ON "PLASTIC" WAVES IN SOLIDS

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 1017-1035 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Bowsher
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Past Work ◽  
The Past ◽  
Engineering Significance ◽  
The Subject

The study of the propagation of "plastic" waves in solids has reached a stage where it is necessary to consider which direction future research should take. In the past 90 or so years many experiments, mostly designed to elucidate certain points of engineering significance, and a few attempts at a theoretical study have cast some light on the subject and revealed it as one of formidable difficulty.Nearly all the experiments have of necessity relied on rather dubious theories for their interpretation, and part of the present paper will be devoted to a description of an apparatus which gives results capable of being interpreted with a very minimum of theory. The remainder of the paper is devoted to a short review of past work with particular emphasis on basic phenomena and to a brief discussion on the most pressing problems still remaining. The experiments described in the present paper bring to light a factor in the propagation of "plastic" waves that seems to have been overlooked in previous work.

scholarly journals Tocopherols and Tocotrienols—Bioactive Dietary Compounds; What Is Certain, What Is Doubt?

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 6222
Author(s):  
Kacper Szewczyk ◽  
Aleksandra Chojnacka ◽  
Magdalena Górnicka
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Tissue Concentration ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Biological Role ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship

Tocopherols and tocotrienols are natural compounds of plant origin, available in the nature. They are supplied in various amounts in a diet, mainly from vegetable oils, some oilseeds, and nuts. The main forms in the diet are α- and γ-tocopherol, due to the highest content in food products. Nevertheless, α-tocopherol is the main form of vitamin E with the highest tissue concentration. The α- forms of both tocopherols and tocotrienols are considered as the most metabolically active. Currently, research results indicate also a greater antioxidant potential of tocotrienols than tocopherols. Moreover, the biological role of vitamin E metabolites have received increasing interest. The aim of this review is to update the knowledge of tocopherol and tocotrienol bioactivity, with a particular focus on their bioavailability, distribution, and metabolism determinants in humans. Almost one hundred years after the start of research on α-tocopherol, its biological properties are still under investigation. For several decades, researchers’ interest in the biological importance of other forms of vitamin E has also been growing. Some of the functions, for instance the antioxidant functions of α- and γ-tocopherols, have been confirmed in humans, while others, such as the relationship with metabolic disorders, are still under investigation. Some studies, which analyzed the biological role and mechanisms of tocopherols and tocotrienols over the past few years described new and even unexpected cellular and molecular properties that will be the subject of future research.

Autohesion and Cohesion of Uncrosslinked Elastomers

1988 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 548-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary R. Hamed
Keyword(s):  
Short Review ◽  
Green Strength ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Subject

Abstract Over the past several years the author and collaborators have studied the autohesion (tack) and cohesion (green strength) of uncrosslinked elastomers. It is the purpose of this short review to present some highlights of this research. This is not meant to be a brief review of the entire literature on the subject.

scholarly journals On weak lumpability in Markov chains

1989 ◽  
Vol 26 (03) ◽  
pp. 446-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerardo Rubino
Keyword(s):  
Markov Chain ◽  
Markov Chains ◽  
State Space ◽  
The State ◽  
Homogeneous Markov Chain ◽  
Past Work ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Subject

We analyse the conditions under which the aggregated process constructed from an homogeneous Markov chain over a given partition of the state space is also Markov homogeneous. The past work on the subject is revised and new properties are obtained.

The evolution of travel information search research: a perspective article

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 319-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Gretzel ◽  
Zohreh Zarezadeh ◽  
Yuxuan Li ◽  
Zheng Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Information Search ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Travel Information ◽  
The Past ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Tourism Information ◽  
Areas Of Interest ◽  
Information Landscape

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the evolution of travel information search literature over the past 75 years to outline research needs for the upcoming decades. Design/methodology/approach This paper conducts a literature review based on the descriptive textual analysis of article abstracts from a sample of representative tourism journals on the subject of travel information search. Findings The analysis shows that the literature reflects the mounting complexity in the tourism information landscape and the increasing diversity in available channels. It also reveals lack of theoretical advancement in terms of reconceptualizing travel information search to better accommodate current and future technological advances. Originality/value This paper offers a systematic review of literature on travel information search and identifies areas of interest and directions for future research.

Data Mining on ICU Mortality Prediction Using Early Temporal Data: A Survey

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (01) ◽  
pp. 117-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianfeng Xu ◽  
Yuanjian Zhang ◽  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Azhar Mahmood ◽  
Yu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Intrinsic Property ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Mortality Prediction ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Temporal Data ◽  
Icu Mortality ◽  
The Past ◽  
Hybrid Framework ◽  
The Subject

Predicting mortality rate for the patients in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is an active topic in medical domain for decades. The main goal of mortality prediction is to achieve satisfied discrimination and calibration. However, the particular features of the patient records such as high-dimension, irregular, and imbalance nature of ICU data makes prediction challenging. Data mining is gaining an ever-increasing popularity in predicting mortality of ICU patients recently, a comprehensive literature review of the subject has yet to be carried out. This study presented a review of and classification scheme for the past research as well as latest progress and their limitations on application of data mining techniques for predicting ICU mortality. Based on limitations, a hybrid framework combined with intrinsic property of ICU data to improve prediction performance is proposed for future research.

