Effects of predation on telemetry-based survival estimates: insights from a study on endangered Atlantic salmon smolts

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 728-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Jamie F. Gibson ◽  
Edmund A. Halfyard ◽  
Rod G. Bradford ◽  
Michael J.W. Stokesbury ◽  
Anna M. Redden
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Striped Bass ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Morone Saxatilis ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Fish Predation ◽  
Bay Of Fundy ◽  
Migration Patterns ◽  
Predation Effects

Telemetry is increasingly being used to estimate population-level survival rates. However, these estimates may be affected by the detectability of telemetry tags and are reliant on the assumption that telemetry data represent the movements of the tagged fish. Predation on tagged fish has the potential to bias survival estimates, and unlike the issue of detectability, methods to correct for the resulting bias (termed “predation bias”) are not yet developed. In an acoustic telemetry study on inner Bay of Fundy Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) smolts during 2008 and 2011, unusual tag detection patterns were indicative that some data may have been representative of the movements of predators rather than smolts. To incorporate predation effects into the resulting survival estimates, a suite of 11 summary migration metrics were compared between Atlantic salmon smolts and striped bass (Morone saxatilis). Cluster analyses revealed that 2.4% to 13.6% of tags implanted in smolts exhibited migration patterns more similar to striped bass than to other smolts, which was interpreted here as evidence of predation. Reassigning the fate of these tags as “depredated–died” reduced estimated survival from 43.5% to 41.1% in 2008 and from 32.6% to 19.0% in 2011 relative to a traditional mark–recapture model, illustrating the effect of predation bias in this case study.

scholarly journals Consumption of Atlantic Salmon Smolt by Striped Bass: A Review of the Predator–Prey Encounter and Implications for the Design of Effective Sampling Strategies

Fishes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Andrews ◽  
Hirtle ◽  
Linnansaari ◽  
Curry
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Striped Bass ◽  
Species Interactions ◽  
Morone Saxatilis ◽  
Sampling Strategies ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Spawning Period ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Salmon Smolt ◽  
Future Management

The native striped bass (Morone saxatilis) population of the Miramichi River, New Brunswick is undergoing an unprecedented recovery while Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) numbers within that system continue to decline. Atlantic salmon smolt depart from the Miramichi system during the striped bass spawning period and it is hypothesized that elevated striped bass abundances will increase encounter rates and predation on smolts. We summarize all available striped bass diet studies occurring within the native range of Atlantic salmon and present a review of the feeding behavior and diet preferences of striped bass before, during, and after their spawning period. The key studies vary in methodologies and interpretability. We present a standardized approach for assessing striped bass predation threats and smolt vulnerability and thus an improved understanding of the species interactions to guide future management in the Miramichi River.

Maternal triiodothyronine injections cause increases in swimbladder inflation and survival rates in larval striped bass,Morone saxatilis

1988 ◽  
Vol 248 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher L. Brown ◽  
Serge I. Doroshov ◽  
Jose M. Nunez ◽  
Carl Hadley ◽  
Joel Vaneenennaam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Striped Bass ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Morone Saxatilis

scholarly journals Evaluation of DNA Pooling for the Estimation of Microsatellite Allele Frequencies: A Case Study Using Striped Bass (Morone saxatilis)

Genetics ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 173 (2) ◽  
pp. 863-875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garrick T. Skalski ◽  
Charlene R. Couch ◽  
Amber F. Garber ◽  
Bruce S. Weir ◽  
Craig V. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Striped Bass ◽  
Morone Saxatilis ◽  
Allele Frequencies ◽  
Dna Pooling ◽  
Microsatellite Allele

scholarly journals Impacts of mycobacteriosis on the growth of striped bass (Morone saxatilis) in Chesapeake Bay

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Latour ◽  
David T. Gauthier ◽  
James Gartland ◽  
Christopher F. Bonzek ◽  
Kathleen A. McNamee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chesapeake Bay ◽  
Striped Bass ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Morone Saxatilis ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Us

