scholarly journals Attenuation of Protective Effect Against Eccentric Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage

2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 529-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazunori Nosaka ◽  
Michael J. Newton ◽  
Paul Sacco
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Eccentric Exercise ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Isometric Strength ◽  
Arm Circumference ◽  
Single Bout ◽  
Exercise Induced

A single bout of eccentric exercise confers a long-lasting protective effect against subsequent bouts of the same exercise. This study investigated how the protective effect was lessened when the interval between the initial and secondary exercise bouts was increased from 4 to 12 weeks. Thirty young men performed two bouts of 12 maximal eccentric actions of the elbow flexors of the nondominant arm separated by either 4 (n = 9), 8 (n = 10), or 12 (n = 11) weeks. Maximal isometric strength, flexed and relaxed elbow joint angles, range of motion, upper arm circumference, muscle soreness, plasma creatine kinase (CK), and myoglobin (Mb) were measured before, immediately after, and for 4 days after exercise. Changes in criterion measures were compared between bouts for each group and among groups by two-way repeated-measures ANOVA. There were no significant differences among groups in the changes in all measures following the first bout. Significantly (p <  0.05) smaller responses in all measures were observed after the second bout as compared with first bout for the 4 and 8 weeks, but only in strength, muscle soreness, CK, and Mb for the 12 weeks. It was concluded that some aspects of the protective effect were attenuated after 8 weeks, and the factors responsible for the effect vary among the measures. Key words: maximal isometric strength, creatine kinase, myoglobin, range of motion, muscle soreness

scholarly journals Comparison between old and young men for changes in makers of muscle damage following voluntary eccentric exercise of the elbow flexors

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew P Lavender ◽  
Kazunori Nosaka
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Eccentric Exercise ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Young Group ◽  
Creatine Kinase Activity ◽  
Isometric Strength ◽  
Elbow Flexors

This study aimed to investigate if old men were more susceptible than young men to muscle damage induced by exercise consisting of repeated-lengthening muscle actions. The responses to a bout of eccentric exercise were compared between 10 young (mean age ± SEM = 19.4 ± 0.4 y) and 10 old (70.5 ± 1.5 y) men. All subjects performed 6 sets of 5 lengthening actions of the left elbow flexors at a range of 90° from an elbow flexed (90°) to an extended (180°) position in 5 s using a dumbbell massed at 40% maximal isometric strength (MVC) at an elbow joint angle of 90°. Changes in MVC, range of motion (ROM), upper arm circumference (CIR), muscle soreness (DOMS), plasma creatine kinase activity (CK), and myoglobin (Mb) concentration over 7-10 d following exercise were compared between groups by 2-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). Significant differences between groups were evident at baseline for ROM (significantly smaller for the older group) and CIR (significantly larger for the older group), but not for MVC and other measures. Contrary to the hypothesis, the young group showed significantly larger decreases in MVC and ROM and larger increases in circumference, DOMS, CK activity, and Mb con centration than those of the old group. These results suggest that muscle damage is not necessarily greater in old versus young men following voluntary eccentric exercise. It may be that physiological changes that occur with ageing, including a decrease in ROM, reduce damaging stress to muscles during lengthening muscle actions.Key words: ageing, maximal isometric strength, muscle soreness, creatine kinase, myoglobin.

Light concentric exercise has a temporarily analgesic effect on delayed-onset muscle soreness, but no effect on recovery from eccentric exercise

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zainal Zainuddin ◽  
Paul Sacco ◽  
Mike Newton ◽  
Kazunori Nosaka
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Elbow Flexion ◽  
Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness ◽  
Delayed Onset ◽  
Concentric Exercise ◽  
Arm Circumference

