Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) Populations in Northeastern North America: Genetic Differentiation and Affinities

1985 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 776-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Wright ◽  
Charles C. Krueger ◽  
Peter F. Brussard ◽  
Marjorie Collings Hail
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
North America ◽  
Petromyzon Marinus ◽  
Spatial Differentiation ◽  
Invasion History ◽  
Genetic Population ◽  
Upper Great Lakes ◽  
Northeastern North America ◽  
Sea Lampreys ◽  
Restrict Movement

We examined genetic population structure in 3253 sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) sampled at 53 sites in northeastern North America and the British isles. Hierarchical F-statistics of allozyme frequencies indicated that genetic divergence from lake to lake and river to river was greater than divergence among sites within fakes or rivers and also greater than that attributable to the separation of landlocked freshwater from coastal anadromous systems. Lampreys from different lakes varied considerably in the amount of spatial differentiation evident. New York freshwater populations of uncertain invasion history were no more genetically differentiated than were recently introduced upper Great Lakes populations. The apparent reproductive isolation of lampreys in Lake Erie from Lake Ontario populations, despite canal connections, suggests that movement is limited between lakes. Future studies should determine the cause so that management techniques to restrict movement can be developed to control populations.

Cytogeography of the Solidago spathulata–glutinosa complex (Compositae: Astereae)

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (11) ◽  
pp. 2458-2462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon S. Ringius ◽  
John C. Semple
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Lake Superior ◽  
Lake Huron ◽  
Chromosome Counts ◽  
Upper Great Lakes ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Northeastern North America ◽  
The Pacific

One hundred and eight new chromosome counts are reported for the Solidago spathulata–glutinosa complex: 49 diploids (2n = 18) and 59 tetraploids (2n = 36). Only diploids are known in S. spathulata, which occurs along the Pacific coast from southern California to northern Oregon. Diploids, tetraploids, and one hexaploid are known in S. glutinosa, which occurs across North America. Solidago glutinosa ssp. glutinosa is composed of diploids only and is widespread in the Rocky Mountains from Mexico to Alaska and across the Canadian prairies. It also occurs disjunctly on the northern shores of Lake Superior and Lake Huron and farther east on the Gaspé Peninsula in Quebec. Solidago glutinosa ssp. glutinosa var. chlorolepis was found to be diploid (first report). Tetraploids of S. glutinosa ssp. randii were found in scattered locations in northeastern North America and around most of the upper Great Lakes, where they occur sympatrically with diploid populations of ssp. glutinosa. A single hexaploid population of ssp. randii was reported previously from West Virginia; no hexaploids were encountered in this study.

scholarly journals Mollusca, Gastropoda, Ellobioidea, Carychium minimum O.F. Müller, 1774: filling gaps. New population record for the State of New York, Northeastern United States

Check List ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander M. Weigand ◽  
Adrienne Jochum
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
North America ◽  
The State ◽  
Northeastern United States ◽  
Northeastern North America

The current note reports two new populations of the introduced snail Carychium minimum O.F. Müller, 1774 at Ithaca, New York, USA. It confirms the naturalization of this species in Northeastern North America, which was previously known on drift material only.

scholarly journals Larval Sea Lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) Do Not Emigrate from a Risky Habitat Under Semi-natural Conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Jacqueline L. Ayotte ◽  
István Imre
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Management ◽  
Petromyzon Marinus ◽  
Sea Lamprey ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Upper Great Lakes ◽  
Sea Lampreys ◽  
Body Extract ◽  
Behavioural Manipulation

Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon marinus), invaded the upper Great Lakes in the early 20th century, precipitating abrupt declines ina number of native fish species. A recently proposed alternative method for the behavioural manipulation of Sea Lamprey populations is the use of conspecific damage-released alarm and predator cues as potential repellents. We examined whether larval Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) ammocoetes can be manipulated to emigrate from an area by labeling their habitat “risky” with the regular release of chemosensory alarm cues over several days. in a semi-natural laboratory environment, we exposed eight replicate groups of eight ammocoetes twice a day, for 7 days, to deionized water (control), ammocoete whole-body extract (damage-released alarm cue), and 2-phenylethylamine HCl (predator cue). None of the experimental stimuli induced emigration from the experimental arena. This approach does not hold any promise for ammocoete behavioural manipulation in the context of a Sea Lamprey integrated management program.

scholarly journals First Report of Pratylenchus neglectus in New York

Plant Disease ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Timper ◽  
B. B. Brodie
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
North America ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Pratylenchus Neglectus ◽  
Northeastern North America ◽  
First Report

