Natural reusable calcium-rich adsorbent for the removal of phosphorus from water: proof of concept of a circular economy

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 458-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristine Lamont ◽  
Erica Pensini ◽  
Prasad Daguppati ◽  
Ramesh Rudra ◽  
John van de Vegte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Phosphorus Sorption ◽  
Commercial Fertilizer ◽  
Phosphorus Desorption ◽  
Water Proof ◽  
Ph Neutralization

A calcium-rich rock (limestone) was used as adsorbent to remove phosphorus from water. Phosphorus could be subsequently desorbed from limestone at pH = 4, and potentially reused as fertilizer following pH neutralization. Sorption of phosphorus onto limestone was not affected by 100 mM KCl or by the nitrogen present in a commercial fertilizer, but it was hindered by 100 mM NaCl, urea and river water. The phosphorus removed was however never below ∼9 mg P/kg rock, and it increased with increasing phosphorus concentrations in water. Phosphorus removal increased with 100 mM CaCl2 at neutral pH, likely due to its precipitation. Mixing for 30 s enhanced phosphorus sorption. Desorption of phosphorus from limestone following sorption in deionized water was ∼50%, ∼22%, and ∼11% at pH = 4, pH = 7, and pH = 11, respectively. Phosphorus desorption was lower when sorption had occurred in river water than in deionized water or in 100 mM urea.

scholarly journals Influence of soil pH on inorganic phosphorus sorption and desorption in a humid brazilian Ultisol

2005 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 685-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinjiro Sato ◽  
Nicholas Brian Comerford
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Tropical Soils ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Sorption ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
P Sorption ◽  
Phosphorus Desorption ◽  
P Desorption ◽  
P Bioavailability

Liming is a common practice to raise soil pH and increase phosphorus (P) bioavailability in tropical regions. However, reports on the effect of liming on P sorption and bioavailability are controversial. The process of phosphorus desorption is more important than P sorption for defining P bioavailability. However few studies on the relationship between soil pH and P desorption are available, and even fewer in the tropical soils. The effects of soil pH on P sorption and desorption in an Ultisol from Bahia, Brazil, were investigated in this study. Phosphorus sorption decreased by up to 21 and 34 % with pH increases from 4.7 to 5.9 and 7.0, respectively. Decreasing Langmuir K parameter and decreasing partition coefficients (Kd) with increasing pH supported this trend. Phosphorus desorption was positively affected by increased soil pH by both the total amount of P desorbed and the ratio of desorbed P to initially sorbed P. A decreased K parameter and increased Kd value, particularly at the highest pH value and highest P-addition level, endorsed this phenomenon. Liming the soil had the double effect of reducing P sorption (up to 4.5 kg ha-1 of remaining P in solution) and enhancing P desorption (up to 2.7 kg ha-1 of additionally released P into solution).

scholarly journals Closing the Loop - Recycling Plastic Waste

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Caitlin Bruce
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Building Material ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
Closing The Loop ◽  
3D Printed

<p>New Zealand is ranked among the top nations in waste production, including a million tonnes of plastic waste. Currently, there are methods for recycling plastic within New Zealand but these methods can be expensive and time-consuming, resulting in most of the plastic being thrown into the landfill. Because plastic does not fully degrade, it ends up in the ocean and other waterways, poisoning the water with toxins. The purpose of this research is to provide a solution to reducing plastic waste by creating an alternative method of recycling that utilises new technologies such as additive manufacturing, to create a building material that fits into the concept of the circular economy. The findings of this research explored the recycling of plastic by collecting plastic waste such as PLA (Polylactic Acid) from old 3D printed models. The plastic was recycled into filament for additive manufacturing (AM) and used to print building tile, establishing an initial proof of concept for the use of recycled plastic as a potential building material.</p>

scholarly journals Onion cultivation approach by custom-made outdoor hydroponics: A very first attempt in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-51
Author(s):  
Irani Khatun ◽  
Saydul Karim ◽  
Subroto K Das ◽  
Riyad Hossen
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
River Water ◽  
Production Rate ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
The World ◽  
Water Treatments

