Comparative analysis of the IGF2 and ZBED6 gene variants and haplotypes reveals significant effect of growth traits in cattle

Genome ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 327-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Zhen Huang ◽  
Zhao-Yang Zhan ◽  
Yu-Jia Sun ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Ming-Xun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Missense Mutations ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Mutant Type ◽  
Cattle Breeds ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Different Ages

Muscle growth is a complex phenomenon regulated by many factors, whereby net growth results from the combined action of synthesis and turnover. Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) is a fetal growth and differentiation factor that plays an important role in muscle growth and in myoblast proliferation and differentiation; Zinc finger, BED-type containing 6 (ZBED6) is a novel transcription factor that was identified and shown to act as a repressor of IGF2 transcription in skeletal muscle. In this study, a total of seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified, four SNPs in intron 8 of IGF2 and one promoter SNP and two missense mutations in the coding region of ZBED6, two of which were in complete linkage disequilibrium (LD) in the bovine IGF2. The 58 haplotypes were inferred in 1522 individuals representing four purebred cattle breeds from China. The seven SNPs, 79 and 66 combined diplotypes were revealed for association with body mass in Nanyang and Jiaxian cattle populations at five different ages (P < 0.05 or 0.01). The mutant-type variants and haplotype 58 (likely in LD with the beneficial quantitative trait nucleotide allele) was superior for body mass; the heterozygote diplotype of the most common haplotypes 58 was associated with higher body mass compared to either heterozygote or homozygote. The statistical analyses indicated that the mutant-type variants and haplotypes are significantly associated with body mass in study cattle populations at different ages. These data demonstrate that variants and haplotypes are associated with growth traits, and these results may provide important biological insights into the phenotypic differentiation that is associated with adaptation and specialization of cattle breeds.

scholarly journals Function of the Porcine TRPC1 Gene in Myogenesis and Muscle Growth

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Yu Fu ◽  
Peng Shang ◽  
Bo Zhang ◽  
Xiaolong Tian ◽  
Ruixue Nie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transient Receptor Potential ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Receptor Potential ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential Channel ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Pig Breeds ◽  
Muscle Tissues ◽  
Transient Receptor

In animals, muscle growth is a quantitative trait controlled by multiple genes. Previously, we showed that the transient receptor potential channel 1 (TRPC1) gene was differentially expressed in muscle tissues between pig breeds with divergent growth traits base on RNA-seq. Here, we characterized TRPC1 expression profiles in different tissues and pig breeds and showed that TRPC1 was highly expressed in the muscle. We found two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (C-1763T and C-1604T) in TRPC1 that could affect the promoter region activity and regulate pig growth rate. Functionally, we used RNAi and overexpression to illustrate that TRPC1 promotes myoblast proliferation, migration, differentiation, fusion, and muscle hypertrophy while inhibiting muscle degradation. These processes may be mediated by the activation of Wnt signaling pathways. Altogether, our results revealed that TRPC1 might promote muscle growth and development and plays a key role in Wnt-mediated myogenesis.

scholarly journals Genetic variations of the bovine MX1 and their association with mastitis

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 157-167
Author(s):  
N. Chen ◽  
F. Wang ◽  
N. Yu ◽  
Y. Gao ◽  
J. Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Holstein Cattle ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Cattle Breeds ◽  
Chinese Cattle ◽  
Mx1 Gene

The primary agent of mastitis is a wide spectrum of bacterial strains; however, viral-related mastitis has also been reported. The MX dynamin-like GTPase 1 (MX1) gene has been demonstrated to confer positive antiviral responses to many viruses, and may be a suitable candidate gene for the study of disease resistance in dairy cattle. The present study was conducted to investigate the genetic diversity of the MX1 gene in Chinese cattle breeds and its effects on mastitis in Holstein cows. First, polymorphisms were identified in the complete coding region of the bovine MX1 gene in 14 Chinese cattle breeds. An association study was then carried out, utilizing polymorphisms detected in Holstein cows to determine the associations of these single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with mastitis. We identified 13 previously reported SNPs in Chinese domestic cattle and four of them in Holstein cattle. A novel 12 bp indel was also discovered in Holstein cattle. In addition, haplotype frequencies and linkage disequilibrium of four SNPs detected in Holstein cows were investigated. Analysis of these four SNPs in Chinese Holstein cows revealed two SNPs (g.143181370 T&gt;C and g.143182088 C&gt;T)<br /> significantly (P &lt; 0.05) associated with somatic cell score (SCS). The results indicated that SNPs in the MX1 gene might contribute to the variations observed in the SCS of dairy cattle. Therefore, implementation of these two mutations in selection indexes of the dairy industry might be beneficial by favouring the selection individuals with lower SCS.

