Fish Introductions in Europe with Particular Reference to its Central and Eastern Part

1991 ◽  
Vol 48 (S1) ◽  
pp. 13-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juraj Holčík
Keyword(s):  
Exotic Species ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Algal Bloom ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Subsistence Fisheries ◽  
Fish Introductions ◽  
Bloom Control ◽  
Native Fishes

At least 134 exotic and/or translocated fish species belonging to 34 families which were introduced to 29 of 33 European countries are documented. These include 35 species of Cyprinidae (introduced to 28 countries), 17 Salmonidae (28), 11 Coregonidae (12), 10 Cichlidae (8), six Centrarchidae (23), five Acipenseridae (8), four Ictaluridae (18), four Poeciliidae (11), four Percidae (9), four Mugilidae (1), three Catostomidae (6), three Gasterosteidae (5), two Anguillidae (3), two Atherinidae (2), two Clariidae (4), two Gobiidae (2), two Umbridae (6), two Pleuronectidae (1), two Thymallidae (3) and one species each of Anabantidae (1), Channidae (2), Clupeidae (1), Cobitidae 91), Eleotridae (1), Engraulidae (1), Esocidae (3), Mullidae (1), Osmeridae (1), Percichthyidae (1), Petromyzontidae (1), Polyodontidae (2), Siluridae (5), and Syngnathidae (1). True exotic species amount to 74 species/forms belonging to 21 families, of which 11 families are exotic for Europe. The remaining 60 species (21 families), are native in Europe and were translocated among various watersheds and/or countries. Most species were intentionally released since 1945 to enhance sport, commercial and subsistence fisheries, for fish farming and aquaculture, and for purposes such as mosquito, macrophytes and algal bloom control. Poor success was registered in most cases, along with adverse or unexpected effects on native fishes and their habitat.

U.S. State's View and Regulations on Fish Introductions

1991 ◽  
Vol 48 (S1) ◽  
pp. 167-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J. Wingate
Keyword(s):  
Exotic Species ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Good Thing ◽  
Political Pressure ◽  
Fish Introductions ◽  
Genetic Strains

A survey of the poiicy of 50 U.S. states on transplanted fish introductions and stocking fish of different genetic strains indicates that all 39 responding states control exotic introductions. While 67% of the responding states restrict in-state movement of fish species, more attention is being given to restricting in-state strain movement. More needs to be done. Native species are stocked on top of reproducing populations and moved among watersheds; exotic species are introduced. In some cases, these stockings have appeared to benefit all interested parties, while in other circumstances exotics have totally disrupted ecosystems and become pests. These introductions and stockings are a combination of the fish being available, misunderstanding by managers of possible effects, and strong political pressure to satisfy anglers in more and more waters. Many times, little attention is given to the effect of these introductions on the native biota and fauna as it is perceived that stocking fish is a good thing. It is not until problems develop or anglers want another species added that the wisdom or success of these stockings is questioned. Minnesota's policy is that fish are not moved between watersheds until genetic similarities of the various species in the different watersheds are demonstrated.

scholarly journals The first unified inventory of non-native fishes of the South Caucasian countries, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia

2021 ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Tatia Kuljanishvili ◽  
Levan Mumladze ◽  
Bella Japoshvili ◽  
Namig Mustafayev ◽  
Shaig Ibrahimov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Native Fish ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Native Fishes

The South Caucasus (SC) region is recognized for its high biological diversity and various endemic animal taxa. The area has experienced many fish introductions over the years, but the overall information about non-native fishes in the three SC countries, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia did not exist. Although these three countries belong to the Kura River drainage, Caspian Sea basin (only the western half of Georgia drains into the Black Sea), the legislative framework for each country regarding introduction of non-native fish species and their treatment is different and poorly developed. The goal of the present study was to make an initial inventory of non-native fish species in the three SC countries, and summarize the existing knowledge as a basis for future risk assessment models and formulation of regional management policies. Here, we present a unified list of 27 non-native species recorded in the wild in Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia. Among these 27 species, eight were translocated from the Black Sea basin to the Caspian Sea basin. Out of these 27 non-native fishes, 15 species have become established (three of them being considered invasive) and six fish species could not survive in the wild.