The striped bass (Morone saxatilis) is an economically and ecologically valuable finfish species that inhabits nearshore and estuarine waters of many states along the US Atlantic coast. Chesapeake Bay provides extensive nursery and foraging habitats for striped bass, yet fish in the bay exhibit high prevalence of disease caused by bacteria in the genus Mycobacterium. Detection of population-level impacts associated with mycobacteriosis has been difficult because the disease is chronic and synoptic biological and disease data have been limited. Here, we present modeling analyses of growth data for disease-positive and -negative striped bass in Chesapeake Bay. Three growth relationships were considered, and for each, a single model was parameterized to include several covariates, most notably disease status and severity. Our results indicate that disease-positive and -negative fish have differing growth patterns and that the estimated asymptotic sizes of disease-positive fish are considerably lower than those of disease-negative fish. Compromised growth along with documentation that striped bass in Chesapeake Bay are experiencing disease-associated mortality suggests that disease may be reducing the productivity of this species.

scholarly journals Winter presence and temperature-related diel vertical migration of striped bass (Morone saxatilis) in an extreme high-flow passage in the inner Bay of Fundy

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 1777-1786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Freya M. Keyser ◽  
Jeremy E. Broome ◽  
Rodney G. Bradford ◽  
Brian Sanderson ◽  
Anna M. Redden
Keyword(s):  
Striped Bass ◽  
Vertical Migration ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Morone Saxatilis ◽  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Vertical Movement ◽  
High Flow ◽  
Bay Of Fundy ◽  
Tidal Turbine

During a multiyear fish tracking study, subadult and adult life stages of Shubenacadie River striped bass (Morone saxatilis) were detected throughout winter in the well-mixed, hypertidal waters of the Minas Passage, Bay of Fundy. Thirty-five percent of the striped bass tagged with Vemco V16 transmitters were detected by two Minas Passage receiver arrays. Transmissions were received on 82% of winter days (December to April) and by all receivers spanning the width of the passage. Tagged striped bass were detected largely within the top 20–40 m during the day. The extent of vertical migration to shallower waters at night showed a strong relationship with water temperature; however, there was no diel vertical movement pattern observed at water temperatures <1 °C. Our results demonstrate overwintering of a portion of the Shubenacadie River striped bass population in high-flow inner Bay of Fundy waters, which extends the northern limit of this species’ winter marine range. This study is also the first to describe the relationship between daily vertical migration by striped bass and low water temperatures. Both findings suggest an elevated potential risk of interaction with an in-stream tidal turbine facility in Minas Passage.

Improved Growth, Swimming Performance, and Muscular Development in Exercise-Conditioned Young-of-the-Year Striped Bass (Morone saxatilis)

1993 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 703-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paciencia S. Young ◽  
Joseph J. Cech Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Striped Bass ◽  
White Muscle ◽  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Morone Saxatilis ◽  
Wild Fish ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cultured Fish ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Young Of The Year

Exercise conditioning at 1.2–2.4 body lengths∙s−1 for 60 d significantly improved final weights, specific growth rates (SGR), 2-min critical swimming velocities, red muscle cross-sectional areas at 80% standard length (SL), and red:white muscle ratio at 80% SL in both cultured and wild young-of-the-year striped bass (Morone saxatilis). Moreover, wild fish had final weights and SGR greater than cultured fish in both exercised and unexercised groups. Exercise conditioning also increased white muscle cross-sectional areas at all sections (50, 65, and 80% SL) in the cultured but not in the wild fish, although white muscle areas of exercised wild fish were significantly greater than in the unexercised cultured fish. It is suggested that exercise-conditioned striped bass used for stocking purposes might show increased survival rates in the wild.

Early growth, mortality, and partial migration of striped bass (Morone saxatilis) larvae and juveniles in the St. Lawrence estuary, Canada

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 2235-2246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucie Vanalderweireldt ◽  
Gesche Winkler ◽  
Marc Mingelbier ◽  
Pascal Sirois
Keyword(s):  
Striped Bass ◽  
Morone Saxatilis ◽  
Migration Patterns ◽  
Lawrence Estuary ◽  
Larvae And Juveniles ◽  
Nursery Habitats ◽  
Species Recruitment ◽  
And Migration ◽  
St Lawrence Estuary ◽  
Freshwater Resident