scholarly journals Differential Expression of ACTL8 Gene and Association Study of Its Variations with Growth Traits in Chinese Cattle

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1068
Author(s):  
Cuicui Cai ◽  
Jiawei Xu ◽  
Yongzhen Huang ◽  
Xianyong Lan ◽  
Chuzhao Lei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expression Profile ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Tissue Expression ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Qinchuan Cattle ◽  
Base Level ◽  
Muscle Tissues ◽  
Tissue Expression Profile

Mutations are heritable changes at the base level of genomic DNA. Furthermore, mutations lead to genetic polymorphisms and may alter animal growth phenotypes. Our previous study found that mutations in the bovine Actin-like protein 8 (ACTL8) gene may be involved in muscle growth and development. This study explored several mutations of the ACTL8 gene and their influence on body size in Chinese beef cattle, as well as tested the tissue expression profile of the ACTL8 gene in Qinchuan cattle at different ages. Five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (including one synonymous mutation (c.2135552895G > A)) and two insertion/deletion polymorphisms (indels) were identified in the ACTL8 gene from 1138 cattle by DNA-seq, RFLP and other methods. Then, the expression profile of the ACTL8 gene in Qinchuan cattle showed that it was expressed in heart, spleen, lung, liver, muscle, and fat tissues. Moreover, the expression level of ACTL8 was increased with cattle growth (p < 0.01). The ACTL8 mRNA expression level in kidney and muscle tissues was the highest in the calves, while lowest in the fetal stage. Overall, we showed that the mutations could act as markers in beef molecular breeding and selection of the growth traits of cattle.

Exploring polymorphisms and associations of the bovine MOGAT3 gene with growth traits

Genome ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiajie Sun ◽  
Chunlei Zhang ◽  
Xianyong Lan ◽  
Chuzhao Lei ◽  
Hong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Growth Traits ◽  
Enzymatic Reaction ◽  
Fatty Acyl ◽  
Missense Mutations ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Dna Pooling ◽  
Qinchuan Cattle ◽  
Rate Limiting Step ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Acyl Coenzyme A

Monoacylglycerol acyltransferase (MGAT3, also known as MOGAT3) catalyzes the synthesis of diacylglycerol (DAG) using 2-monoacylglycerol and fatty acyl coenzyme A. This enzymatic reaction is believed to be an essential and rate-limiting step for the absorption of dietary fat in the small intestine. However, similar research for the bovine MOGAT3 gene is lacking. Therefore, in this paper, polymorphisms of the bovine MOGAT3 gene were detected in 1145 individuals from five cattle breeds by DNA pooling, PCR–RFLP, and DNA sequencing methods. The results showed that 26 novel SNPs were identified, which included 16 mutations in the coding region and the others in the introns. Additionally, association analysis between two missense mutations, g.A229G and g.G1627A, and growth traits in Nanyang cattle up to 2 years of age and adult Qinchuan cattle was performed. The results indicated that polymorphisms were significantly associated with Nanyang cattle, but no convincing associations were observed for Qinchuan cattle for the studied traits.

scholarly journals Detection of Polymorphisms in the MTNR1A Gene and Their Association with Reproductive Performance in Awassi Ewes

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 583
Author(s):  
Giovanni Cosso ◽  
Michella Nehme ◽  
Sebastiano Luridiana ◽  
Luisa Pulinas ◽  
Giulio Curone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Missense Mutations ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Awassi Sheep ◽  
Condition Score

