Taurine attenuates hypertension and improves insulin sensitivity in the fructose-fed rat, an animal model of insulin resistance

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (10) ◽  
pp. 749-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
C V Anuradha ◽  
S D Balakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Load ◽  
Glucose Load ◽  
Blood Pressure Elevation ◽  
Glucose Levels

Fructose feeding induces moderate increases in blood pressure levels in normal rats, which is associated with hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, and impaired glucose tolerance. Increased vascular resistance, sodium retention, and sympathetic overactivity have been proposed to contribute to the blood pressure elevation in this model. Taurine, a sulphur-containing amino acid, has been reported to have antihypertensive and sympatholytic actions. In the present study, the effects of taurine on blood pressure, plasma levels of glucose and insulin, glucose tolerance, and renal function were studied in fructose-fed rats. Fructose-fed rats had higher blood pressure and elevated plasma levels of insulin and glucose. The plasma glucose levels were higher in fructose-fed rats than in controls at 15, 30, and 60 min after the oral glucose load. Treatment with 2% taurine in drinking water prevented the blood pressure elevation and attenuated the hyperinsulinemia in fructose-fed rats. The exaggerated glucose levels in response to the oral glucose load was also prevented by taurine administration. Thus, taurine supplementation could be beneficial in circumventing metabolic alterations in insulin resistance.Key words: fructose feeding, hypertension, hyperinsulinemia, renal function, taurine.

scholarly journals Sitagliptin improves glycaemic excursion after a meal or after an oral glucose load in J apanese subjects with impaired glucose tolerance

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 1033-1041 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kaku ◽  
T. Kadowaki ◽  
Y. Terauchi ◽  
T. Okamoto ◽  
A. Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Impaired Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Load ◽  
Glucose Load

Acute Effect of Chili Consumption on Thermogenesis and Glycemic Response Following Oral Glucose Load in Men

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-294
Author(s):  
Muriel Ávila-Seguel ◽  
Constanza Márquez-Urrizola ◽  
Gislaine Granfeldt ◽  
Katia Saez-Carrillo ◽  
Javad Sharifi-Rad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Effect ◽  
Chili Pepper ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Glycemic Response ◽  
Oral Glucose Load ◽  
Glucose Load ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Hypoglycemic and thermogenic effects are attributed to the capsaicinoid compounds (capsaicin). The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute effect of the consumption of 5g of chili pepper on thermogenesis and the glycemic response. In a pretest-post-test quasi-experimental study, the energy expenditure (EE) of 15 healthy men was evaluated by using indirect calorimetry at rest and with the consumption of 5g of Capsicum annum. In addition, the glycemic response after an oral glucose load was evaluated. After the consumption of C. annum, there was a significant increase in the EE of all the participants during the first few seconds postchili consumption. In sedentary participants, the consumption of chili pepper caused a significant decrease of blood glucose levels. The consumption of chili pepper has a potential immediate thermogenic effect during the first few seconds and, in sedentary people, it has a potential hypoglycemic effect.

scholarly journals Chronotopic and blood pressure response to oral glucose load in chagas' disease

1994 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 602-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Elena Guariento ◽  
Elza Olga ◽  
Ana Muscelli ◽  
José Antonio Rocha Gontijo
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Response ◽  
Blood Pressure Response ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Load ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System Dysfunction ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Pressor Responses ◽  
Insulin Activity

Cardiac chronotropic and pressor responses after an oral load of glucose were assessed in sixteen Chagasic subjects and 28 controls by means of blood pressure and pulse rate measurements. Cardiovascular response was correlated with serum insulin and glucose levels. The experiment identified a subgroup of Chagasic subjects (n=8) with a hypoinsulinemic behavior presenting less chronotropic and pressor responses than controls. This may indicate a lower insulin activity and/or an early Autonomic Nervous System dysfunction in this subgroup.

scholarly journals Interesting insulin response to oral glucose load in young Japanese subjects with impaired glucose tolerance

Diabetes Care ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 710-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Tanaka ◽  
Y. Atsumi ◽  
K. Matsuoka ◽  
T. Onuma ◽  
R. Kawamori
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Impaired Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Load ◽  
Glucose Load ◽  
Japanese Subjects

Response of incretins (GIP and GLP-1) to an oral glucose load in female and male subjects with normal glucose tolerance

2014 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. e25-e29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshihiro Matsuo ◽  
Yoshiki Kusunoki ◽  
Tomoyuki Katsuno ◽  
Takashi Ikawa ◽  
Takafumi Akagami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Load ◽  
Glucose Load ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Male Subjects

Forearm Glucose Uptake in Cirrhosis and Its Relationship to Glucose Tolerance

1980 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Leatherdale ◽  
R. A. Chase ◽  
J. Rogers ◽  
K. G. M. M. Alberti ◽  
P. Davies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Glucose Load ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients

