Detailed observations on the nature of frost heaving at a field scale

1989 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. W. Smith ◽  
D. E. Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Frost Heave ◽  
Field Scale ◽  
Frost Heaving ◽  
Moisture Movement ◽  
Ice Accumulation ◽  
Thermodynamic Conditions ◽  
Soil Strain ◽  
Detailed Picture ◽  
Complex Manner

Observations made using a system of ring magnets have provided a detailed picture of differential soil strain associated with frost heaving at a field scale. The results reveal the evolution of heave as freezing advances through the soil and the variation of soil strain with depth and time, and with soil temperature conditions. The results indicate that soil strain characteristically continues within frozen soil, sustained, it is proposed, by continuing water migration into the frozen soil. Consequently a considerable thickness of frozen soil appears to be actively involved with moisture movement and ice accumulation during frost heaving. The observations support the view that frost heave generally depends in a complex manner on the thermodynamic conditions of temperature and water and ice pressures as they are modified by the rheological properties of the soil. Key words: frost heave, differential soil strain, frost heave measurement.

Heave and Heaving Pressures in Frozen Soils

1971 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 272-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. N. Yong ◽  
J. C. Osler
Keyword(s):  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Soil Freezing ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Frost Heaving ◽  
Moisture Movement ◽  
Soil System ◽  
Capillary Model ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Generative Mechanism ◽  
Major Factors

Most previous studies of frost heave and associated frost heaving pressures have been concerned with the process of ice lensing and ice segregation, and the primary mechanism used to explain the related phenomena of heave and pressure is seen to be consistent with the process of formation of ice lenses. Thus, while certain investigators may disagree on various details, there appears to be general agreement on the mechanisms which form the basis for the so-called capillary model for the prediction of frost heaving and associated pressures. In addition, various criteria used for the assessment of frost susceptibility rely implicitly on the admissibility of this model as their rationale.This study questions the advisability of using a singular capillary model, in view of the wide range of conditions and constraints prevailing at any one time. Since soil freezing involves moisture movement and associated resultant volumetric expansion at both the macroscopic and microscopic scale arising from temperature and osmotic gradients, it is clear that a comprehensive theory to rationally explain heave and (or) heaving pressures is needed to account for all major factors which influence the total response of the frozen soil system. In this respect, the results of a critical examination of recent field and laboratory tests performed at McGill University and elsewhere are used to show that the available theories may be too restricted in scope to explain all facets of the observed behavior of frozen natural soils. To overcome the shortcomings noted above, an extended generative mechanism is developed and procedures for the examination of actual results are presented.

Interaction of a Single Pile with Freezing Heaving Soil

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
Andrei Alekseev
Keyword(s):  
Normal Pressure ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Frost Heave ◽  
Single Pile ◽  
Adhesion Forces ◽  
Frost Heaving

The article is devoted to the study of the interaction of a single pile with freezing heaving soil. The calculation of the pile loading area by the normal pressure of frost heaving is proposed. The cases of pile behavior under the influence of frost heave on it depending on the value of the heave pressure, the freezing forces of the frozen soil and the pile, and the adhesion forces of the anchored part of the pile are considered. The calculation of the radius of the cylinder shifting under the action of soil heaving is given.

Field Monitoring and Analysis of Hydraulic Soil Slope Frost Heaving Damage

2013 ◽  
Vol 353-356 ◽  
pp. 2445-2449
Author(s):  
Xiang Min Qu ◽  
Hua Zhong ◽  
Xiu Fen Wang ◽  
Bin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Frost Heave ◽  
Engineering Practice ◽  
Soil Slope ◽  
Frost Heaving ◽  
Seasonal Frozen Soil ◽  
Water Conservancy Project ◽  
Water Conservancy ◽  
Earth Temperature

Frost heaving damage of water conservancy project is widespread. In order to research the failure problems of hydraulic soil slope in dark seasonal frozen soil region, remote monitor and manual observation is carried out combined with field test section layout, which including air temperature, earth temperature, frozen depth, the amount of frost heaving and layered water content. It is researched that the rule of frost heave parameters variation and the damage of soil slope during freeze-thaw cycling. That offers theoretical basis and reference for construction of water conservancy project and guidance for engineering practice.

