Role of position within the windthrow in forest floor chemistry in the flysch zone of the Carpathians

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1646-1660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Šamonil ◽  
Barbora Šebková ◽  
Jan Douda ◽  
Tomáš Vrška
Keyword(s):  
Forest Floor ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Reaction ◽  
Humic And Fulvic Acids ◽  
Mineral Horizon ◽  
Total N ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Organic Horizons

A hypothesis was verified that forest floor chemistry varies according to position within the windthrow (mound, pit, or control). A parallel assessment was made of differences in the chemistry of horizons and their forms. A total number of 1720 windthrows were studied in the fir–beech primeval forest in the flysch zone of the Western Carpathians. A total of 100 samples were taken on three positions from the following horizons and their forms (in brackets): litter, fermented (amphigenous, zoogenous, or mycogenous), humification (unresolved, zoogenous, residues, or humic), and mineral. A random sampling eliminated the effect of correlation between the horizons and positions. Parameters assessed were Q4/6, HA/FA, C-forms, total N, P, K, and Mg contents, soil reaction, and cation-exchange capacity. The positions exhibited a significant difference in the forest floor chemistry even at a level of horizon forms. The position’s significance decreased with the horizon depth. Organic horizons in the pit, in particular, exhibited the lowest content of total humic substances, fulvic acids, and the lowest colour coefficient values. However, the mineral horizon showed no significant differences between the positions within the windthrow. Compared with other humus types, the decomposing wood mass did not exhibit a different ratio of humic and fulvic acids.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTIVENESS OF COMPOST, HUMIC ACID AND PURE FULVATE ON IMPROVEMENT OF ULTISOL SOIL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

2021 ◽  
pp. 247-254
Author(s):  
Resman ◽  
Sahta Ginting ◽  
Muhammad Tufaila ◽  
Fransiscus Suramas Rembon ◽  
Halim
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Humic And Fulvic Acids ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Exchangeable Al

The research aimed to determine the effectiveness of compost containing humic and fulvic acids, and pure humic and fulvic acids in increasing of Ultisol soil chemical properties. The research design used a randomized block design (RBD), consisting of 10 treatments, namely K0: 0 g polybag-1, KO1: 500 g polybag-1, KO2: 500 g polybag-1, KO3: 500 g polybag-1, KO4: 500 g polybag-1, KO5: 500 g polybag-1, KO6: 500 g polybag-1, KO7: 500 g of polybags-1, H: 50 g of polybag-1, A: 500 g polybag-1. Each treatment was repeated three times and obtained 30 treatment units. The results showed that pH H2O (K0: 4.49, KO1: 5.64, KO2: 5.47, KO3: 5.43, KO4: 5.51, KO5: 5.39, KO6: 5.48, KO7: 6.17, H: 5.06, F: 5.15), total-N (%) (K0: 0.13, KO1: 0.17, KO2: 0.18, KO3: 0.30, KO4: 0.25, KO5: 0.24, KO6: 0.29, KO7: 0.36, H: 0.16, F: 0.14), organic-C (%) (K0: 1.85, KO1; 2.30, KO2: 2.24, KO3: 2.33, KO4: 2.62, KO5: 2.25, KO6: 2.27, KO7: 2.95, H: 2.32, F: 2.26) , available-P (%) (K0: 2.75, KO1: 3.24, KO2: 3.16, KO3: 3.27, KO4: 3.57, KO5: 3.31, KO6: 3.37, KO7: 3.89, H: 3.10, F: 3.12), exchangeable-Al (me100g-1) (K0: 2.51, KO1: 2.11, KO2: 2.13, KO3: 2.15, KO4: 1.88, KO5: 2.14, KO6: 2.12, KO7: 1.75, H: 2.16, F: 2.17), base saturation (%) (K0: 30.91, KO1: 63.48, KO2: 52.63, KO3: 53.76, KO4: 56.13, KO5: 54.96, KO6: 56.71, KO7: 65.53, H: 39.11, F: 42.76), cation exchange capacity (me100g-1) (K0: 12.76, KO1: 15.64, KO2: 14.86, KO3: 14.35, KO4: 14.13, KO5: 15.01, KO6: 15.50, KO7: 17.94, H: 14.19, F: 13.73). The combined compost treatment of three types of organic matter (Imperata cylindrica + Rice straw + Glincidia sepium) is more effective in increasing the pH, H2O as 37.42%, total-N as 176.92%, Organic-C as 59.46%, available-P as 41.45%, base saturation as 65.53%, cation exchange capacity as 17.94% and exchangeable -Al, Alreduction as 30.28% of ultisol soil. KEY WORDS: compost, humic acid, fulvate, soil chemical, ultisol

The role of humic and fulvic acids in the phototransformation of phenolic compounds in seawater

2014 ◽  
Vol 493 ◽  
pp. 411-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Calza ◽  
D. Vione ◽  
C. Minero
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Humic And Fulvic Acids