Onion is one of the most important economic crops in the world for growing, trading and consuming. But its production rate is lower in Bangladesh due to insufficient farmlands and alternative production systems. So, onion cultivation hydroponically would be a potential consideration in Bangladesh. In this experiment, onions were grown in custom-made outdoor hydroponics using ground water of Barishal, Kirtankhola River water and deionized water as treatments to check their performances for future use. Ground water demonstrated best performances and the average yields of ground water were more than half of land based yields. Besides, only plant growth was normal in ground water treatments throughout the experiment. Finally, the authors concluded that onion production is possible hydroponically in Bangladesh and to minimize the need of commercial fertilizers; the ground water of Barishal is recommended.

Identification of Cationic Herbicides in Deionized Water, Municipal Tap Water, and River Water by Capillary Isotachophoresis/On-Line Raman Spectroscopy

1997 ◽  
Vol 51 (9) ◽  
pp. 1394-1399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick A. Walker ◽  
Jeremy M. Shaver ◽  
Michael D. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
River Water ◽  
Electrolyte Solution ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Capillary Isotachophoresis ◽  
Raman Spectroscopic ◽  
River Water Samples ◽  
On Line ◽  
Detection Window

Isotachophoresis (ITP), coupled with Raman spectroscopic detection, is used to separate and identify two cationic herbicides, paraquat and diquat, in spiked deionized water, municipal drinking water, and river water samples. On-line preconcentration is achieved with the use of field-amplified injection into a 0.03–0.1 M H2SO4 or Na2SO4 leading electrolyte solution, and isotachophoresis is achieved with the use of a 0.03–0.1 M tris(hydroxymethyl)—aminomethane (Tris) trailing electrolyte solution. The herbicides are concentrated to above 10−3 M at the detection window, allowing measurement of Raman spectra with 1-s integration windows. Spectra of the herbicides are obtained from solutions at initial concentrations in deionized water at 3.5 × 10−7 M (90 ppb) paraquat/5.8 × 10−8 M (20 ppb) diquat, from drinking water initially at 1.3 × 10−6 M (335 ppb) paraquat/1.0 × 10−6 M (360 ppb) diquat, and river water initially at 5.0 × 10−6 M (1.3 ppm) paraquat and 3.0 × 10−6 M (1.0 ppm) diquat. The utility of correlation to identify the presence of analytes and of factor analysis to recover spectra from solutions at low initial concentrations of the herbicides is demonstrated.

scholarly journals UPCYCLING OBSOLETE MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT INTO INNOVATIVE LABORATORY TEST RIGS: A LOW-COST SOLUTION OR A SUSTAINABLE DESIGN APPROACH?

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 3309-3318
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Rogkas ◽  
Eustratios Tsolakis ◽  
Christos Kalligeros ◽  
Georgios Vasileiou ◽  
Christos Vakouftsis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Test Bench ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sustainable Design ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Mechanical Equipment ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Moulding Machine

AbstractCircular Economy (CE) and the potential of reusing and recycling the products after the end of their life, becomes imperative for environmental, economic and social reasons. Especially during the 4th Industrial Revolution that is taking place nowadays, an increasing number of out-of-date equipment has to be replaced, which constitutes a chance and necessity to be reused, through recycling, redesigning and remanufacturing. The paper presents proof-of-concept studies regarding upcycling of obsolete and outdated equipment into novel test rigs mainly addressing research activities. Three such case studies are presented, namely the upcycling of an injection moulding machine into a modular test bench for power hydraulic components, the upcycling of scrap components into a hybrid hydraulic/ ICE powertrain rig and the functional augmentation of a gear roll tester to accommodate single and double flank tests. Significant savings in cost, raw materials and time are demonstrated in all cases and adherence to the CE objectives are observed.

scholarly journals MODIFICATION OF THE DISPERSANT COREXIT®9500 FOR USE IN FRESHWATER

2001 ◽  
Vol 2001 (2) ◽  
pp. 1209-1211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita George-Ares ◽  
Richard R. Lessard ◽  
Gerard P. Canevari ◽  
Kenneth W. Becker ◽  
Robert J. Fiocco
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
River Water ◽  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
North Slope ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
A Value ◽  
Oil Spill Dispersants ◽  
Dispersant Effectiveness