Abstract After being extirpated from the St. Lawrence Estuary (SLE), striped bass (Morone saxatilis) were reintroduced in 2002, and by 2008 they were naturally reproducing. The increase of this reintroduced population prompted the need to document its nursery habitats utilization, which contribute to species recruitment. We analysed mortality-dispersion rates and the growth of larvae and juveniles in relation to their occurrence and migration patterns. From June to September 2014, we collected striped bass distributed in four estuarine habitats: the upstream freshwater section (UP), the oligohaline (O-ETM) and the mesohaline (M-ETM) estuarine turbidity maximum zone, and the downstream polyhaline section (DOWN). Based on otolith microstructure and microchemistry, 305 back-calculated growth and 36 migration trajectories have been reconstructed. The UP and the O-ETM provided optimal conditions wherein which larvae and juveniles exhibited fastest growth. In the SLE, we emphasized the co-existence of a freshwater resident contingent and two migrant contingents to the M-ETM and DOWN. We propose that migrants adopt an adaptive migration behaviour to avoid suboptimal conditions and strong intraspecific competition from resident in the upstream habitats. The potential advantage of a downstream migration later in the season might be an adaptative strategy to promote their survival during the early life stages.

Influence of origin on migration and survival of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in the Bay of Fundy, Canada

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
pp. 2063-2079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilles L. Lacroix
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Passage Time ◽  
Survival Models ◽  
Bay Of Fundy ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar

Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ) smolts of wild and hatchery origins (n = 522) were tagged with ultrasonic transmitters and monitored at successive arrays of submerged receivers during migration from five watersheds in three regions of the Bay of Fundy (BoF), Canada. Two of the regions had endangered inner BoF salmon populations. Migration success of postsmolts leaving the BoF varied widely among 13 groups monitored (3%−70%) and was influenced by behaviour and passage time. Region of origin was the key variable in habitat-specific survival models selected using the Akaike information criterion. Rearing origin, migration and release timing, and smolt size were important variables in some habitats. Estimated survival rates (overall and habitat specific) differed markedly among salmon populations of different regions. Mediocre estuarine survival of smolts (0.54) from the outer BoF region affected overall survival (0.66). Poor survival (0.21) in coastal areas of the distant inner BoF region and mediocre survival in other habitats resulted in low overall survival (0.06) that severely limited the potential for population recovery. Potential predators were abundant in habitats where survival was lowest. High survival of salmon from the intermediate inner BoF region in all habitats (0.81–0.93) was not responsible for their failure to return.

Emamectin benzoate is a safe and effective anthelmintic against coelomic nematode Philometra rubra in striped bass Morone saxatilis

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
K Béland ◽  
G Séguin ◽  
S Lair
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Striped Bass ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Morone Saxatilis ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Emamectin Benzoate ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Fish Hatchery ◽  
Parasitic Burden

An unusually high mortality rate due to verminous (Philometra rubra) coelomitis was documented in wild-hatched striped bass Morone saxatilis raised in a fish hatchery as part of a stock restoration program. To decrease the parasitic burden and therefore potentially minimize mortality, the effectiveness of 2 different anthelmintics was evaluated. Two trials were conducted on wild-collected fingerlings naturally infected by P. rubra. In 2006, 144 yearling fish were randomly assigned to 4 experimental groups: (1) levamisole (Levasol®) at 2 mg l-1 via immersion for 8 h once weekly for 3 wk; (2) levamisole at a dose of 2.5 mg kg-1 biomass via feed once daily for 7 d; (3) emamectin benzoate (Slice®) at a dose of 0.05 mg kg-1 biomass via feed once daily for 7 d; and (4) control. Emamectin successfully eliminated live nematodes in 84.9% of the fish, whereas the administration of levamisole, either via immersion or feed, was not successful in significantly reducing the number of live P. rubra. In 2007, the administration of the same dosage of emamectin to approximately 1000 naturally infected yearling striped bass was associated with a 100% mortality rate of P. rubra in the 30 fish randomly examined 5 wk after the beginning of the treatment. Results of these trials indicate that, at the dosage used, the administration of emamectin at the end of the summer is safe for striped bass yearlings and considerably reduces the prevalence and intensity of the infection by this parasite.

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