This study investigated the hypothesis that a bout of light concentric exercise (LCE) would alleviate delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) and enhance recovery from muscle damage. Fourteen subjects performed two bouts of 60 maximal eccentric actions of the elbow flexors (Max-ECC) separated by 2-4 weeks. One arm performed LCE (600 elbow flexion and extension actions with minimal force generation) 1, 2, 3, and 4 d after Max-ECC; the contralateral (control) arm performed only Max-ECC. Changes in maximal isometric and isokinetic strength, range of motion (ROM), upper arm circumference, and muscle soreness and tenderness were assessed before and immediately after LCE bouts. Changes in these measures and plasma creatine kinase (CK) activity for 7 d after Max-ECC were compared between the control and LCE arms using 2-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). Significant (p < 0.05) decreases in muscle soreness (~40%) and tenderness (~40%) were evident immediately after LCE, which also resulted in small but significant decreases in strength (~15%) and increases in ROM (~5°). No significant differences in the changes in the measures following Max-ECC were observed between the arms. These results suggest that LCE has a temporary analgesic effect on DOMS, but no effect on recovery from muscle damage.Key words: muscle soreness, muscle tenderness, muscle strength, range of motion, creatine kinase.

Is isometric strength loss immediately after eccentric exercise related to changes in indirect markers of muscle damage?

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazunori Nosaka ◽  
Dale Chapman ◽  
Mike Newton ◽  
Paul Sacco
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Eccentric Exercise ◽  
Elbow Joint ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Strength Loss ◽  
Isometric Strength ◽  
Joint Angles ◽  
Arm Circumference ◽  
Strong Correlate

This study tested the hypothesis that the magnitude of maximal isometric strength (MVC) loss immediately following eccentric exercise (MVC-post) would relate to changes in other indirect markers of muscle damage following exercise. Eighty-nine men were recruited from the same student population and performed 24 maximal eccentric actions of the elbow flexors. Commonly used markers of muscle damage such as relaxed and flexed elbow joint angles, range of motion (ROM), upper-arm circumference, muscle soreness, and plasma creatine kinase (CK) activity were measured before, immediately after, and 1-4 d after exercise. Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficients (r) between change in MVC-post and other markers of muscle damage, as well as MVC during recovery days, were calculated. Changes in MVC-post ranged from -72.8% to -17.6%, and correlated significantly (p < 0.01) with MVC at 1 (r = 0.59), 2 (0.63), 3 (0.61), and 4 (0.62) d after exercise. Reduction in MVC-post also correlated significantly (p < 0.05) with changes in relaxed (r = 0.50) and flexed elbow joint angles (-0.40), ROM (0.55), arm circumference (-0.45), peak palpation (-0.34) and extension muscle soreness (-0.48), and peak CK activity (-0.59). However, the r values were not necessarily high, and MVC-post poorly reflected the distribution of some measures, such as peak CK activity (124 - 50 440 IU·L-1). These results suggest that MVC-post is not a strong correlate of the changes in markers of muscle damage following eccentric exercise of the elbow flexors.Key words: maximal isometric strength, plasma CK activity, ROM, swelling, muscle soreness.

Continuous Compression as an Effective Therapeutic Intervention in Treating Eccentric-Exercise-Induced Muscle Soreness

2001 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Kraemer ◽  
Jill A. Bush ◽  
Robbin B. Wickham ◽  
Craig R. Denegar ◽  
Ana L. Gomez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eccentric Exercise ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Soft Tissue Injury ◽  
Force Production ◽  
Elbow Flexion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Arm Circumference ◽  
Exercise Induced

Context:Prior investigations using ice, massage, or exercise have not shown efficacy in relieving delayed-onset muscle soreness.Objectives:To determine whether a compression sleeve worn immediately after maximal eccentric exercise enhances recovery.Design:Randomized, controlled clinical study.Setting:University sports medicine laboratory.Participants:Fifteen healthy, non-strength-trained men, matched for physical criteria, randomly placed in a control group or a continuous compression-sleeve group (CS).Methods and Measures:Subjects performed 2 sets of 50 arm curls. 1RM elbow flexion at 60°/s, upper-arm circumference, resting-elbow angle, serum creatine kinase (CK), and perception-of-soreness data were collected before exercise and for 3 days.Results:CK was significantly (P< .05) elevated from the baseline value in both groups, although the elevation in the CS group was less. CS prevented loss of elbow extension, decreased subjects’ perception of soreness, reduced swelling, and promoted recovery of force production.Conclusions:Compression is important in soft-tissue-injury management.