ABSTRACT Recent inland spills in Latin America have generated interest in dispersant use for freshwater oil spills. However, oil spill dispersants primarily are formulated for use in marine waters. Dispersants that are designed for saltwater use show reduced effectiveness when applied in freshwater. The effectiveness of COREXIT® 9500 in low salinity waters varies with the type of oil, the dispersant-to-oil ratio (DOR), and other factors. The effectiveness of COREXIT® 9500 can decrease markedly at salinities of 15 ppt or less. The authors observed an increase in effectiveness of COREXIT® 9500 in freshwater when the dispersant was blended with an inorganic, divalent salt, such as calcium chloride, prior to use (patent pending). COREXIT® 9500* refers here to the blend of the salt and dispersant. The Exxon Dispersant Effectiveness Test (EXDET) was used to evaluate dispersant performance in deionized water and in river water samples from Rio de la Plata, Argentina. COREXIT® 9500 showed 22% effectiveness on Alaska North Slope (ANS) crude oil in deionized water, a value indicative of poor effectiveness. Depending on the amount of calcium chloride added, COREXIT® 9500* showed up to 63% effectiveness on ANS crude oil in deionized water, which indicates good effectiveness. The effectiveness of COREXIT® 9500* and COREXIT® 9500 was compared for three additional crude oils both in deionized water and in river water. In all cases, the effectiveness of COREXIT® 9500 was lower compared with COREXIT® 9500*.

scholarly journals Closing the Loop - Recycling Plastic Waste

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Caitlin Bruce
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Building Material ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
Closing The Loop ◽  
3D Printed

<p>New Zealand is ranked among the top nations in waste production, including a million tonnes of plastic waste. Currently, there are methods for recycling plastic within New Zealand but these methods can be expensive and time-consuming, resulting in most of the plastic being thrown into the landfill. Because plastic does not fully degrade, it ends up in the ocean and other waterways, poisoning the water with toxins. The purpose of this research is to provide a solution to reducing plastic waste by creating an alternative method of recycling that utilises new technologies such as additive manufacturing, to create a building material that fits into the concept of the circular economy. The findings of this research explored the recycling of plastic by collecting plastic waste such as PLA (Polylactic Acid) from old 3D printed models. The plastic was recycled into filament for additive manufacturing (AM) and used to print building tile, establishing an initial proof of concept for the use of recycled plastic as a potential building material.</p>

scholarly journals Nature‐Inspired Circular‐Economy Recycling for Proteins: Proof of Concept

2021 ◽  
pp. 2104581
Author(s):  
Simone Giaveri ◽  
Adeline Marie Schmitt ◽  
Laura Roset Julià ◽  
Vincenzo Scamarcio ◽  
Anna Murello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Proof Of Concept

Hydrolysis Dynamics of Diquat in Aquatic Environment

2014 ◽  
Vol 608-609 ◽  
pp. 1079-1083
Author(s):  
Juan Ying Peng ◽  
Ren Bin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
River Water ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Order Reaction ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Activation Entropy ◽  
First Order ◽  
Hydrolysis Process ◽  
Hydrolysis Rates ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The hydrolysis of diquat in deionized water, river water, and ground water were studied by incubation at 25°C and hydrolysis of diquat at different temperature (10°C, 25°C, and 35°C) in pH9 were investigated in the paper. The degradation was followed by GC. The experimental results indicated that the kinetics process of diquat can be described by the first-order reaction law, the hydrolysis rates of diquat in deionized water, river water, and ground water were almost the same; the pH was a critical factor of the rate of the degradation of diquat in aqueous solutions,diquat was stable in acid water and neutral water, but its hydrolysis easily took place in basic water; the higher temperture was helpful for the hydrolysis process during the range from 283k to 308k in basic water, the activation energy of hydrolysis for diquat was 25.89kJ/mol, activation entropy was –191.81 J/mol.K, and the temperature coefficient was 1.52.

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