Temperature studies of iron-oxidizing autotrophs and acidophilic heterotrophs isolated from uranium mines

1993 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 384-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Berthelot ◽  
L. G. Leduc ◽  
G. D. Ferroni
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Mine Water ◽  
Thiobacillus Ferrooxidans ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Temperature Growth ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Uranium Mines ◽  
Iron Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Growth Profiles

Iron-oxidizing autotrophs and acidophilic heterotrophs were quantified at an incubation temperature of 18 °C in several samples obtained from the bioleaching areas of two uranium mines in Ontario, Canada. All samples were mine-water samples with temperatures in the range 13–18 °C. Iron-oxidizing autotrophs ranged from 2683 ± 377 to 245 000 ± 20 205 colony-forming units∙mL−1 and were always numerically superior to acidophilic heterotrophs, which ranged from 40 ± 8 to 9650 ± 161 colony-forming units∙mL−1. For each sample, approximately 20 isolates of each nutritional group were examined for the ability to grow at temperatures of 4, 18, 21, and 37 °C, respectively; overall, 559 isolates of iron-oxidizing bacteria (predominantly Thiobacillus ferrooxidans) and 252 acidophilic heterotrophic isolates were examined and categorized as 'broader temperature range psychrotrophs,' 'narrower temperature range psychrotrophs,' 'intermediates,' or mesophiles. Although psychrotrophic representatives of both groups were abundant, no psychrophiles were recovered from any of the samples. For the iron oxidizers, the temperature growth profiles of the isolates were similar from sample to sample. For the acidophilic heterotrophs, the temperature growth profiles varied considerably among samples.Key words: psychrotrophs; Thiobacillus ferrooxidans; uranium mines.

The absence of psychrophilic Thiobacillus ferrooxidans and acidophilic heterotrophic bacteria in cold, tailings effluents from a uranium mine

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Berthelot ◽  
L. G. Leduc ◽  
G. D. Ferroni
Keyword(s):  
Thiobacillus Ferrooxidans ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Uranium Mine ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Iron Oxidizers

Iron-oxidizing autotrophs (mainly Thiobacillus ferrooxidans) and acidophilic heterotrophs were recovered and quantified at an incubation temperature of 18 °C, in four tailings-effluent samples obtained from the environment of a uranium mine in Ontario, Canada. The samples were collected during winter when the temperatures of the effluents were in the range 0.5–5.0 °C. Iron-oxidizing autotrophs were recovered in the four samples and their numbers ranged from 3 ± 2 to 185 ± 18 colony-forming units/mL; acidophilic heterotrophs were recovered in three of the four samples and their numbers ranged from 13 ± 3 to 2517 ± 859 colony-forming units/mL. Forty-six of the iron-oxidizer isolates and 63 of the acidophilic heterotrophic isolates were examined for their ability to grow at temperatures of 4, 18, 21, and 37 °C. None of the isolates was psychrophilic, although 96% of the iron oxidizers and 54% of the acidophilic heterotrophs were psychrotrophs; less that 5% of the isolates for both nutritional types were capable of growth at 37 °C. In addition, the isolates were categorized as 'broader temperature range psychrotrophs,' 'narrower temperature range psychrotrophs,' 'intermediates,' or mesophiles, and the narrower temperature range psychrotrophs were found to be numerically predominant.Key words: psychrotrophs, psychrophiles, Thiobacillus ferrooxidans, acidophilic heterotrophic bacteria.

scholarly journals Growth characterisation of Staphylococcus aureus in milk: a quantitative approach

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 433-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Medveďová ◽  
Ľ. Valík ◽  
Z. Sirotná ◽  
D. Liptáková
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Phase Duration ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Root Model ◽  
Toxigenic Strains

<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> is a pathogenic bacterium that induces several of human illnesses. The staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE) production as the results of previous growth of toxigenic strains is the most crucial problem which may lead to the staphylococcal food poisoning outbreaks in humans. That is why the growth of three strains of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> was characterised in milk and modelled in dependence of temperature. For the lag phase duration of <i>S. aureus</i> 2064, the Davey model was used with the following result: ln(1/lag) = 1.973 – 87.92/<i>T</i> + 285.09/<i>T</i><sup>2</sup> (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.962). The dependence of the growth rate on incubation temperature was modelled by the Ratkowsky square root model and Gibson in sub-optimal and whole temperature range, respectively. The validation of both models showed high significance of the growth rate data fitting. The optimal temperature of <i>T</i><sub>opt</sub> = 38.5°C was resulted from Gibson model for the <i>S. aureus</i> 2064 growth in milk. For practical purpose, the time necessary for the increase of <i>S. aureus</i> by 3 log counts was also calculated within the growth temperature range. These data may provide useful information e.g. for the producers using raw milk in their artisanal cheese practice as the specific strains were used in this study.

