Weed management in adzuki bean: a review

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 1221-1233
Author(s):  
K. Belfry ◽  
P.H. Sikkema
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Adzuki Bean ◽  
Field Crop ◽  
Potential Utility ◽  
Control Data ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Crop Tolerance ◽  
The World ◽  
Need To Evaluate

Adzuki bean is a niche market, high-value field crop suited to the temperate growing regions of the world. Adzuki bean lacks early season vigour and thus early season weed control is critical for profitable production. Efficacious application of preplant incorporated (PPI), preemergence (PRE), and, to a lesser degree, postemergence (POST) herbicides have been documented, however, the number of registered herbicides is currently limited due to the sensitivity of adzuki bean crops. In addition to the currently registered products, the literature shows the potential utility of cloransulam-methyl or halosulfuron applied PPI and (or) PRE, and imazamox or acifluorfen applied POST in adzuki. Furthermore, growers should avoid atrazine, metribuzin, EPTC, pethoxamid, pyroxasulfone, clomazone, flumioxazin, sulfentrazone, alachlor, dimethenamid-P, and S-metolachlor applied PPI and (or) PRE, and halosulfuron, thifensulfuron-methyl, and bentazon applied POST, due to poor adzuki bean tolerance to these herbicides. While crop tolerance research represents a growing body of work, there is a paucity of available weed control data to assist growers. The persistence of volunteer adzuki bean is a significant hurdle for adzuki bean growers. However, crop and herbicide mode-of-action rotation, in combination with early-season [PPI and (or) PRE] control, have demonstrated success. There is an ongoing need to evaluate weed control and expand the number of registered herbicides for adzuki bean growers.

Weed Management with Glyphosate- and Glufosinate-Based Systems in PHY 485 WRF Cotton

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jared R. Whitaker ◽  
Alan C. York ◽  
David L. Jordan ◽  
A. Stanley Culpepper
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Palmer Amaranth ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Crop Tolerance ◽  
The North ◽  
Annual Grasses ◽  
Resistance Trait ◽  
Cotton Belt

Glyphosate-resistant (GR) Palmer amaranth has become a serious pest in parts of the Cotton Belt. Some GR cotton cultivars also contain the WideStrike™ insect resistance trait, which confers tolerance to glufosinate. Use of glufosinate-based management systems in such cultivars could be an option for managing GR Palmer amaranth. The objective of this study was to evaluate crop tolerance and weed control with glyphosate-based and glufosinate-based systems in PHY 485 WRF cotton. The North Carolina field experiment compared glyphosate and glufosinate alone and in mixtures applied twice before four- to six-leaf cotton. Additional treatments included glyphosate and glufosinate mixed withS-metolachlor or pyrithiobac applied to one- to two-leaf cotton followed by glyphosate or glufosinate alone on four- to six-leaf cotton. All treatments received a residual lay-by application. Excellent weed control was observed from all treatments on most weed species. Glyphosate was more effective than glufosinate on glyphosate-susceptible (GS) Palmer amaranth and annual grasses, while glufosinate was more effective on GR Palmer amaranth. Annual grass and GS Palmer amaranth control by glyphosate plus glufosinate was often less than control by glyphosate alone but similar to or greater than control by glufosinate alone, while mixtures were more effective than either herbicide alone on GR Palmer amaranth. Glufosinate caused minor and transient injury to the crop, but no differences in cotton yield or fiber quality were noted. This research demonstrates glufosinate can be applied early in the season to PHY 485 WRF cotton without concern for significant adverse effects on the crop. Although glufosinate is often less effective than glyphosate on GS Palmer amaranth, GR Palmer amaranth can be controlled with well-timed applications of glufosinate. Use of glufosinate in cultivars with the WideStrike trait could fill a significant void in current weed management programs for GR Palmer amaranth in cotton.

