumption during CO2 hydrate formation were measured. The results show that the presence of Al2O3 nanoparticles exerts little effect on the phase equilibrium of CO2 hydrates. Under the experimental conditions, the addition of all Al2O3 nanoparticles imposes an inhibitory effect on the final gas consumption except for the 0.01 wt% addition of hydrophilic modified Al2O3 nanoparticles. The induction time required for the nucleation of CO2 hydrates mainly ranges from 70 to 90 min in the presence of Al2O3 nanoparticles. Compared to the absence of nanoparticles, the addition of non-modified and hydrophilic modified Al2O3 nanoparticle reduces the induction time. However, the hydrophobic modified Al2O3 nanoparticles extend the induction time.

Research Progress on the Driving Force of Gas Hydrate Formation

2012 ◽  
Vol 616-618 ◽  
pp. 902-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Long Wang ◽  
Xue Min Zhang ◽  
Jin Ping Li ◽  
Lin Jun Wang ◽  
Liang Jiao
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Induction Time ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Hydrate Formation ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Hydration Reaction ◽  
Gas Hydrate Formation

Predicting the driving force accurately is the key process to hydrate nucleating and growing of hydration reaction. The nucleating and growing process of hydrate is relevant to temperature, pressure and component of reactant, and the property of reaction tank and intermiscibility of reactant have notable effect on the formation process of hydrate with its nucleating position, the induction time, growth rate and hydration rate. However, the present driving force model of hydrate cannot predict nucleating area, induction time, growth rate and the reaction limit, and also can't explain the influence of some factors such as cooling rate, temperature disturbance and inlet way on the hydration reaction, it is uncertain of the process to gas hydrate nucleation. We introduced some driving force models, analyzed their merits and demerits, and looked into the distance of research direction to driving force in the future.

Effect of surfactants and liquid hydrocarbons on gas hydrate formation rate and storage capacity

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 747-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhigao Sun ◽  
Ruzhu Wang ◽  
Rongsheng Ma ◽  
Kaihua Guo ◽  
Shuanshi Fan
Keyword(s):  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Formation Rate ◽  
Hydrate Formation ◽  
Liquid Hydrocarbons ◽  
Gas Hydrate Formation ◽  
And Storage

scholarly journals Influence of asphaltene polarity on hydrate behaviors in water-in-oil emulsions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongxu Zhang ◽  
Qiyu Huang ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Rongbin Li ◽  
Huiyuan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Nucleation Rate ◽  
Induction Time ◽  
Hydrate Formation ◽  
Polar Fraction ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Alkyl Side Chain ◽  
Asphaltene Fraction ◽  
Oil Emulsions ◽  
Self Aggregation

Asphaltene was fractionated into four subfractions with different polarities, and used to conduct the hydrate formation and dissociation experiments. It was observed that the more polar fraction could result in a higher tendency of self-aggregation and fewer asphaltenes adsorbing at the water-oil interface mainly due to the larger C/H ratio, higher aromaticity, and shorter length of the alkyl side chain. The nucleation rate decreased with the presence of asphaltenes, and the induction time increased with a reduction in asphaltene polarity in water-in-oil emulsions. The results showed that the formed amount of hydrates were reduced by the addition of asphaltenes. For the asphaltene containing emulsions, less hydrate was formed with the presence of a more polar asphaltene fraction. The presence of asphaltenes was also found to affect the growth rate of hydrate, which varies with the polarity. Meanwhile, all four asphaltene fractions were found to promote the dissociation of hydrate.

scholarly journals Examination of behavior of lysine on methane (95%)–propane (5%) hydrate formation by the use of different impellers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1823-1831
Author(s):  
Sotirios Nik. Longinos ◽  
Mahmut Parlaktuna
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Induction Time ◽  
Radial Flow ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Hydrate Formation ◽  
Hydrodynamic Behavior ◽  
Mixed Flow ◽  
Time Rate ◽  
Flow Experiments

AbstractHydrate formation characteristics and hydrodynamic behavior have been investigated for mixture of methane–propane hydrate formation with pure water and with the amino acid of lysine 1.5 wt% at 24.5 bars and 2 °C. There were total 12 experiments with full and no baffle estimating the induction time, rate of hydrate formation, hydrate productivity and power consumption. The outcomes showed that radial flow experiments with radial flow have better behavior compared to mixed flow ones due to better interaction between gas and liquid. Furthermore, lysine experiments formed hydrates more quickly compared to pure water experiments showing that lysine functions as promoter and not as inhibitor. RT experiments consume more energy compared to PBT ones, while induction time is always smaller in RT experiments compared to PBT ones.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation of Effect on Hydrate Formation in Spray Reactor

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianzhong Zhao ◽  
Yaqin Tian ◽  
Yangsheng Zhao ◽  
Wenping Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Formation Rate ◽  
Hydrate Formation ◽  
Gas Storage ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Increase Production Cost ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
Gas Volume ◽  
Experimental Rig

The effects of reaction condition on hydrate formation were conducted in spray reactor. The temperature, pressure, and gas volume of reaction on hydrate formation were measured in pure water and SDS solutions at different temperature and pressure with a high-pressure experimental rig for hydrate formation. The experimental data and result reveal that additives could improve the hydrate formation rate and gas storage capacity. Temperature and pressure can restrict the hydrate formation. Lower temperature and higher pressure can promote hydrate formation, but they can increase production cost. So these factors should be considered synthetically. The investigation will promote the advance of gas storage technology in hydrates.

Research of Surfactants Effect on Methane Hydrate Formation with Properties of Biochemical Materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 675 ◽  
pp. 284-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Dou ◽  
Hui Gao ◽  
Lei Ren
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate ◽  
Methane Hydrate ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Water System ◽  
Hydrate Formation ◽  
Liquid Pool ◽  
Pool Surface ◽  
Dodecyl Sulfate ◽  
Gas Consumption

This paper deals with the effects of a surfactant additive on the formation of methane hydrate in water system with and without sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The properties of sodium dodecyl sulfate are listed. The results manifested that the presence of SDS could not only accelerate the hydrate formation process, but also increase the partition coefficient of methane between hydrate and vapor drastically. The paper then describes our experimental observations of the hydrate formation from methane, to show how the hydrate formation behaviors are affected by the additives of chamber partially filled with a quiescent pool of water (pure water or an aqueous SDS solution) to compensate for the gas consumption due to the hydrate formation, thereby maintaining a constant pressure inside the chamber. The results revealed that the addition of SDS not only on the liquid-pool surface but also on the chamber walls above the level of the pool surface, leaving the bulk of the liquid pool free from hydrate crystals. An excessive addition of SDS beyond the solubility was found to cause a decrease in the rate of hydrate formation but an increase in the final level of the water-to-hydrate conversion.

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