Physiological, Genomic, and Proteomic Characterization of New “Ferrovum” Strains Obtained from a Pilot Plant for Mine-Water Treatment

2013 ◽  
Vol 825 ◽  
pp. 149-152
Author(s):  
Michael Schlömann ◽  
Judith Kipry ◽  
Sophie Mosler ◽  
Anja Poehlein ◽  
Andreas Keller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Mine Water ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Electron Donors ◽  
Iron Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
Key Players ◽  
Mine Water Treatment

Ferrovum is a recently found new genus of acidophilic iron-oxidizing bacteria.Ferrovumspp. dominate the microbial community of a pilot plant for biological mine-water treatment and together with someGallionellarelatives appear to be key players of the process. Isolation ofFerrovumstrains should greatly be facilitated by a new APPW medium. Sequencing of the genome ofFerrovumsp. JA12 so far did not point to any alternative electron donors and also did not reveal genes for nitrogen fixation.

Adhesion Studies of Microorganisms on Natural Ore Material

2017 ◽  
Vol 262 ◽  
pp. 398-402
Author(s):  
Nadja Eisen ◽  
Felix Straube ◽  
Simone Schopf ◽  
Michael Schlömann
Keyword(s):  
Mine Water ◽  
Preferential Attachment ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Iron Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
In Situ Conditions ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Acidic Mine Water ◽  
External Conditions

In the course of the decline of high-grade ore deposits, new effective and eco-friendly bioleaching techniques are of interest. In-situ leaching is an auspicious method, but composition of leaching community should be adapted to the respective external conditions and the ore material. In this study several sulfidic minerals were inoculated into acidic mine water of a mine in eastern Germany, housing members of well-known iron oxidizing bacteria like Acidithiobacillus, Leptospirillum and Ferrovum. The attachment tests were performed in batch and in a continuous way at different temperatures. The analysis of the extracted DNA from adhered cells showed an enrichment of Ferrovum spp. on chalcopyrite surface under in-situ conditions at 11°C. For laboratory batch conditions an accumulation of Leptospirillum spp. was detected for adhered cells probably due to the changes of the physicochemical parameter of the mine water. In more detailed analyses we aim to elucidate possible preferential attachment of the mine water community members to certain minerals.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF WATER LOSSES FROM BADOVC LAKE, KOSOVO: ISOTOPIC IMPLICATIONS

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 656
Author(s):  
B. Skender ◽  
B. Arjan
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Isotopic Composition ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Mine Water ◽  
Isotopic Analysis ◽  
Rain Water ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
O 18

This paper aims to quantitatively assess water losses of Badovc Lake - Kosovo based on both water balance of the lake and water isotopic composition of H-2 and O-18. According to lake water balance, a water loss of 3,738,905 m³ for the hydrologic year 2014, was evaluated. These consistent data favour the opinion that a continuous groundwater outflow from the lake is present and it is conditioned by the intensively developed fracture system in the lake basement formations. This was also supported by the isotopic analysis (H-2 and O-18) of the sampled waters. Most of water samples taken from hydrologic components of Lake Badovc fall on a linear plot of δ2H versus δ18O showing an isotopic variation typical for waters evaporated from a lake and fits very well with Global Meteoric Water Line (GMWL), while two rain water samples are isotopically lighter (more negative δ values). Water samples taken from water leakages on the right side of the dam, the piezometer, two wells drilled in the valley downstream of dam, Hajvalia mine gallery and the water flow downstream of the dam, have isotopic composition similar with that of the lake water. Water of Hajvalia mine well shows isotopic composition that falls between that of rain water and lake water. Considering δ values of rain water (δ2H= -129.6‰, δ18O= -16.56‰) and lake water (δ2H= -67.2‰, δ18O= -9.20‰) and mine water (mixture) (δ2H= -73.3‰, δ18O= -10.15‰) was found that the fraction of rain water in mine water ranges from 6% (according H-2) to 10% (according O-18), while the fraction of lake water in minewater varies from 94% (according H-2) to 90% (according O-18).