1. Oral glucose-tolerance tests (100 g) were carried out in six patients with stable well-compensated cryptogenic cirrhosis and in 12 control subjects. 2. In confirmation of previous studies, patients with cirrhosis had high post-glucose serum insulin levels and were glucose intolerant (mean incremental glucose area 954 ± 186 compared with 482 ± 35 mmol 3 h−11−1 in controls; P<0.05) 3. Forearm arteriovenous differences of glucose and forearm blood flows were measured to estimate the proportion of the glucose load metabolized in peripheral tissues. Values in cirrhotic patients and control subjects (5614 ± 1630 compared with 5344 ± 672 μmol of glucose min−11−1 of forearm in 3 h) were similar despite higher glucose levels and sustained high insulin levels in the cirrhotic patients. 4. Peak lactate concentrations after glucose were of similar magnitude in the two groups (0.66 ± 0.12 compared with 0.62 ± 0.75 mmol/l) but in the patients with cirrhosis the peak occurred later and was more sustained. 5. The glucose intolerance of cirrhosis is primarily due to impaired hepatic retention of the glucose load. Insulin resistance in peripheral tissues-5-also be important since the higher insulin concentrations found in cirrhotic patients failed to enhance peripheral glucose uptake.

Effect of an enkephalin-analogue (FK 33-824) on glucose tolerance in man

1983 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Jeanrenaud ◽  
E. Maeder ◽  
E. Del Pozo ◽  
J. P. Felber
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Glucose Absorption ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Load ◽  
Glucose Load ◽  
Oral Test ◽  
Insulin Response To Glucose ◽  
Glucose Curve

Abstract. The purpose of the present work was to study the effect of a methionine-enkephalin analogue (FK 33-824) on glucose tolerance in man. Groups of 5 to 8 normal subjects were given a 0.5 mg im injection of the drug or placebo just before a 100 g oral glucose load or a 0.5 g/kg iv glucose load. In the enkephalin analogue treated subjects, diminished insulin response to glucose was observed following the oral glucose load, with insulin values significantly lower than in the controls from time 10 to 90 min, but no corresponding change in the glucose curve. This effect was not observed when glucose was given iv in another group of 5 subjects in whom the significant blunting of the insulin response was accompanied by a significant decrease in glucose tolerance. These observations demonstrate that in man, enkephalin produces a decrease in insulin secretion in response to both oral and iv glucose loads. The absence of any marked impairment in glucose tolerance in the oral test in spite of the decreased insulin response suggests that enkephalin might have an additional effect in delaying glucose absorption.

Insulin infusion induces endothelin-1-dependent hypertension in rats

2004 ◽  
Vol 287 (5) ◽  
pp. E948-E954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi-Chang Juan ◽  
Yi-Wen Shen ◽  
Yueh Chien ◽  
Yen-Jie Lin ◽  
Shau-Feng Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Insulin Infusion ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Bq 610

We previously showed that chronic insulin infusion induces insulin resistance, hyperendothelinemia, and hypertension in rats (C. C. Juan, V. S. Fang, C. F. Kwok, J. C. Perng, Y. C. Chou, and L. T. Ho. Metabolism 48: 465–471, 1999). Endothelin-1 (ET-1), a potent vasoconstrictor, is suggested to play an important role in maintaining vascular tone and regulating blood pressure, and insulin increases ET-1 production in vivo and in vitro. In the present study, BQ-610, a selective endothelin A receptor antagonist, was used to examine the role of ET-1 in insulin-induced hypertension in rats. BQ-610 (0.7 mg/ml; 0.5 ml/kg body wt) or normal saline was given intraperitoneally two times daily for 25 days to groups of rats infused with either saline or insulin (2 U/day via sc-implanted osmotic pumps), and changes in plasma levels of insulin, glucose, and ET-1 and the systolic blood pressure were measured over the experimental period, whereas changes in insulin sensitivity were examined at the end of the experimental period. Plasma insulin and ET-1 levels were measured by RIA, plasma glucose levels using a glucose analyzer, systolic blood pressure by the tail-cuff method, and insulin sensitivity by an oral glucose tolerance test. Our studies showed that insulin infusion caused sustained hyperinsulinemia in both saline- and BQ-610-injected rats over the infusion period. After pump implantation (2 wk), the systolic blood pressure was significantly higher in insulin-infused rats than in saline-infused rats in the saline-injected group (133 ± 3.1 vs. 113 ± 1.1 mmHg, P < 0.05) but not in the BQ-610-injected group (117 ± 1.2 vs. 117 ± 1.8 mmHg). Plasma ET-1 levels in both sets of insulin-infused rats were higher than in saline-infused controls (2.5 ± 0.6 and 2.5 ± 0.8 vs. 1.8 ± 0.4 and 1.7 ± 0.3 pmol/l, P < 0.05). Oral glucose tolerance tests showed that BQ-610 treatment did not prevent the insulin resistance caused by chronic insulin infusion. No significant changes were found in insulin sensitivity and blood pressure in saline-infused rats treated with BQ-610. In a separate experiment, insulin infusion induced the increase in arterial ET-1 content, hypertension, and subsequent plasma ET-1 elevation in rats. These results suggest that, in the insulin infusion rat model, ET-1 plays a mediating role in the development of hypertension, but not of insulin resistance.

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