Weed management with CGA-362622 in transgenic and nontransgenic cotton

Weed Science ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 1002-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dunk Porterfield ◽  
John W. Wilcut ◽  
Jerry W. Wells ◽  
Scott B. Clewis
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Palmer Amaranth ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Crop Tolerance ◽  
Prickly Sida ◽  
Smooth Pigweed

Field studies conducted at three locations in North Carolina in 1998 and 1999 evaluated crop tolerance, weed control, and yield with CGA-362622 alone and in combination with various weed management systems in transgenic and nontransgenic cotton systems. The herbicide systems used bromoxynil, CGA-362622, glyphosate, and pyrithiobac applied alone early postemergence (EPOST) or mixtures of CGA-362622 plus bromoxynil, glyphosate, or pyrithiobac applied EPOST. Trifluralin preplant incorporated followed by (fb) fluometuron preemergence (PRE) alone or fb a late POST–directed (LAYBY) treatment of prometryn plus MSMA controlled all the weed species present less than 90%. Herbicide systems that included soil-applied and LAYBY herbicides plus glyphosate EPOST or mixtures of CGA-362622 EPOST plus bromoxynil, glyphosate, or pyrithiobac controlled broadleaf signalgrass, entireleaf morningglory, large crabgrass, Palmer amaranth, prickly sida, sicklepod, and smooth pigweed at least 90%. Only cotton treated with these herbicide systems yielded equivalent to the weed-free check for each cultivar. Bromoxynil systems did not control Palmer amaranth and sicklepod, pyrithiobac systems did not control sicklepod, and CGA-362622 systems did not control prickly sida.

scholarly journals Weed Management Strategies in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum): A Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akashdeep Singh ◽  
S. S. Rana ◽  
Anju Bala
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Basic Requirement ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
The World ◽  
Hand Weeding

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) is one of the most important pulse crops but it’s productivity in India is quite low. There are various reasons for low productivity. Weed control is the basic requirement and the major component of crop management. Weeds on an average reduce the crop yield by 40-87 per cent. Deciding time to control weeds requires detailed knowledge of the weed populations in the field. Different management practices like altering spacing, competitive cultivars, etc. can help in enhancing the productivity. With the world entering the precision-farming era, more emphasis is being put on the use of post-emergence herbicides. Application of two or more herbicide at the same time or as a double knockdown and integrating with hand-weeding provides desirable control of different weed species besides reducing the hazard of chemical weed control.

scholarly journals 619 Temporal and Spatial Weed Control Effects on Tart Cherry Orchards

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 554C-554
Author(s):  
Yahya K. Al-Hinai ◽  
Teryl R. Roper
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Tart Cherry ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Cherry Orchard ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
June July ◽  
Postemergence Herbicides

This experiment was conducted to determine temporal and spatial weed management characteristics for tart cherry orchards. Annual ryegrass and lambsquarter were planted in tree rows of a 14-year-old tart cherry orchard. Vegetation was controlled with nonresidual herbicides (Gramoxone + B-1956) either all season, May, June, July, August, before harvest, after harvest, or not controlled. Shoot growth measurements showed significantly more growth by trees without weed competition during the entire season, May, June, and before harvest compared to the weedy control and postharvest, July, or August treatments. Weedy early season plots reduced the shoot growth by half. All season, before harvest, May, and June weed-free plots showed higher amounts of leaf N compared with weedy controls or late-season treatments. Early season weed control is more important than late season. Vegetation-free areas of 0, 2, 3, and 4 m2 were maintained during 1998 by postemergence herbicides. Tissue analysis showed higher N concentration in leaves with vegetation controlled to 2 m2 or more compared to the weedy control. The critical vegetation free area for young cherry trees is between 0 and 2 m2.