scholarly journals A Study of the Insulation Mechanism and Anti-Frost Heave Effects of Polystyrene Boards in Seasonal Frozen Soil

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuqiang Guo ◽  
Haibin Shi ◽  
Manjin Cheng ◽  
Wenhui Gao ◽  
Hongzhi Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Precast Concrete ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Frost Heave ◽  
Test Field ◽  
Frost Heaving ◽  
Irrigation Area ◽  
Ground Temperatures ◽  
Seasonal Frozen Soil ◽  
Hetao Irrigation Area

The damages resulting from frost heaving are the main causes of channel destruction in seasonal frozen soil regions. Over the years, many experimental studies have been performed regarding the channel anti-frost heaving in the Hetao irrigation area. However, there have been few experimental research studies conducted regarding the insulation and anti-frost heave effects of polystyrene boards (EPS) of different thicknesses. Therefore, in order to explore the insulation mechanism and anti-frost heave effects of precast EPS laid under the conditions of different thicknesses, an anti-frost heave test field was established in the Hetao irrigation area for the examination of the ground temperatures, frozen depths, frost heave amounts, and water content change rules. This study’s results showed that, for the laid EPS with thicknesses between 2 and 12 cm, the frost-heave reduction rate ranged from 53.2% to 92.6%; total accumulated temperature warming ranged from 248.65% to 565.93%; and the frozen depth reduction rate was between 59.8% and 75.9%. It was determined that the EPS per cm additions could effectively improve the ground temperatures at a buried depth of 30 cm by 0.78 °C, and reduce the frozen depth by 10.1 cm. Then, by comprehensively considering the positive economic and insulation effects, it was determined that the most appropriate thickness of the EPS laid under the precast concrete slabs in the Hetao irrigation area of Inner Mongolia was 8–10 cm.

The Heaving Perforance of the Graded Crushed Stone at Cold Region

2013 ◽  
Vol 831 ◽  
pp. 78-82
Author(s):  
Jun Lei Tian ◽  
Xiao Hui Zeng ◽  
Yan Ke Yang ◽  
Jian Qiang Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Frost Heave ◽  
Crushed Stone ◽  
Cold Region ◽  
Frost Heaving ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Power Content

Ha Tai high speed rail is a high-speed railway in cold region of China. The design criteria is very strict. There is many frozen soil over cold region. The research how to reduce the amount of subgrade frost heaving over Ha Tai high speed rail is of great significance.We use a frost heave model to simulate the subgrade frost heaving in the paper.We research how the fine power content and water content influence the frost heave amount of graded crushed stone by contrast test.The result shows that the fine power content and the water content have great influence on the frost heave amount of graded crushed stone .The frost heave ratio increases with the fine powder content and the water content.

Study on Mechanical Characteristics of Frost Heaving of Artificially Frozen Soil

2011 ◽  
Vol 243-249 ◽  
pp. 2055-2058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Wei Li ◽  
Da Wei Xu ◽  
Ju Hong Fan ◽  
Ren He Wang ◽  
Bi Juan Luo
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Frost Heave ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Cold Side ◽  
Underground Engineering ◽  
Frost Heaving ◽  
Shaft Sinking ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The impact of the cold-side temperature and moisture to frost heave were obtained by studying frost heaving test in open system. Frost heave ratio increased linearly with the decrease of cold-side temperature and moisture. Frost heave force increased with the decrease of cold-side temperature and increase of moisture. In addition, the soil physical properties variation laws was gained during freezing in the test, like moisture and dry density. By analysising the test data of frost heave ratio and frost heave force, the relationship between frost heave ratio and frost heave force were acquired. The results had important practical value and theoretical significance to the freezing shaft sinking and artificially freezing techniques applied in urban underground engineering.