The influence of bigleaf maple on chemical properties of throughfall, stemflow, and forest floor in coniferous forest in the Pacific Northwest

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 868-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Hamdan ◽  
Margaret Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Forest Floor ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Total N ◽  
Acer Macrophyllum ◽  
K Concentration ◽  
Species Specific

It is predicted that bigleaf maple ( Acer macrophyllum Pursh) will almost double in frequency in British Columbia by 2085 due to climate change. We address whether its frequency increase could influence chemical properties of throughfall, stemflow, and forest floor due to species-specific effects. Eight plots with a single bigleaf maple tree in the centre of conifers were paired with eight Douglas-fir ( Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) plots without bigleaf maple. Compared with conifer plots, bigleaf maple throughfall and stemflow had higher pH and K concentration. The under-canopy and near-trunk forest floor associated with bigleaf maple showed higher pH, total exchangeable bases, cation-exchange capacity, and concentrations of exchangeable Ca and Mg. In addition, the near-trunk forest floor had higher base saturation and concentrations and contents of NO3-N and contents of total N and S. Throughfall and stemflow beneath bigleaf maple appear to contribute to higher pH and N availability in the forest floor. The results suggest that there is a soil microsite around bigleaf maple stems that is influenced by stemflow. These enriched microsites proximal to bigleaf maple trunks would allow bigleaf maple to have legacy effects on soil fertility and promote conifer productivity later in succession following bigleaf maple mortality.

Influence of humus acids on mobility and biological availability of iron, zinc and copper

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
A. Fateev ◽  
D. Semenov ◽  
K. Smirnova ◽  
A. Shemet
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Humic And Fulvic Acids ◽  
Cultivation Medium ◽  
Mobile Forms

Soil organic matter is known as an important condition for the mobility of trace elements in soils, their geo- chemical migration and availability to plants. However, various components of soil organic matter have differ- ent effect on these processes due to their signifi cant differences in structure and properties. Aim. To establish the role of humic and fulvic acids in the process of formation of microelement mobility in soils and their accu- mulation in plants. Methods. A model experiment with sand culture was used to investigate the release of trace elements from preparations of humic and fulvic acids and their uptake by oat plants. Results. It was found that among biologically needed elements humic acids are enriched with iron, fulvic acids – with zinc, and copper distribution between these two groups of substances may be characterized as even. These elements have un- equal binding power with components of soil organic matter, as evidenced by their release into the cultivation medium and accumulation in plants. In the composition of fulvic acids zink has the most mobility – up to 95 % of this element is in the form, accessible for plants; the lowest mobility was demonstrated by copper in the composition with humic acids, for which no signifi cant changes in the concentration of mobile forms in the substrate and in the introduction to the test culture were registered. Despite signifi cantly higher iron content in humic acids, the application of fulvic acids in the cultivation medium provides a greater increase in the con- centration of mobile forms of this element. Conclusions. The results confi rm the important role of organic sub- stances of fulvic nature in the formation of zinc and iron mobility in the soil and their accumulation in plants.

Radio-Labelled Humic Materials in Migration Studies

1992 ◽  
Vol 294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Carlsen ◽  
Pia Lassen ◽  
Peter Warwick ◽  
Amanda Randall
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Fate ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Migration Studies ◽  
Humic And Fulvic Acids ◽  
Humic Material ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Significant Strength ◽  
Soils And Sediments ◽  
Humic Materials

ABSTRACTHumic- and fulvic acids are able to complex polyvalent metal ions, e.g. radionuclides, leading to soluble complexes of significant strength, thereby decreasing the sorption of these compounds to soils and sediments. The interaction of humic materials with radionuclides may significantly influence the availability and transport of the latter in the environment. Typically, studies along these lines have focussed almost exclusively on the radionuclides, whereas the actual role of the humic material has been elucidated only indirectly. In order directly to study the behaviour of the naturally occurring organic macro-molecules in relation to the environmental fate of radionuclides, radio-labelled humic- and fulvic acids can advantageously be applied. Radio-labels such as 14C and 125I have successfully been covalently incorporated in humic- and fulvic acids. Labelling of humic substances as well as preliminary migration studies are discussed

scholarly journals Response of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) to Potassium and Sulfur Application at Kafta Humera District, Western Tigray, Northern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Teame Shimgabr ◽  
Lemma Wogi ◽  
Anteneh Argaw
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Reaction ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Total N ◽  
Four Levels