The economy in Mediterranean areas is tightly linked to the evolution of the sheep-farming system; therefore, improvement in ewe’s reproductive performance is essential in the developing countries of this area. MTNR1A is the gene coding for Melatonin receptor 1 (MT1), and it is considered to be involved in the reproductive activity in sheep. The aims of this study were: (1) identifying the polymorphisms from the entire MTNR1A coding region and promoter in Lebanese Awassi sheep flocks, and (2) investigating the association between the found polymorphisms and the reproductive performance, assessed as lambing rate, litter size, and days to lambing (DTL). The study was conducted in two districts of Lebanon, where 165 lactating ewes, aged 5.2 ± 1.5 years, with body condition score (BCS) 3.3 ± 0.4, were chosen and exposed to adult and fertile rams. From 150 to 220 days after ram introduction, lambing dates and litter sizes were registered. This study provided the entire coding region of the MTNR1A receptor gene in the Awassi sheep breed. Thirty-one single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected, five of which were missense mutations. The H2, H3, and H4 haplotypes were associated with lower DTL (p < 0.05), as well as the SNPs rs430181568 and rs40738822721, named from now on SNP20 and SNP21, respectively. These SNPs were totally linked and can be considered as a single marker. The ewes carrying the C allele at both these polymorphic sites advanced their reproductive recovery (p < 0.05). These results are essential for improving reproductive management and obtaining advanced lambing in Awassi ewes.

Haplotype combination of SREBP-1c gene sequence variants is associated with growth traits in cattle

Genome ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 507-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Zhen Huang ◽  
Hua He ◽  
Jia-Jie Sun ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Zhuan-Jian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Traits ◽  
Regulatory Element ◽  
Large Deletion ◽  
Silent Mutation ◽  
Sequence Variants ◽  
Missense Mutations ◽  
Cattle Breeds ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Element Binding Protein ◽  
Strong Candidate

The aim of this study was to examine the association of the SREBP-1c polymorphism with growth traits in cattle breeds. Five sequence variants (SVs) were identified within the bovine sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c gene (SREBP-1c), using DNA sequencing, PCR, PCR–RFLP, and forced PCR–RFLP methods. These polymorphisms include three missense mutations (SV1, SV4, and SV5) in exons 7, 9, and 12, a silent mutation (SV3) in exon 9, and a large deletion (SV2) in intron 7. Overall, we report the validation of polymorphisms within the bovine SREBP-1c gene, and the haplotype variability and extent of linkage disequilibrium (LD) in 1061 individuals representing the five main cattle breeds from China. We also investigated haplotype frequencies and LD coefficients for five SVs in all study populations. LD and haplotype structure of SREBP-1c were different between breeds. The result of haplotype analysis of five SVs showed that 27 different haplotypes were identified by all breeds. Two haplotypes (Hap1 and Hap2) shared by all five populations accounted for 42.75%, 35.68%, 36.44%, 25.43%, and 96.26% of all haplotypes observed in the cattle breeds Nanyang, Qinchuan, Jiaxian, Jinnan, and Chinese Holstein, respectively. The statistical analyses indicated that one single SV and 38 combined haplotypes were significantly associated with growth traits in the Nanyang cattle population (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The results of this study suggest that the SREBP-1c gene possibly is a strong candidate gene that affects growth traits in the Chinese beef cattle breeding program.

scholarly journals Genetic variations in the Myostatin gene affecting growth traits in sheep

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 475-482
Author(s):  
Noha M. Osman ◽  
Heba I. Shafey ◽  
Mohamed A. Abdelhafez ◽  
Ahmed M. Sallam ◽  
Karima F. Mahrous
Keyword(s):  
Growth Traits ◽  
Direct Sequencing ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Myostatin Gene ◽  
Mstn Gene ◽  
First Intron