Weed management at the time of perennial cereal rye establishment

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 457-462
Author(s):  
J. R. Moyer ◽  
S. N. Acharya ◽  
Z. Mir
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Annual Grass ◽  
Cereal Rye ◽  
Crop Tolerance ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
New Crop

Perennial cereal rye (PC rye) is a new crop that is being developed at the Lethbridge Research Centre for the production of silage for cattle. Its ability to compete with weeds during establishment and tolerance to herbicides for weed control was unknown. Therefore, experiments were established with PC rye, and several herbicide treatments were applied to test crop tolerance and weed control. PC rye was not injured by bromoxynil/MCPA, 2,4-D, thifensulfuron/tribenuron, fenoxaprop, clodinafop-propargyl, and tralkoxydim. Combinations of herbicides for broadleaf weed control and annual grass control usually reduced weed dry matter (DM) to < 5 g m-2 in the establishment year. Weeds made up 20 to 36% of the total DM when herbicides were not applied. However, this level of weed content did not affect the digestibility of the forage samples or the total DM produced as weed DM compensated for reduced PC rye yield in weedy plots. Also, the presence of weeds during establishment of PC rye did not affect weed content or PC rye yields the year after establishment. Key words: Acid detergent fibre, digestibility, neutral detergent fibre, perennial cereal rye, weed control, yield

scholarly journals Potential Weed Management Systems for Organic Peanut Production

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Carroll Johnson ◽  
Benjamin G. Mullinix
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Clove Oil ◽  
Poor Control ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Annual Grasses ◽  
Peanut Production ◽  
Four Levels

Abstract Studies were conducted near Tifton, GA to develop weed management systems for organic peanut production. Trials in 2004 and 2005 evaluated row patterns (two levels), remedial weed control (four levels), and cultivation (three levels). Row patterns were wide rows (91 cm apart) and narrow rows (30 cm apart). Remedial weed control was early-season applications of clove oil, citric plus acetic acid, broadcast propane flaming, and a nontreated control. Cultivation regimes were 1X or 2X sweep cultivation and a non-cultivated control. The experimental sites had heavy natural infestations of annual grasses and broadleaf weeds. None of the treatment combinations effectively controlled weeds season-long and resulting peanut yields were poor. Annual grasses were particularly troublesome due to ineffective control from flaming and citric plus acetic acid. Clove oil was slightly more effective in controlling annual grasses than the other remedial treatments, but annual grass control was still unacceptable. Dicot weeds were not effectively controlled by mid-season, although clove oil and flaming controlled the seedling weeds early season. The lack of residual weed control by the remedial weed control treatments resulted in heavy weed infestations by mid-season. Poor control of annual grasses, no residual weed control, and high cost of remedial treatments indicates that these systems of weed management in organic peanut production are not suited to sites with heavy weed infestations.

Compatibility and Efficiency of In-Row Cultivation for Weed Management in Corn (Zea mays)

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 754-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark J. Vangessel ◽  
Edward E. Schweizer ◽  
Donald W. Lybecker ◽  
Phil Westra
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Bioeconomic Model ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Annual Weeds ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Management Tactics

Information on the effects of multiple weed management tactics in corn is needed to develop integrated weed management systems. The effectiveness and compatibility of an in-row cultivator as compared to a standard interrow cultivator used with reduced rates of a soil-applied herbicide, rotary hoeing, and/or a bioeconomic model for POST herbicide selection was examined. Weed control with a single rotary hoeing at corn emergence controlled annual weeds similarly to two rotary hoeings. One-third recommended use rate of alachlor controlled weeds similarly to a two-thirds rate. Reduced rates of alachlor controlled more weeds than rotary hoeing over 2 yr. The in-row cultivator required early-season weed control (rotary hoeing or reduced alachlor rate) for optimum efficacy. The in-row cultivator provided better weed control than the standard cultivator while the cost of operating the two cultivators was similar. Thus, the in-row cultivator was more efficient than the standard cultivator. Furthermore, less intensive early-season weed control was required with the in-row cultivator for maximum weed control as compared to the standard cultivator. Rotary hoeing plus the in-row cultivator provided similar weed control to other weed management tactics that required both soil-applied and POST herbicides. Gross margin was influenced more by corn yield than cost of weed management tactics.

scholarly journals Integrated Management of Weeds in Direct-Seeded Rice in Cambodia

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1557
Author(s):  
Robert Martin ◽  
Bunna Som ◽  
Joel Janiya ◽  
Ratha Rien ◽  
Sophea Yous ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Weed Suppression ◽  
Crop Damage ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Crop Tolerance ◽  
Direct Seeded

