Induced Breeding of Freshwater Fishes and Cost Benefit Analysis of a Selected Fish Hatchery in Jashore, Bangladesh

An investigation was carried out to know the induced breeding techniques of some firewater fish species such as rui (Labeo rohita), catla (Catla catla), silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), common carp (Cyprinus carpio), bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis), sharpunti (Puntius sarana) and bata (Labeo bata) at Ma Fatima Fish Hatchery in Chanchra, Jashore, Bangladesh. The cost-benefit analysis was also performed on this hatchery for three months from May to July, 2016. The brood fishes purchased from different local sources were used for spawning. The hatchery mainly practiced induced breeding by maintaining proper age and weight of brood stock during spawning. The ranges of fertilization and hatching rates of the experimental fishes were 80.04±1.44 % to 94.35±0.54% and 75.34±3.49% to 88.68±2.76%, respectively. Total spawn production was 960, 862 and 734 kg, and the total revenue income from spawn sell was BDT 2,883,500, 2,355,100 and 1,844,800 (BDT 85 = 1 US$) in May, June and July, respectively. Estimated capital cost was BDT 87,90,000, while the operating costs were BDT 1,810,650; 1,555,105 and 1,267,680 in May, June and July, respectively. The calculated cost-benefit ratios in May, June and July were 1.59, 1.51 and 1.46, respectively. The hatchery got the highest net profit of BDT (Bangladeshi Taka) 1,041,906 in May due to the highest production and higher price of spawn, and the lowest profit of BDT 546,176 was obtained in July. So, May was found to be the peak breeding month of Ma Fatima Hatchery. The estimated cost-benefit ratio indicated that the spawn production through induced breeding techniques was profitable for the hatchery owners.

Methods and Profitability of Fish Hatchery Enterprise in India

Enterprise is the key foundation for any start-up or business as it provides scopes to the economic growth of individuals as well as the countries. A fish hatchery is a reliable enterprise with a sustainable good economic return. To maintain the proper and timely supply of the spawns to the fisheries industries the hatcheries should perform their activities over the year. A study in the West Bengal state of India shows that a substantial economic return can be obtained from a fish hatchery. It was also seen that the benefit-cost ratio is also greater than one (1.73). Though further research scope and enhancement of technologies can strengthen the enterprise with more profitability.

STATUS OF FISH HATCHERY AND NURSERY MANAGEMENT IN, DHANUSHA, NEPAL

The study was conducted to overview status of fish hatchery and nursery management. The main occupation of owners is hatchery business and 23% owners run as side business. 23% of respondents reared fifteen species including major seven species Rupchand, Puntius, Basai, Bhagi, Bata, Magur and Black carp. 30.8% respondents use brood stock from other hatchery of different place for cross breeding to reduce stress, inbreeding depression and to increase disease resistance, growth, performance and production. 61.53% respondents do not monitor the pond to check water quality pararameters like DO, pH and turbidity of water. The average hatchlings, fish fry and fingerling survivality was found 31.10%, 57% and 64% respectively. The problem encountered were flood, predator, unavailability of feed, hormone, fertilizer, skilled manpower and water shortage. The B/C ratio in private hatchery was 1.59 and 1.31 in government hatchery. Most of the respondents use motorcycle (53.8%) as means of transportation of fish seed. The main severe disease was learnaea followed by argulus. The inputs used in nursery management were less than that of recommended dose. High stocking density of fingerlings found (546.15kg/kattha). 69.23% of respondents sold fish, fry and fingerlings to distant market and 30.8% of fish farmers sold their fish seed products in local market. About 75%, 20% and 5% of hatchery fish seed production transferred through channel 1, channel 2 and channel 3 respectively. The problems faced in market were trader monopoly followed by open boarder, road inaccessibility, transportation loss and lack of market information

Comparative characteristics of the conditions for harvesting, transportation and spawning of pike perch in fish farms in Kazakhstan

A description of biotechnical methods of harvesting pike perch in natural reservoirs, methods of catching pike perch spawners, keeping in adaptation cages and transporting pike perch from fishing sites to the farm is given. Pike perch breeders were caught from the reservoirs with fixed and floating nets during the period: in the Kapshagai reservoir from 10 to 20 April; in the Syrdarya river — from April 20 to May 5. The adaptation was carried out in cages located in the coastal zone. Transportation to the fish farm was carried out in live fish tanks with a volume of 1 and 3 m³ with water aeration. The reproduction of pike perch was carried out in two fish farms of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The data on spawning of pike perch in two ways are given: in cages on nests; as well as the receipt of reproduction products by the factory method from “flowing” producers. In the first case, females and males were placed in cages in a ratio of 1:1 and 1:2; a spawning nest was installed in each cage and spawning was monitored. In the second case, from the “flowing” pike perch breeders ready for spawning, reproductive products (eggs and sperm) were obtained, fertilization and degluing were carried out with a suspension of white clay. The monitoring of hydrochemical indicators was constantly carried out, the dates of the beginning and end of spawning of pike perch were determined. The article presents the fish-breeding and biological characteristics of pike perch producers participating in spawning. The mass of spawned pike perch females in LLP “Halyk Balyk” ranged from 2 kg to 2.5 kg, males — 1.5–2.5 kg; females weighing 2.1–2.6 kg were used in the Republican State Enterprise “Kamyshly-Bashsky Fish Hatchery”; males — from 1.2 kg to 2.4 kg. Based on the results of the research, biotechnical standards were developed for the preparation of pike perch producers in water bodies, for transportation to fish farms, standards for spawning of pike perch in various ways.