Soil samples were collected from a field in Wyoming County near Portageville, NY, on 29 October 1992 and 23 November 1993. The field was planted with winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) from September 1991 to August 1992, and with potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cv. Superior from May 1993 to September 1993. Thirty-nine and 45 samples were collected along three transects in 1992 and 1993, respectively. Two species of Pratylenchus were identified, P. neglectus (Rensch) Filipjev & Sch. Stek. (identification confirmed by A. M. Golden) and P. penetrans (Cobb) Filipjev & Sch. Stek. Their combined population densities were 134 ± 18 (mean ± SE per 100 cm3 soil) in 1992 and 195 ± 12 in 1993. P. neglectus was found in all samples, whereas P. penetrans was found in 33 and 78% of the samples in 1992 and 1993, respectively. Where both species occurred together, the density of P. neglectus was 7 to 8 times that of P. penetrans. In both years, spores of a nematode-pathogenic bacterium (probably a Pasteuria sp.) were found attached to the cuticle of P. penetrans (68% with spores in 1993) but were rarely attached to P. neglectus (less than 1% with spores). Although both Pratylenchus spp. are widespread in North America, this is the first report of P. neglectus in New York. Its dominance in the field was unexpected because P. penetrans and P. crenatus Loof are typically the dominant Pratylenchus spp. in potato production regions of northeastern North America (1). The presence of the bacterium, which appeared to be host-specific for P. penetrans, may help explain the dominance of P. neglectus. Reference: (1) R. N. Huettel et al. Am. Potato J. 68:345, 1991.

scholarly journals Sawadaea tulasnei Powdery Mildew of Norway Maple (Acer platanoides) in Oregon

Plant Disease ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-281
Author(s):  
G. Stanosz ◽  
D. Smith
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
North America ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Acer Platanoides ◽  
Aesthetic Value ◽  
Norway Maple ◽  
Restrict Movement ◽  
Exotic Pathogen ◽  
The Aesthetic

In August 2012, Norway maple ‘Crimson Century’ trees affected by powdery mildew were observed in Portland, OR. A majority of leaves throughout the crowns on each of the five trees planted in the street terrace on one side of a single city block were affected. White mycelium was present in irregular, discrete, scattered spots or almost continuously on the upper surfaces of leaves and also was present on some petioles. The affected area of the upper surface of leaf blades was estimated to typically be >50%. Chasmothecia were present singly or in groups on the mycelium, and bore simple and bifid appendages (originating from the upper half of the chasmothecia) including some with uncinate or circinate apices that allowed tentative identification to the genus Sawadaea (1). Mean diameter of the chasmothecia was 160 (standard error [SE] = 3.9) μm, and mean appendage length was 72 (SE = 4.9) μm. Asci averaged 77 (SE = 1.2) × 52 (SE = 1.2) μm and ascospores averaged 24 (SE = 0.4) × 12 (SE = 0.3) μm. Braun (1) reported ranges in dimensions of these features as: chasmothecia, (min. 125) 140 to 190 μm; appendages, 40 to 80 μm; asci, 60 to 80 (max. 100) × (min. 30) 35 to 50 (max. 55) μm; and ascospores 15 to 25 (max. 30) × 10 to 15 μm. Nuclear rDNA sequence data was obtained for ITS1, 5.8S, and ITS2 regions using primers PMITS1 and PMITS2. A BLASTn search revealed that the data (430 bp) obtained (GenBank Accession No. KF258718) exactly matched respective sequences of Sawadaea tulasnei (AB193363, AB193385, AB193390, AB193391, and EU247884), and differed from respective sequence data for S. bicornis (AB193380) by 22 nucleotides. S. tulasnei is a European species previously found on maples including Acer platanoides. However, this pathogen has been reported only rarely in North America in the states of New York, Ohio, and Wisconsin, and the province of Quebec (2,3,4). Although not likely to seriously affect the growth or survival of established trees, severe powdery mildew can detract from the aesthetic value of trees. Further, S. tulasnei might seriously damage small seedlings, and detection of this exotic pathogen in nurseries should restrict movement of stock. To our knowledge, this is the first report of S. tulasnei in western North America, and it indicates the distribution of this pathogen is transcontinental. Specimens have been deposited in the U.S. National Fungus Collections (BPI 892675). References (1) U. Braun. The Powdery Mildews (Erysiphales) of Europe. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena-Stuttgart-New York, 1995. (2) S. Hirose, et al. Mycol. Res. 109:912, 2005. (3) B. Hudelson, et al. Plant Dis. 92:485, 2008. (4) J. Weiland and G. Stanosz. Plant Dis. 90:830, 2006.

COUPLING LITHIC SOURCING WITH LEAST COST PATH ANALYSIS TO MODEL PALEOINDIAN PATHWAYS IN NORTHEASTERN NORTH AMERICA

2018 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 462-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan C. Lothrop ◽  
Adrian L. Burke ◽  
Susan Winchell-Sweeney ◽  
Gilles Gauthier
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
North America ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Least Cost Path ◽  
Gis Modeling ◽  
Northeastern North America ◽  
Hudson Valley ◽  
Least Cost Path Analysis

Projections of Paleoindian range mobility in the late Pleistocene are typically inferred from straight-line distances between toolstone sources and sites where artifacts of these raw materials have been found. Often, however, these sourcing assessments are not based on geologic analysis, raising the issue of correct source ascription. If sites of similar age can be linked to a toolstone source through geologic study, and direct procurement of toolstone can be inferred, geographic information systems (GIS) modeling of travel routes between the source and those sites can reveal route segments of annual rounds and aspects of landscape use. In the Hudson Valley of eastern New York, Paleoindian peoples exploited Normanskill chert outcrops for toolstone during the late Pleistocene. Here, we combine X-ray fluorescence sourcing results that link Normanskill chert artifacts at Paleoindian sites to the West Athens Hill source outcrop in the Hudson Valley with GIS least cost path analysis to model seasonal pathways of late Pleistocene peoples in northeastern North America.

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