The objective of this work was to determine the value of improved establishment methods and herbicide applications as alternatives to high seeding rates to improve weed suppression in rice. Field experiments were carried out in 2010 and 2011 to determine optimal seeding rates and seeding methods with and without weed competition in wet-seeded rice. Under wet seeding conditions, drum seeding at 80 kg ha−1 was the most profitable treatment for both weed-free and unweeded rice. Although pre-emergence herbicides are beginning to be adopted in wet-seeded rice, they are seldom used in dry direct-seeded rice in Cambodia. Experiments were carried out in 2018 and 2019 to test crop tolerance and the efficacy of butachlor, oxadiazon, pendimethalin and pretilachlor applied post-sowing and pre-emergence to dry direct-seeded rice. Oxadiazon and butachlor, with the option for a post-emergence herbicide, provided effective weed control and a high grain yield in dry direct-seeded rice. Pretilachlor did not effectively control weeds under dry seeding conditions. Although pendimethalin exhibited good weed control, crop damage was a risk in poorly prepared seedbeds which typify Cambodian rice systems. With an effective integrated weed management strategy, it might be possible to safely reduce seeding rates below 80 kg ha−1 using drum or drill seeding machines.

Influence of Diclosulam Postemergence Application Timing on Weed Control and Peanut Tolerance

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 651-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesley J. Everman ◽  
Scott B. Clewis ◽  
Zachary G. Taylor ◽  
John W. Wilcut
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Common Ragweed ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Free Environment

Field studies were conducted at Lewiston–Woodville and Rocky Mount, NC in 2001 and 2002 to evaluate weed control and peanut response to POST treatments of diclosulam at various rates and application timings. Diclosulam controlled common ragweed and entireleaf morningglory when applied within 35 d after planting (DAP). Common ragweed 61 cm tall was controlled ≥92% with 4 to 13 g ai/ha diclosulam and larger common ragweed (107 to 137 cm tall) were controlled ≥97% with 27 g/ha diclosulam. Common lambsquarters was controlled 62% or less with all diclosulam POST treatments following metolachlor applied PRE, which provided 48% control. Peanut injury was less than 15% with all diclosulam POST treatments and was transitory. In separate studies, POST diclosulam treatments did not affect peanut yield in a weed-free environment. Peanut yield in weedy environments was reduced as the diclosulam application timing was delayed because of early season weed interference. A linear relationship was observed between yield and application timing with yield decreasing as application timing was delayed. This yield response documents the importance of early season weed management for maximizing peanut yield potential. Virginia peanut varieties were not affected by different POST rates of diclosulam; however, early season peanut injury showed a linear and quadratic relationship with diclosulam rate and was less than 14% at rates as high as 71 g/ha, and was not apparent by late season.

Carrot weed management programs without linuron herbicide

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (03) ◽  
pp. 490-494
Author(s):  
Jed B. Colquhoun ◽  
Richard A. Rittmeyer ◽  
Daniel J. Heider
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Wind Erosion ◽  
Careful Attention ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Crop Injury ◽  
Herbicide Programs

AbstractLinuron herbicide has been a mainstay of carrot weed management for years, but uncertainty around regulatory registration review and an increased prevalence of herbicide-resistant weeds have spurred interest in identifying alternatives that can be readily adopted in production. With this context in mind, herbicide programs were evaluated on a coarse-textured, low organic matter soil in 2015 and 2016. Season-long weed control without compromising yield was possible with weed management programs that included prometryn POST instead of linuron. With that said, a PRE herbicide such as pendimethalin was critical to establish an early-season competitive advantage for carrot plants over weeds, and careful attention should be paid to the prometryn rate, as selectivity is marginal. Carrot is often interseeded with a grain nurse crop to mitigate risk of wind erosion. Nurse crop injury was minimal where S-metolachlor, pendimethalin, or prometryn was applied at rates labeled for PRE use in carrot, with the exception of where prometryn was applied at rates above 1.1 kg ai ha−1.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document