Effects of Antioxidant Therapy in Women Exposed to Eccentric Exercise

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Bloomer
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Eccentric Exercise ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Isometric Force ◽  
Antioxidant Therapy ◽  
Baseline Values ◽  
Antioxidant Supplement ◽  
Plasma Creatine Kinase ◽  
Maximal Isometric Force

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of antioxidant therapy on indirect markers of muscle damage following eccentric exercise (EE). Eighteen women were randomized to an antioxidant supplement or a placebo before a bout of EE. Plasma creatine kinase (CK) activity, muscle soreness (MS), maximal isometric force (MIF), and range of motion (ROM) were assessed before and through 14 d postexercise. Eccentric exercise resulted in an increase in CK activity and MS, and a drop in MIF and ROM during the days following EE, which returned to baseline values 14 d after EE in both groups. Antioxidants attenuated the CK activity and MS response to the EE, while little difference was noted between groups in MIF or ROM. These fndings suggest that antioxidant supplementation was helpful in reducing the elevations in plasma CK activity and MS, with little impact on MIF and ROM loss.

scholarly journals Effects of Deep Oscillation Therapy on Symptoms Associated with Eccentric Exercise-Induced Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 823
Author(s):  
Kacey Ohlemeyer ◽  
Steele Morris ◽  
Heriberto Zamora ◽  
Allison B. Smith ◽  
Dawn M. Emerson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eccentric Exercise ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness ◽  
Delayed Onset ◽  
Exercise Induced

Low-intensity eccentric contractions of the knee extensors and flexors protect against muscle damage

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 1004-1011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min-Ju Lin ◽  
Trevor Chung-Ching Chen ◽  
Hsin-Lian Chen ◽  
Bo-Han Wu ◽  
Kazunori Nosaka
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Kinase Activity ◽  
Creatine Kinase Activity ◽  
Eccentric Contractions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Low Intensity

This study investigated the magnitude and duration of the protective effect of low-intensity eccentric contractions (LowEC) against damage induced by maximal eccentric contractions (MaxEC) of the knee flexors (KF) and extensors (KE). Young men were assigned to 8 experimental groups and 2 control groups (n = 13/group); the experimental groups performed LowEC of KF or KE 2 days (2d), 1 week (1wk), 2 weeks (2wk), or 3 weeks (3wk) before MaxEC, while the control groups performed MaxEC of KF or KE without LowEC. The 2d, 1wk, 2wk, and 3wk groups performed 30 LowEC of KF or 60 LowEC of KE with a load of 10% of maximal voluntary isometric contraction strength on a resistance-training machine, and all groups performed 30 MaxEC of KF or 60 MaxEC of KE on an isokinetic dynamometer. Several muscle damage markers were measured from before to 2 days after exercise (LowEC) or from before to 5 days after exercise (MaxEC). No significant changes in any variables were evident after LowEC. The changes in all variables after MaxEC were smaller (P < 0.05) for the 2d and 1wk groups (e.g., peak creatine kinase activity: 1002 ± 501 IU/L; peak muscle soreness: 13 ± 5 mm) than for the control group (peak creatine kinase activity: 3005 ± 983 IU/L; peak muscle soreness 28 ± 6 mm) for both KE and KF. There were no significant differences between the 2d and 1wk groups or among the 2wk, 3wk, and control groups. These results show that LowEC provided 30%–66% protection against damage induced by MaxEC of KF and KE, and the protective effect lasted 1 week.

