The effect of temperature on spore germination and growth of Mucor miehei in submerged culture

1972 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 975-979 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. W. Streets ◽  
M. B. Ingle
Keyword(s):  
Spore Germination ◽  
Submerged Culture ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Mucor Miehei ◽  
Germination And Growth

Mucor miehei was grown in submerged culture at 30, 37, 40, 42.5, 45, and 48 °C. Maximum growth yield occurred at 48 °C.The effect of temperature on spore germination was examined. No spores germinated within 8 h at temperatures below 36.7 °C or above 53.5 °C. The optimum temperature for spore germination was 45 °C.Growth occurred at the marginal temperatures of 20 °C and 25 °C only when the spores were pre-germinated at 37 °C

scholarly journals Impact of temperature on Bacillus cereus spore germination in ultra-high temperature chocolate milk

Food Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 808-813
Author(s):  
Ubong A. ◽  
C.Y. New ◽  
L.C. Chai ◽  
Nur Fatihah A. ◽  
Nur Hasria K. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Incubation Time ◽  
Spore Germination ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Harsh Environment ◽  
Chocolate Milk ◽  
Data Gap ◽  
Germination And Growth

Bacillus cereus spores are capable of surviving the harsh environment and more often, they cause great concern to the dairy industry. The current research was conducted to study the effect of temperature on germination and growth of B. cereus spores in UHT chocolate milk; the study was carried out at 8°C, 25°C and 35°C over a span of seven days. The results showed that no growth was observed at 8°C. At 25°C, a rapid increase in growth was observed as early as Day 1, from an initial count of ten spores to 4.01 log10 CFU/mL. Meanwhile, at 35°C, the growth on Day 1 was more rapid in which the count promptly increased to 8.07 log10 CFU/mL. Analysis of graph trend showed that the number of vegetative cells decreased while the number of spores increased with incubation time due to nutrients exhaustion. This study fills up the data gap towards understanding the possible issues that might arise in the actual scenario and at the same time, suggests a suitable approach to minimize infection risk caused by B. cereus spores.

Nectria tuberculariformis, Nectriella muelleri, Nectriella sp., and Hyponectria sceptri: low-temperature tolerant, alpine–boreal fungal antagonists

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
pp. 1896-1903 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Samuels ◽  
C. T. Rogerson ◽  
A. Y. Rossman ◽  
J. D. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Spore Germination ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Glomerella Cingulata ◽  
Plant Parasites ◽  
Phoma Medicaginis ◽  
Chondrostereum Purpureum ◽  
Germination And Growth

The ascomycetes Nectria tuberculariformis, Nectriella muelleri sp. nov., Nectriella sp., and Hyponectria sceptri comb. nov. were collected in alpine–boreal habitats. They were low temperature tolerant, growing at 0 °C and poorly or not at all at temperatures above 18 °C. Optimum temperature for spore germination and growth was 10–15 °C. Nectria tuberculariformis was found to be the teleomorph of Acremonium boreale; Nectriella muelleri and Nectriella sp. each had Acremonium anamorphs. No anamorph formed in cultures of Hyponectria sceptri. All four species produced a diffusible substance or substances that inhibited growth of the mesophilic plant parasites Chondrostereum purpureum, Fusarium solani, Glomerella cingulata, and Phoma medicaginis var. pinodella. Nectria tuberculariformis, Nectriella muelleri, Nectriella sp., and Hyponectria sceptri are described and illustrated.

scholarly journals Effect of Temperature and Moisture on Various Aspects of Development, Growth, and Pathogenicity of Thielaviopsis paradoxa from Sugarcane in Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-170
Author(s):  
Lii-Jang Liu ◽  
Amelia Cortés-Monllor
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Spore Germination ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Sugarcane Variety ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Temperature Range

It was found that the optimum temperature range for mycelial growth and spore germination of Thielaviopsis paradoxa lies between 28° and 32° C, with the maximum above 36° C. and the minimum below 12° C. Neither mycelial growth nor spore germination was obtained at 8° or at 40° C. Pathogenicity of T. paradoxa to sugarcane variety P.R. 1059 was favored by temperatures between 28° and 32° C. No infection of sugarcane by this fungus occurred at 8° or at 40° C. The highest rate of infection of sugarcane by T. paradoxa was obtained at the lowest soil moisture with a maximum temperature up to 32° C. It thus appears that low soil moisture has a profound effect on rate of infection during summer months in Puerto Rico.