Potassium and sulfur are among the most important nutrients limiting sesame production. EthioSIS soil testing map indicate that nutrients such as K and S are deficient in the study site. Study was carried out to investigate response of sesame to K and S application at Humera Agricultural Research Center, Kafta Humera district, Tigray, Ethiopia in 2016 main cropping season. Treatments consisted four levels of potassium (0, 20, 40 and 60 kg K2O ha-1 as KCl) and four levels of sulfur (0, 20, 40 and 60 kg ha-1 as CaSO4.2H2O). The experiment was laid out as Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in factorial arrangement with three replications using Setit-1 sesame variety. Soil sample was taken, result of soil analysis revealed that the soil was clayey textural class, neutral in soil reaction (pH = 7.35), low organic matter content (0.73%), very low total N (0.03 %) and very low available P (0.74 mg kg-1), high  soil cation exchange capacity (CEC) (40 cmol(+) kg-1), medium exchangeable K (0.26 cmol(+) kg-1) and low extractable sulfur (4.78 mg kg-1). Maximum sesame grain yields (1371.67 kg ha-1) was obtained from plot treated with 20 kg K2O ha-1 + 40 kg S ha-1 which resulted 145.3% increase over the control  plot`s yield. From plots fertilized with K and S levels at a rate of 20 kg K ha-1 and 40 kg S ha-1 was obtained higher yield of sesame. It is conclude, therefore, it will be good to promote K and S for further demonstration.

scholarly journals CATION EXCHANGE CAPACITY OF THE HUMUS PART OF THE WEST SIBERIAN TRANSECT SOILS

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Boris M. Klenov ◽  
Mikhail V. Yakutin
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Humic And Fulvic Acids ◽  
Organic Part ◽  
Latitudinal Range

The article analyzes the change in the indicator of the cation exchange capacity (CEC) in the humus of the latitudinal series of soils in Western Siberia. It is shown that not all humus substances are able to perform the function of cation exchange and participate in the formation of the organic part of the soil EC. It is shown that the organic matter in the latitudinal range of soils in Western Siberia is distributed in accordance with the known geographical pattern of the distribution of the total humus stock and the main characteristics of this stock. An unconventional evaluation method for determining the EC is proposed using analytical data on the content of acidic functional groups in humic acids and the composition of humic substances, which allows us to separately assess the contribution of humic and fulvic acids in the composition of the EC of the soil.

scholarly journals Transformations of phenolic compounds in meadow soils

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Ziolkowska ◽  
Bozena Debska ◽  
Magdalena Banach-Szott
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Humic And Fulvic Acids

Abstract The aim of the research has been to determine the role of phenolic compounds in the processes of transformations of organic matter in meadow soils, leading to the formation of humic substances. The research has been performed based on the plant material and soil sampled from Europe’s unique complex of permanent grasslands irrigated continuously for 150 years applying the slope-and-flooding system, the Czerskie Meadows. Phenolic compounds were isolated from the plant material samples (hay, sward and roots) and soils (horizon A, AE and Bsv) and from the fraction of humic and fulvic acids. It was found that the contents of phenolic compounds decrease in the following order: hay > sward > roots > A horizon soil > AE horizon soil > Bsv horizon soil > A horizon fulvic acids > AE horizon fulvic acids > Bsv horizon fulvic acids > A horizon fulvic acids > AE horizon fulvic acids > Bsv horizon fulvic acids. A significantly higher share of cinnamyl than vanillyl and syringyl compounds in the extracts of fulvic acids and slightly higher in the hydrolysates of humic acids confirms the effect of the chemical composition of the plant material undergoing decomposition on the properties of the emerging humic substances.

Influence of coarse wood and fine litter on forest organic matter composition

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Krzyszowska-Waitkus ◽  
George F Vance ◽  
Caroline M. Preston
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic Horizons ◽  
Mineral Soils ◽  
Forest Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Forest C

Forest soil organic matter (SOM) is affected by inputs from coarse wood (CW) and fine litter (FL, e.g., leaves, twigs, cones, and needles). The influence of these materials on forest SOM was studied in a lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) forest in southeastern Wyoming. Organic materials in CW sites were significantly (P < 0.05) more acidic, but contained half the total N of FL sites. Forest floor materials and SOM C contents were significantly greater in CW samples. Lignin decomposition products (CuO analysis) accumulated primarily in organic horizons of both sites, with significantly higher (60–70%) contents in CW materials. Vanillyl compounds were the primary lignin products from both sites, with cinnamyl compounds also important in SOM from FL sites. Vanillic acid to vanillin ratios were significantly higher in mineral soils under CW. 13C-NMR spectra indicated CW materials were enriched in lignin, and that humic acids from both site types were very similar and unusually high in alkyl C. Fulvic acids were also high in O-alkyl and carboxyl C, particularly in the CW sites. Results suggest there are differences in forest C constituents and that removal of CW could possibly alter forest soil dynamics that would impact forest productivity and biodiversity. Key words: Forest, coarse wood, litter, carbon, soil organic matter, humic substances

scholarly journals The role of exogenous humic and fulvic acids in iodine biofortification in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 402 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 129-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylwester Smoleń ◽  
Iwona Ledwożyw-Smoleń ◽  
Włodzimierz Sady
Keyword(s):  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Humic And Fulvic Acids ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea L
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