scholarly journals Solute Reactive Tracers for Hydrogeological Applications: A Short Review and Future Prospects

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viet Cao ◽  
Mario Schaffer ◽  
Reza Taherdangkoo ◽  
Tobias Licha
Keyword(s):  
Tracer Tests ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Tracer Testing ◽  
Conservative Tracer ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Reactive Tracers

Tracer testing is a mature technology used for characterizing aquatic flow systems. To gain more insights from tracer tests a combination of conservative (non-reactive) tracers together with at least one reactive tracer is commonly applied. The reactive tracers can provide unique information about physical, chemical, and/or biological properties of aquatic systems. Although, previous review papers provide a wide coverage on conservative tracer compounds there is no systematic review on reactive tracers yet, despite their extensive development during the past decades. This review paper summarizes the recent development in compounds and compound classes that are exploitable and/or have been used as reactive tracers, including their systematization based on the underlying process types to be investigated. Reactive tracers can generally be categorized into three groups: (1) partitioning tracers, (2) kinetic tracers, and (3) reactive tracers for partitioning. The work also highlights the potential for future research directions. The recent advances from the development of new tailor-made tracers might overcome existing limitations.

scholarly journals Active Sites in Heterogeneous Catalytic Reaction on Metal and Metal Oxide: Theory and Practice

Catalysts ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanbo Pan ◽  
Xiaochen Shen ◽  
Libo Yao ◽  
Abdulaziz Bentalib ◽  
Zhenmeng Peng
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalytic ◽  
The Past ◽  
Catalysis Process

Active sites play an essential role in heterogeneous catalysis and largely determine the reaction properties. Yet identification and study of the active sites remain challenging owing to their dynamic behaviors during catalysis process and issues with current characterization techniques. This article provides a short review of research progresses in active sites of metal and metal oxide catalysts, which covers the past achievements, current research status, and perspectives in this research field. In particular, the concepts and theories of active sites are introduced. Major experimental and computational approaches that are used in active site study are summarized, with their applications and limitations being discussed. An outlook of future research direction in both experimental and computational catalysis research is provided.

Alcoholism and Psychiatric Disorder

1987 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Peace ◽  
Graham Mellsop
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Classification System ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Psychiatric Problems

Over the past 50 years the relationship between alcoholism and psychiatric disorders, such as depression, anxiety and schizophrenia, has been the subject of a great deal of research. Psychiatric problems have been seen as both a cause and a result of alcoholism. Whatever the relation between alcoholism and psychiatric disorder is, it may have significance for the development of differentially effective treatment strategies. Several authors have argued that the presence and nature of psychiatric symptoms should form the basis of a classification system for alcoholics. Given the potential rewards of such a system for both understanding the aetiology of alcoholism and developing effective treatment strategies, it is important to have a clear picture of the nature and extent of this relationship. This paper reviews critically the published studies of the association between alcoholism and psychiatric disorder and outlines directions for future research.

scholarly journals On weak lumpability in Markov chains

1989 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 446-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerardo Rubino ◽  
Gerardo Rubino
Keyword(s):  
Markov Chain ◽  
Markov Chains ◽  
State Space ◽  
The State ◽  
Homogeneous Markov Chain ◽  
Past Work ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Subject

We analyse the conditions under which the aggregated process constructed from an homogeneous Markov chain over a given partition of the state space is also Markov homogeneous. The past work on the subject is revised and new properties are obtained.

scholarly journals Giuseppe Zander restorer. The methodological approach to the conservation project

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Cesare Crova
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Sacred Art ◽  
Restoration Project ◽  
The Past ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Theoretical Reflection ◽  
Direct Investigation

Giuseppe Zander was the "Proto" of the "Fabbrica di San Pietro": the architect who undertook the restoration of the most important complex of Christianity, after being a member of the Pontifical Commission of Sacred Art in Italy.In this capacity, the approach to the monument for Zander was of absolute respect, the knowledge of the architectural work was acquired through real sketches, annotations on the formal and constructive aspects, the building phases, the materials used, the degradation. The direct investigation was accompanied by the theoretical study with the bibliographic and archival research, from which derived the critical synthesis contained in his notebooks. From these studies emerges the full mastery of the subject and the opportunity to understand the context by an audience not necessarily made of experts, using a simple and immediate language, but at the same time cultured, full of classic quotations, from which emerges his figure of humanist.His designer activity as a restorer remains in all his projects, from which the mentioned concepts are outlined, with his careful theoretical reflection that precedes the restoration project, in which he acquires the values of the past architecture transposing them into modern forms through the use of modern techniques and technologies, in perfect union with construction techniques and local typological habits.Among many projects, we focus on the restoration of the "Collegiate Church of San Pietro" in Minturno (1966-67), in which we find the synthesis of the methodological path of Giuseppe Zander.

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