Influence of Water Activity on Growth, Metabolic Activities and Survival of Yeasts and Molds

1983 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
LARRY R. BEUCHAT
Keyword(s):  
Water Activity ◽  
Spore Germination ◽  
Osmotic Shock ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Competitive Effects ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
Metabolic Activities ◽  
Yeasts And Molds ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Growth Of Fungi

The behavior of yeasts and molds as influenced by water activity (aw) is reviewed. Fungal spoilage of foods occurs more often than bacterial spoilage at aw 0.61–0.85 not because fungi grow faster at reduced aw but rather because the competitive effects of the vast majority of bacteria are absent. Higher aw is generally required for spore formation than for spore germination. The range of aw permitting germination of spores is greatest at an optimum temperature, but optimum availability of nutrients tends to broaden the range of aw and temperature at which germination and growth will occur. The minimum aw levels for growth of fungi are lower than those required for mycotoxin production. It is imperative that diluents and enumeration media with reduced aw be used to detect xerotolerant fungi in foods. Otherwise, vegetative cells and spores may be killed by osmotic shock or remain dormant when exposed to high aw associated with diluents and media routinely used for mycological analyses.

MORPHOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL RESPOSES OF COW PEA (CV. PUSA BARSATI) GROWN ON FLY ASH AMENDED SOIL IN PRESENCE AND ABSENCE OF MELOIDOGYNE JAVANICA AND RHIZOBIUM LEGUMINOSARUM

1970 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamal Singh ◽  
A. A. Khan ◽  
Iram Khan ◽  
Rose Rizvi ◽  
M. Saquib
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Insignificant Difference

Plant growth, yield, pigment and protein content of cow-pea were increased significantly at lower levels (20 and 40%) of fly ash but reverse was true at higher levels (80 and 100%). Soil amended by 60% fly ash could cause suppression in growth and yield in respect to 40% fly ash treated cow-pea plants but former was found at par with control (fly ash untreated plants). Maximum growth occurred in plants grown in soil amended with 40% fly ash. Nitrogen content of cow-pea was suppressed progressively in increasing levels of fly ash. Moreover,  Rhizobium leguminosarum  influenced the growth and yield positively but Meloidogyne javanica caused opposite effects particularly at 20 and 40% fly ash levels. The positive effects of R. leguminosarum were marked by M. javanica at initial levels. However, at 80 and 100% fly ash levels, the positive and negative effects of R. leguminosarum and/or M. javanica did not appear as insignificant difference persist among such treatments.Key words:  Meloidogyne javanica; Rhizobium leguminosarum; Fly ash; Growth; YieldDOI: 10.3126/eco.v17i0.4098Ecoprint An International Journal of Ecology Vol. 17, 2010 Page: 17-22 Uploaded date: 28 December, 2010  

Maintenance of a Walleye, Stizostedion vitreum vitreum, Fishery in a Eutrophic Reservoir

1977 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 1725-1733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter T. Momot ◽  
Jack Erickson ◽  
Frederick Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Gizzard Shad ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Intensive Exploitation ◽  
Spawning Stock ◽  
Preferred Temperatures ◽  
Poor Recruitment