Polyculture in fish farming as a method of preventing fish diseases

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-40
Author(s):  
Grigory Emelyanovich Servetnik
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Fish Habitat ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Fish Diseases ◽  
Host Body ◽  
Contagious Diseases

Methods of prevention of fish diseases are aimed at destroying parasites in the host body and in the fish habitat — in the reservoir (chemoprophylaxis, increasing fish resistance), at preventing parasites from entering the reservoir (limiting the import of fish, import of healthy fish, quarantine measures, etc.), as well as preventing their spread and entry into the host body. It is shown that polyculture is not only the most effective method of using the natural forage base of the reservoir and, as a result, increasing fish productivity, but also a means of preventing mass infectious and other fish diseases. To prevent mass infectious diseases of fish and death from them both in safe and unfavorable ponds of carp fish farms, it is advisable to grow other fish species together with carp that do not suffer from diseases peculiar to carp. As a result, so-called sparse species plantings of fish are created in the ponds, while the total biomass remains high. At the same time, the natural food supply of ponds is most fully used and a kind of biological buffer is created that prevents the emergence and spread of contagious diseases. Polyculture can play a particularly important role in pond farms that already have certain problems with rubella, filometroidosis, botryocephalosis, carp pox, etc. Long-term studies of breeding herds in pond farms have shown that most of them have single foci of diseases, which, if there are optimal conditions for the pathogen, are ready to immediately respond with an outbreak of the disease or are generally quarantined for a particular fish disease. When determining the objects of polyculture, it is necessary to reduce the proportion of fish species that have a significant number of common diseases.

Ecological and Genetic Effects of Fish Introductions: Synthesis and Recommendations

1991 ◽  
Vol 48 (S1) ◽  
pp. 178-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred W. Allendorf
Keyword(s):  
Prior Information ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Fish Introductions ◽  
Symposium Review ◽  
Native Fishes ◽  
And Control ◽  
Competition Hybridization

The papers resulting from this symposium review the ecological and genetic effects of fish introductions throughout the world. Purposeful introductions rarely have achieved their objectives. Moreover, both intentional and unintentional introductions usually have been harmful to native fishes and other taxa through predation, competition, hybridization, and the introduction of diseases. We must learn from the past in order to avoid mistakes in the future. Introductions should not be used as a management tool without sufficient prior information and understanding to predict their effects. Introductions are often made or permitted because of the demands of certain interests groups (e.g., anglers or aquaculturists). Education of the public to the potential dangers and costs of such introductions is essential. Cooperation among management agencies is necessary to regulate and control both the purposeful and accidental introductions of fishes.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Presence of Total Aflatoxins and Aflatoxin B1 in Fish Farmed in Two Cameroonian Localities

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Julie J. Tsafack Takadong ◽  
Hippolyte T. Mouafo ◽  
Linda Manet ◽  
Annick M. B. Baomog ◽  
Jorelle J. B. Adjele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Fish Tissue ◽  
Competitive Elisa ◽  
Elisa Method ◽  
Fish Feeds ◽  
Aflatoxin B ◽  
State Of Art

This work aimed at assessing the presence of total aflatoxins (AFs) and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in fish farmed in two Cameroonian localities and the possible origin of that contamination through analysis of fish feeds as well as water and mud collected from the fish farming ponds. Four fish species (kanga, tilapia, catfish, and carp) were collected from two fish farming sites (Mfou and Batié). Mud and water from the farming ponds of the different species and the fish feeds used in these sites were also collected. The samples (34) were analyzed for their levels of AFs and AFB1 using the competitive ELISA method. The results obtained showed that all fish tissue contained AFs and AFB1. A level of AFs higher than the threshold value recommended by the FDA (20 ppb) was observed in catfish (31.38±0.29 ppb). AFs and AFB1 were presented in fish feeds as well as in muds collected from the farming ponds. Catfish was the fish species which mostly bioaccumulated aflatoxins in their tissue. This study presents the state of art on the mycotoxin contamination of fish farmed in some Cameroonian localities and suggests that attention should be paid to the quality of ingredients used to feed fish.

Biological aspects of fish species from subsistence fisheries in “Bons Sinais” estuary, Mozambique

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 101438
Author(s):  
Eudriano F.S. Costa ◽  
Jeremias Mocuba ◽  
Daniel Oliveira ◽  
Maria Alexandra Teodósio ◽  
Francisco Leitão
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Subsistence Fisheries ◽  
Biological Aspects

5.7 Integrated fish farming in developing countries

1981 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 311-316
Author(s):  
J. F. Muir
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Great Part ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
Year 2000 ◽  
By Products

The production of food through fish-farming or aquaculture has become an area of increasing interest in the developing world, as the potential of unused water resources is realised and the spread of appropriate techniques for suitable fish species is encouraged. From a production through aquaculture of 6 million tonnes or approximately 10% of current captive fisheries in 1976 (Pillay 1976), estimates of as high as 4O% by the year 2000 have been given (Bardach, Rhyther and McLarney, 1972), a great part of which will be from developing countries. Where resources are limited, techniques Of aquaculture which are integrated with conventional agricultural or industrial activities by using their wastes, or which provide useful by-products, are especially to be encouraged.

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