Frost heave – pipeline interaction using continuum mechanics

1983 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Nixon ◽  
N. R. Morgenstern ◽  
S. N. Reesor
Keyword(s):  
Continuum Mechanics ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Soil Mass ◽  
Structural Member ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Frost Heave ◽  
Flexible Pipe ◽  
Frozen Ground ◽  
Frost Heaving ◽  
Differential Frost Heave

As a chilled pipeline crosses a transition from frozen to unfrozen ground or shallow permafrost, a differential frost heave problem may develop causing strains in the pipe. Soil–structure interaction models that are currently available to handle this problem concentrate on the pipe as the dominant structural member and represent the soil mass as a series of unconnected springs. This paper considers the soil to be an elastic or nonlinear viscous continuum and imposes a nonlinear boundary condition to represent the frost heaving soil and the dependence of frost heave on applied pressure. The pipe is assumed to be a completely passive structural member and the soil strains at the pipe elevations are studied. The dependence of the maximum pipe strains on the length of the heaving section and on the thickness of frozen ground beneath the pipe have been established for a typical set of soil and frost heaving conditions. It is found that, for the conditions studied, when the thickness of shallow permafrost or frozen soil is greater than about 7–8 m, the strains that a flexible pipe experiences are less than the strain criteria currently in use on many pipeline projects. Keywords: frost heave, pipeline, interaction, stress analysis, finite elements, continuum mechanics, thermo-elasticity.

Stress Analysis of Pipeline Subjected to Differential Frost Heave

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Di ◽  
Jian Shuai ◽  
Lingzhen Kong ◽  
Xiayi Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Strain Analysis ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Computational Method ◽  
Frost Heave ◽  
Safe Operation ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Segregation Potential ◽  
Differential Frost Heave ◽  
Design Construction

Frost heave must be considered in cases where pipelines are laid in permafrost in order to protect the pipelines from overstress and to maintain the safe operation. In this paper, a finite element model for stress/strain analysis in a pipeline subjected to differential frost heave was presented, in which the amount of frost heave is calculated using a segregation potential model and considering creep effects of the frozen soil. In addition, a computational method for the temperature field around a pipeline was proposed so that the frozen depth and temperature variation gradient could be obtained. Using the procedure proposed in this paper, stress/strain can be calculated according to the temperature on the surface of soil and in a pipeline. The result shows the characteristics of deformation and loading of a pipeline subjected to differential frost heave. In general, the methods and results in this paper can provide a reference for the design, construction and operation of pipelines in permafrost areas.

Microstructure-Based Random Finite Element Method Simulation of Frost Heave: Theory and Implementation

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (52) ◽  
pp. 347-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaoyang Dong ◽  
Xiong (Bill) Yu
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Finite Element Method Simulation ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Frost Heave ◽  
Holistic Model ◽  
Water Pipes ◽  
Random Finite Element

Frost heave can cause serious damage to civil infrastructure. For example, interactions of soil and water pipes under frozen conditions have been found to significantly accelerate pipe fracture. Frost heave may cause the retaining walls along highways to crack and even fail in cold climates. This paper describes a holistic model to simulate the temperature, stress, and deformation in frozen soil and implement a model to simulate frost heave and stress on water pipelines. The frozen soil behaviors are based on a microstructure-based random finite element model, which holistically describes the mechanical behaviors of soils subjected to freezing conditions. The new model is able to simulate bulk behaviors by considering the microstructure of soils. The soil is phase coded and therefore the simulation model only needs the corresponding parameters of individual phases. This significantly simplifies obtaining the necessary parameters for the model. The capability of the model in simulating the temperature distribution and volume change are first validated with laboratory scale experiments. Coupled thermal-mechanical processes are introduced to describe the soil responses subjected to sub-zero temperature on the ground surface. This subsequently changes the interaction modes between ground and water pipes and leads to increase of stresses on the water pipes. The effects of cracks along a water pipe further cause stress concentration, which jeopardizes the pipe’s performance and leads to failure. The combined effects of freezing ground and traffic load are further evaluated with the model.

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