scholarly journals PENGARUH SUHU INKUBASI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PERKEMBANGAN EMBRIO SOMATIK PURWOCENG (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
NUR AJIJAH ◽  
IRENG DARWATI ◽  
YUDIWANTI YUDIWANTI ◽  
ROOSTIKA ROOSTIKA
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
In Vitro Selection ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Temperature Growth ◽  
Weight Increment ◽  
Shoot Number

<p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Purwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk. atau P. alpina KDS.) merupakan salah satu tanaman obat asli Indonesia endemik dataran tinggidan pada saat ini dibudidayakan secara terbatas di Dataran Tinggi Dieng.Salah satu upaya yang dapat ditempuh untuk memperluas arealpengembangan tanaman ini adalah melalui perakitan varietas tolerandataran rendah atau menengah, yang antara lain dapat diperoleh melaluipendekatan seleksi ketahanan terhadap suhu tinggi yang dapat dilakukansecara in vitro. Pengaruh cekaman suhu tinggi terhadap pertumbuhan danperkembangan purwoceng secara in vitro sejauh ini belum diketahui.Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu inkubasi terhadappertumbuhan dan perkembangan embrio somatik purwoceng secara invitro. Penelitian dilaksanakan di laboratorium kultur jaringan BalaiPenelitian Tanaman Obat dan Aromatik (Balittro) Bogor mulai Oktober2007 – Maret 2008. Embrio somatik purwoceng diinduksi dari eksplandaun aseptik. Embrio somatik fase globuler yang terbentuk dipergunakansebagai eksplan kemudian diinkubasi pada tiga taraf suhu ruang yaitu 17,3± 0,5ºC (kontrol), 23,3 ± 2,1ºC, dan 32,8 ± 1,7ºC selama 3 bulan dengansub kultur setiap bulan sampai terbentuk planlet/tunas. Pengamatandilakukan terhadap peubah pertumbuhan dan perkembangan eksplanembrio somatik yang meliputi penambahan bobot segar eksplan,persentase eksplan yang membentuk tunas, jumlah tunas yang terbentukper eksplan serta persentase eksplan hidup. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa suhu inkubasi berpengaruh nyata terhadap semua peubah yangdiamati. Rata-rata  penambahan  bobot  segar,  persentase  eksplanmembentuk tunas, jumlah tunas per eksplan dan persentase eksplan hidupsemakin menurun dengan semakin meningkatnya suhu inkubasi. Suhu 32,8± 1,7ºC memberikan pengaruh penghambatan yang nyata terhadappertumbuhan dan perkembangan embrio somatik purwoceng dibandingkansuhu kontrol dan 23,3 ± 2,1ºC sejak periode inkubasi 1 bulan. Sedangkansuhu 23,3 ± 2,1ºC baru memberikan pengaruh penghambatan yang nyatasetelah periode inkubasi 3 bulan.</p><p>Kata kunci : Pimpinella pruatjan, embrio somatik, suhu, pertumbuhan</p><p>ABSTRACT</p><p>Effect of temperature incubation on growth and de-velopment of Purwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk.)somatic embryos</p><p>Purwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk., P. alpina KDS.) is one ofIndonesian medicinal plants. It is high altitude endemic species which iscurrently cultivated on a limited areas in the Dieng Plateau. One effort toexpand purwoceng cultivation areas is through the assembly ofpurwoceng varieties tolerant to low or medium altitude, among others, canbe obtained through the approach of selection for high temperaturetolerance that can be done by in vitro selection. How high temperaturestress influencing the growth and development of purwoceng somaticembryos is not known yet. The research aimed at determining theinfluence of incubation temperature on the growth and development ofpurwoceng somatic embryos. The research was conducted at tissue culturelaboratory of Indonesian Medicinal and Aromatic Crops Research Institute(IMACRI) from October 2007 – March 2008. Purwoceng somaticembryos induced from aseptic leaves incubated at three levels of roomtemperature i.e. 17.3 ± 0.5 º C (control), 23.3 ± 2.1 ºC, and 32.8 ± 1.7 º Cfor 3 months with a subculture every month. Variables observed wereexplants fresh weight increment, percentage of explants forming shoot,number of shoot per explants, and percentage of survive explants. Theresult showed that the average of explants fresh weight increment,percentage of explants forming shoot, number of shoot per explants, andpercentage of survive explants decreased with the increase of temperature.The growth and development of purwoceng somatic embryos weresignificantly inhibited at the temperature of 32.8 ± 1.7ºC since one monthafter incubation, while the inhibition of temperature of 23.3 ± 2.1 ºC wasnot significant except after 3 month of incubation.</p><p>Key words: Pimpinella pruatjan, somatic embryos, temperature, growth</p>