First Record of Apiosoma doliaris (Timofeev, 1962) Lom, 1966 (Ciliophora: Epistylidae) from Two Species of Fishes in Basrah Province, Iraq

The ciliophoran parasite Apiosoma doliaris (Timofeev, 1962) Lom, 1966 was detected from the gills of fry of both grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella and common carp Cyprinus carpio during May 2018 at the ponds of Marine Science Centre Fish Hatchery, University of Basrah.. In the present study a brief description of A. doliaris was given. The occurrence of this species represents its first record in Iraq.

Sakhalin Sturgeon Аcipenser mikadoi (Hilgendorf, 1892): Searching for Technology of Artificial Propagation in Aquaculture

It shows searching for a solution to the issue of the stock rebuilding of the Red List species — the Sakhalin sturgeon. It describes the results of the expedition to the Tumnin river aimed at brood fish procurement and optimization of the technology for its reproduction together with the brood fish grown in aquaculture. It lists the morphological characteristics and fish-cultural and bio-data of the spawner caught in the Tumnin river and the milters grown at the Anyuy Sturgeon Fish Hatchery. A method for the obtainment of reproductive products, hatching and juvenile fish growning is described. As a result of sampling for biopsy, it has been found that the coefficient of oocytesʼ nucleus polarization was 7.4 on the average. The hormonal preparation surfagon was used for sex products stimulation at males and a female. The female ovulated in 12 hours after permitting injection. It was managed to get 2,378 g eggs on the average 87.6 per cent of fertilization. The average ejaculate volume was 455 ml. The spermatozoon mobility at mean 14 °C temperature made up 208 sec. A double fertilization method was used at fertilization of an eggs part, moreover the eggs received were of a high piscicultural quality (99%). The average diameter of swollen eggs was maximum 6.8 mm and minimum 6.6 mm after fertilization. The larvae production made up to 30%, i.e. 27,850 of incubated eggs. 1000 ongrown fry were stocked into the Tumnin river, the last juveniles were directed to fish cultural farms of Russia with a view to form there recruitment-and-brood stocks. According to results of experimental works, done in the Anyuy Fish Hatchery, the first provisional technology of work was recommended on fertilized eggs production from the Sakhalin sturgeon spawners after the schema “a wild female + farmed males” by a method of a double fertilization with the increased exposition time.

Coastal complex for growing fish planting material for stocking high-eftrophic reservoirs (on the example of the Veselovsky reservoir on the Western Manych River)

The purpose of the study is to substantiate the creation and use of drivedriven fish-breeding and reclamation complexes that provide fish-breeding development and biological reclamation of eutrophic water bodies (reservoirs and lakes). The need to create drive-storage fish-breeding and reclamation complexes is determined by the need to involve eutrophied inland water bodies in the fisheries turnover and conduct environmental improvement. One of the typical arid natural-climatic zones is the Veselovsky reservoir on the Western Manych River, the survey of which established the need to clean it from excess vegetation. The measures carried out on the reservoir for the introduction of herbivorous fish do not give results and do not lead to the expected reclamation effect. The main disadvantages of the applied technologies of fish-breeding activities at the reservoir are the use of fish-planting material that is not adapted to the conditions of the stocked water body, as well as a number of technological disadvantages of various processes. To eliminate them, it is proposed to organize the Veselovsky fish-breeding and reclamation complex, which includes a fish hatchery located directly next to it, providing the cultivation of fish-planting material adapted to the conditions of the stocked reservoir using non-contact technology of cultivation and stocking with technical means, and carrying out acclimatization measures. The structure of the fish hatchery provides for the construction of a cascade of outgrowth pools with regulated conditions of the aquatic environment and food regime. The different-height arrangement of fish-breeding pools on the slope section allows for non-contact intra-complex movement of fish and the release of fish-planting material into the acclimatization bay of the stocked reservoir. The maintenance system provides for the gradual rearing of young fish in fish-breeding pools with the most close to the conditions of the stocked reservoir physical and chemical conditions of the habitat and a different ratio in the diet of hydrobionts of artificial and natural food.

FINANCIAL ANALYSIS OF TILAPIA (O. niloticus) FRY BUSINESS ACTIVITY AT THE KLEMUNAN FISH FRY CENTER, BLITAR DISTRICT

<p><em>Tilapia (O. niloticus) fish hatchery activity is a fishery business unit developed at the Klemunan Fish Fry Center (BBI), Blitar Regency. The purpose of this study was to determine the financial value and profit of the tilapia (O. niloticus) hatchery at the Klemunan Fish Fry Center (BBI), Blitar Regency. The research method used in this research is a survey research method with research data collection in 3 ways : active participation interviews, and observations. The financial analysis indicators analyzed are business profitability variables, R/C Ratio, Rentabilitas, Break Event Point (BEP) units and BEP sales. Based on the results of the financial analysis, the business profit value is Rp. 11.170.000,-, R/C Ratio at 8.81, BEP Unit at 58.6, BEP Sales Rp. 2,349,290, -, and business profitability of 49.9%, where the value of these indicators is very feasible because the numbers meet the criteria for a profitable business. So, from this research it can be concluded that based on business financial analysis which includes profitability analysis, R/C Ratio, BEP Unit, BEP Sales, and rantabilitas business, tilapia (O. niloticus) hatchery business activities at BBI Klemunan are very profitable and prospective to be developed.</em></p>