Role of S100A12/RAGE axis in eccentric exercise-induced delayed-onset muscle soreness in male non-athletes

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Khorramdelazad ◽  
Hadi Rohani ◽  
Abdollah Jafarzadeh ◽  
Mohammadreza Hajizadeh ◽  
Gholamhossein Hassanshahi
Keyword(s):  
Eccentric Exercise ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness ◽  
Delayed Onset ◽  
Exercise Induced

Effects of active isolated stretching on exercise-induced muscle damage in untrained subjects: a randomized controlled trial

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Muhammad Mustafa Qamar ◽  
Muhammad Shahid Javed ◽  
Muhammad Zahoor ul Hassan Dogar ◽  
Ayesha Basharat
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Early Recovery ◽  
Pain Pressure Threshold ◽  
Group A ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Group B ◽  
Wrist Flexors

Abstract Objective: To investigate the prophylactic effect of the active isolated stretching technique on exercise-induced muscle damage of wrist flexors. Method: The mixed model randomised controlled interventional study was conducted at the University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan, from November 2018 to May 2019, and comprised young adults who were untrained, sedentary and healthy who were randomly divided into intervention group A and control group B. Group A participants received self-assisted active isolated stretching before inducing muscle soreness of wrist flexors by eccentric exercises. Group B did not receive any intervention. The outcome measures were pain intensity, muscle soreness, pressure pain threshold, range of motion, and grip strength. Data were collected at baseline, after one hour, and daily from day 1 to 7 after inducing muscle soreness. Data were analysed using SPSS 21. Results: Of the 60 subjects, there were 30(50%) in each of the two groups. There were 14(23.3%) males and 46(76.7%) females. The overall mean age was 21.47±1.9 years. Group A showed early recovery in pain and muscle soreness compared to group B (p<0.05). Also, a limited deficit in the range of motion, grip strength, and pain pressure threshold was found in group A compared to group B (p<0.05). Conclusion: Active isolated stretching before strenuous, unaccustomed exercise was found to be useful in ameliorating the symptoms of muscle soreness. Key Words: Active isolated stretching, Muscle soreness, Exercise-induced muscle damage, Eccentric exercises. Continuous...

scholarly journals Range of Motion as a Predictor of Clinical Shoulder Pain During Recovery From Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly A. Larkin-Kaiser ◽  
Jeffrey J. Parr ◽  
Paul A. Borsa ◽  
Steven Z. George
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Internal Rotation ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness ◽  
Delayed Onset ◽  
Active Flexion ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Active Abduction

Context: Athletic trainers use clinical pain and range of motion (ROM) to gauge recovery after musculoskeletal injury. Limited evidence to date suggests which shoulder ROM measures can predict symptomatic relief and functional recovery after delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS). Objective: To determine whether shoulder passive internal rotation, passive external rotation, active abduction, and active flexion and evoked pain with abduction are associated with resting pain experienced after exercise-induced DOMS. Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Setting: Controlled research laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: A total of 110 healthy, right-hand–dominant participants (44 men: age = 25.39 ± 7.00 years, height = 178.93 ± 7.01 cm, weight = 78.59 ± 14.04 kg; 66 women: age = 22.98 ± 6.11 years, height = 164.64 ± 6.94 cm, weight = 61.86 ± 11.67 kg). Intervention(s): Participants completed an exercise-induced DOMS protocol for the external rotators of the dominant shoulder to replicate muscle injury. Main Outcome Measure(s): Current resting pain was assessed daily for 96 hours using the Brief Pain Inventory. We evaluated functional recovery with measures of ROM in abduction, internal rotation, external rotation, and flexion. Evoked pain with active abduction was reported, and the pain rating served as the dependent variable in the regression model. Results: Impairment measures explained resting pain at 48 (R2 = 0.392) and 96 hours (R2 = 0.164). Abduction and internal-rotation ROM and evoked pain with abduction predicted resting pain at 48 hours (P &lt; .001). At 96 hours, evoked pain with abduction of the injured arm (P &lt; .001) was the significant contributor to resting pain. Conclusions: These models suggest that resting pain after experimentally induced DOMS occurs at 48 hours and is associated with specific ranges of motion and evoked pain with abduction.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document