Use of Selective Media to Recover Salmonella and Vibrio cholerae after Growth in Reconditioned Pork-Processing Wastewater†

1999 ◽  
Vol 62 (7) ◽  
pp. 724-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
KATHLEEN T. RAJKOWSKI ◽  
ROBERT L. DUDLEY
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Growth Temperature ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Selective Media ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Selective Plating ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Growth Temperature Range ◽  
Quantitative Recovery

Selective plating media are used for the enumeration and isolation of bacterial pathogens from food and water samples. This study compared the quantitative recovery of Salmonella spp. and Vibrio cholerae grown in nutrient-limited, filter-sterilized, reconditioned wastewater over the temperature range of 4 to 45°C using nonselective and pathogen-specific selective media. Viable Salmonella were enumerated on tryptic soy agar (TSA) and XLT-4, and viable V. cholerae were enumerated on TSA and thiosulfate-citrate-bile-sucrose agar. There was a statistically significant (P &lt; 0.05) higher recovery of both pathogens over the growth temperature range on TSA compared to the selective media. Trehalose, a stress-induced metabolite of Salmonella, was isolated from the cells grown in the reconditioned wastewater, whereas, the V. cholerae exhibited a change in cellular morphology from rod to coccoid shape. These results suggest that growth in nutrient-limited water injured or stressed the individual pathogens. Care should be used in choosing the procedure and plating medium for quantitative recovery of pathogens from such a nutrient-limiting environment.

Mine Water Quality Evolution at Abandoned Uranium Mines in the Czech Republic

2014 ◽  
pp. 443-450
Author(s):  
Nada Rapantova ◽  
Monika Licbinska ◽  
Pavel Pospisil ◽  
Karel Lusk
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Mine Water ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Uranium Mines

Degradation of antifouling booster biocides in water

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroya Harino ◽  
Masaaki Kitano ◽  
Yoshiaki Mori ◽  
Kazuhiko Mochida ◽  
Akira Kakuno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection Limit ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Estuarine Water ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Sunlight Irradiation ◽  
Irgarol 1051 ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Copper Pyrithione

The concentrations of booster compounds were surveyed in the port of Osaka, Japan. The concentrations of Sea-Nine 211, Diuron and Irgarol 1051 in water samples from the port of Osaka were in the ranges <0·30–0·55 ng l−1, 13–350 ng l−1, 1·3–77 ng l−1, respectively. Pyrithiones were not detected in water samples. The levels of Diuron and Irgarol 1051 in the port of Osaka were high in the mooring area for small and medium-hull vessels with poor flushing.Susceptibility of bacterial populations in estuarine water to antifouling biocides was studied. Sea-Nine 211, Diuron, Irgarol 1051 and Copper pyrithione dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were added to estuarine water and number of colony forming units (CFU) of bacteria in estuarine water was counted using R2A agar plate. The CFU was not decreased at the concentration less than 1·0 mg/l of Diuron, Irgarol 1051 and Copper pyrithione. However, CFU was decreased at 0·1 mg/l of Sea-Nine 211. Degradation of Sea-Nine 211, Diuron, Irgarol 1051 and Copper pyrithione by bacteria in estuarine water was studied using a die-away method. At an initial concentrations of 0·1 mg/l, observed half-lives of Sea-Nine 211 and Copper pyrithione were 10 and 20 days, respectively. In contrast, Diuron and Irgarol 1051 were degraded scarcely during 60 days of culture.Photodegradation of these booster biocides by sunlight and UV light were studied. Under UV, all biocides were below detection limit after one day of irradiation. Under sunlight, Copper pyrithiones were also below detection limits after one day. Drastic decrease of Sea-Nine 211 concentration was observed after one day. Diuron and Irgarol 1051 scarcely decreased during 17 days of sunlight irradiation.

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