Background and Aim: Sheep productivity in developing countries is crucial, as this animal is an essential source of meat and wool. Myostatin (MSTN) plays an important role in the regulation of muscle mass through the regulation of muscle growth, differentiation, and regeneration. The present study sought to investigate genetic variation in the first intron of the MSTN gene and the association of variants with growth traits in major sheep breeds in Egypt (Barki, Ossimi, and Rahmani) and Saudi Arabia (Najdi) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing. Materials and Methods: Blood samples were collected, and DNA was extracted from 75 animals. A 386 bp fragment in the first intron of the MSTN gene was amplified using PCR. Polymorphic sites were detected using direct sequencing and then correlated with growth traits using a general linear model. Results: Sequence analysis of the first intron of MSTN gene identified six single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the studied breeds. Four mutual SNPs were determined: c.18 G>T, c.241 T>C, c.243 G>A, and c.259 G>T. In addition, two SNPs c.159 A>T and c.173 T>G were monomorphic (AA and TT, respectively) in the Ossimi, Rahmani, and Najdi breeds and polymorphic in the Barki breed. The association analysis revealed that the c.18 G>T and c.241 C>T significantly associated (p<0.05) with birth weight and average daily weight gain, respectively. Conclusion: Our results strongly support MSTN as a candidate gene for marker-assisted selection in sheep breeding programs. Furthermore, the identified variants may be considered as putative markers to improve growth traits in sheep.

scholarly journals Identification of genetic variants in differentially expressed sequences in cattle of different metabolic type – potential genetic markers of nutrient utilization

2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 324-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Schwerin ◽  
T. Goldammer ◽  
C. Kuehn ◽  
C. Walz ◽  
S. Ponsuksili
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Direct Sequencing ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Cattle Breeds ◽  
Specific Distribution ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
Body Parameters

Abstract. Two cattle breeds serve as a model to identify genes and genetic variants, respectively, that are potentially associated with nutrient transformation: Holsteins bred for high milk production mainly, and Charolais bred for high body weight with outstanding muscular growth. The major differences between Charolais and Holstein regarding many general body parameters originate from differences in pathways and deposition of nutrients. In an initial experiment, expressed sequence tags (ESTs) differentially displayed between both cattle breeds were isolated by mRNA differential display in liver and intestine. Of the in total identified 277 ESTs, 79 showing the most prominent differences, were screened for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Thirty four SNPs were detected in 30 ESTs In a direct sequencing approach based on the comparative sequencing of the corresponding amplicons generated by PCR from genomic DNA pools of 20 animals each of both cattle breeds,. Eighteen of these SNPs showed breed specific distribution of allelic variants. Occurrence of ESTs with a breed specific SNP distribution and localisation of the respective ESTs to chromosome regions known to be affecting carcass and growth traits in cattle suggest a trait association of the respective SNPs. The polymorphic nature of the SNP markers suggests that they will be useful for evaluating whether variation in these genomic regions influences nutrient pathways in cattle.

scholarly journals The AlpacaMelanocortin 1 Receptor: Gene Mutations, Transcripts, and Relative Levels of Expression in Ventral Skin Biopsies

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bathrachalam Chandramohan ◽  
Carlo Renieri ◽  
Vincenzo La Manna ◽  
Antonietta La Terza
Keyword(s):  
Coat Color ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Missense Mutations ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Skin Biopsies ◽  
Ventral Skin

The objectives of the present study were to characterize theMC1Rgene, its transcripts and the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with coat color in alpaca. Full length cDNA amplification revealed the presence of two transcripts, named as F1 and F2, differing only in the length of their 5′-terminal untranslated region (UTR) sequences and presenting a color specific expression. Whereas the F1 transcript was common to white and colored (black and brown) alpaca phenotypes, the shorter F2 transcript was specific to white alpaca. Further sequencing of theMC1Rgene in white and colored alpaca identified a total of twelve SNPs; among those nine (four silent mutations (c.126C>A, c.354T>C, c.618G>A, and c.933G>A); five missense mutations (c.82A>G, c.92C>T, c.259A>G, c.376A>G, and c.901C>T)) were observed in coding region and three in the 3′UTR. A 4 bp deletion (c.224 227del) was also identified in the coding region. Molecular segregation analysis uncovered that the combinatory mutations in theMC1Rlocus could cause eumelanin and pheomelanin synthesis in alpaca. Overall, our data refine what is known about theMC1Rgene and provides additional information on its role in alpaca pigmentation.

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