Hoover Reservoir, a very eutrophic environment, produces a successful fishery for walleye. However the population can only be sustained by stocking due to the absence of high quality summer habitat, intensive exploitation, poor recruitment of most natural year-classes, and poor growth of adult walleye. The oxygen temperature regime brought about by eutrophication forces the adult walleye to live at an above optimum temperature regime for maximum growth during the summer months. Because of the climate and geographical location, the preferred temperatures of the desired prey, young gizzard shad, are far above that of the adult walleye. This makes the shad less accessable to predation for a large portion of the day further reducing the growth of older walleye. Poor recruitment of large natural year-classes results from the absence of gizzard shad fry which spawn much later than walleye, at the time larval walleye convert from a planktonic to a piscivorous feeding habit. Large year-classes of walleye are produced in years when fry were stocked. Stocked fry were produced in hatcheries from spawn obtained at the reservoir. Fry were stocked in the reservoir just at or in advance of shad spawning, whereas in most years naturally produced fry appeared well in advance of shad spawning. This delayed appearance of stocked walleye fry probably accounts for their successful year-class production. This walleye spawning stock had an estimated mean biomass of 13.6 kg/ha and a mean annual production of 2.2 kg/ha between 1967 and 1973. Key words: Hoover Reservoir — Ohio, Percidae, Stizostedion, management, fry stocking

STUDIES ON STRONGYLOIDES OF PRIMATES: IV. EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON THE MORPHOLOGY OF THE FREE-LIVING STAGES OF STRONGYLOIDES FULLEBORNI

1958 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 623-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Premvati
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Infective Larvae ◽  
Complete Development

The optimum temperature for the complete development of the free-living and the infective larvae of Strongyloides fülleborni is 25 °C. Morphological changes are seen at higher or lower temperatures.

Effect of Temperature on Development Rate, Survival and Fecundity of Cotton Tipworm, Crocidosema-Plebejana Zeller (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae)

1991 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 191 ◽  
Author(s):  
JG Hamilton ◽  
MP Zalucki
Keyword(s):  
Linear Model ◽  
Development Rate ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Development Rates ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Female Weight

C. plebejana were reared from egg to adult at a range of constant temperatures. At 10-degrees-C no immature stages survived. Development rates increased over the temperature range 14-34-degrees-C; these were simulated with a non-linear model. Females emerged before males. Fecundity decreased with increased rearing temperature as a direct result of reduced adult female weight. At 34-degrees-C development rate and survival were reduced and all eggs laid were infertile. Optimum temperature for population increase was 28-degrees-C. Validation of a non-linear model for development rate shows that the species of host-plant affects mean development rates of tipworm. Although 5.3 tipworm generations are possible on cotton annually, only one occurs; reasons for this are suggested.

Dynamic Predictive Model for Growth of Bacillus cereus from Spores in Cooked Beans

2017 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 308-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay K. Juneja ◽  
Abhinav Mishra ◽  
Abani K. Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Primary Model

ABSTRACT Kinetic growth data for Bacillus cereus grown from spores were collected in cooked beans under several isothermal conditions (10 to 49°C). Samples were inoculated with approximately 2 log CFU/g heat-shocked (80°C for 10 min) spores and stored at isothermal temperatures. B. cereus populations were determined at appropriate intervals by plating on mannitol–egg yolk–polymyxin agar and incubating at 30°C for 24 h. Data were fitted into Baranyi, Huang, modified Gompertz, and three-phase linear primary growth models. All four models were fitted to the experimental growth data collected at 13 to 46°C. Performances of these models were evaluated based on accuracy and bias factors, the coefficient of determination (R2), and the root mean square error. Based on these criteria, the Baranyi model best described the growth data, followed by the Huang, modified Gompertz, and three-phase linear models. The maximum growth rates of each primary model were fitted as a function of temperature using the modified Ratkowsky model. The high R2 values (0.95 to 0.98) indicate that the modified Ratkowsky model can be used to describe the effect of temperature on the growth rates for all four primary models. The acceptable prediction zone (APZ) approach also was used for validation of the model with observed data collected during single and two-step dynamic cooling temperature protocols. When the predictions using the Baranyi model were compared with the observed data using the APZ analysis, all 24 observations for the exponential single rate cooling were within the APZ, which was set between −0.5 and 1 log CFU/g; 26 of 28 predictions for the two-step cooling profiles also were within the APZ limits. The developed dynamic model can be used to predict potential B. cereus growth from spores in beans under various temperature conditions or during extended chilling of cooked beans.

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