Morphology of a unique sensillum placodeum on the antennae of Coeloides brunneri (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 909-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. V. Richerson ◽  
J. H. Borden ◽  
J. Hollingdale
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Infrared Radiation ◽  
Linear Structure ◽  
Wave Guides ◽  
Directional Wave ◽  
Tormogen Cell ◽  
Dendritic Branches ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Very High

A previously undescribed and unique placoid sensillum was discovered on the antennae of Coeloides brunneri. This elongate, dome-shaped plate organ was examined by light microscopy, and transmission and stereoscan electron microscopy. It differs from other plate organs in that it has two cuticular lamellae suspended internally from the dome of the sensillum. These lamellae separate the internal structure of the plate organ into three channels running the full length of the sensillum. Dendritic branches which enter the plate organ through an aperture in the center of the sensillum's cuticular floor fill the upper two-thirds of the median channel. A tormogen cell fills the two lateral channels and the basal third of the median channel. The linear structure and placement of these plate organs suggest that they are highly directional wave guides capable of perceiving infrared radiation in a manner that would enable C. brunneri to locate its host with a very high degree of accuracy.

Electron Microscopy in Molecular Biology

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 2-3
Author(s):  
Cecil E. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Noise Level ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Material Structure ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Shadow Casting ◽  
Electron Image ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Very High

The visualization of organic macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, viruses and virus components has reached its high degree of effectiveness owing to refinements and reliability of instruments and to the invention of methods for enhancing the structure of these materials within the electron image. The latter techniques have been most important because what can be seen depends upon the molecular and atomic character of the object as modified which is rarely evident in the pristine material. Structure may thus be displayed by the arts of positive and negative staining, shadow casting, replication and other techniques. Enhancement of contrast, which delineates bounds of isolated macromolecules has been effected progressively over the years as illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4 by these methods. We now look to the future wondering what other visions are waiting to be seen. The instrument designers will need to exact from the arts of fabrication the performance that theory has prescribed as well as methods for phase and interference contrast with explorations of the potentialities of very high and very low voltages. Chemistry must play an increasingly important part in future progress by providing specific stain molecules of high visibility, substrates of vanishing “noise” level and means for preservation of molecular structures that usually exist in a solvated condition.

Eucalypt phytoglyphs: The micronanatomical features of the epidermis in relation to taxonomy

1971 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 173 ◽  
Author(s):  
SGM Carr ◽  
L Milkovits ◽  
DJ Carr
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Hardening Process ◽  
Leaf Surfaces ◽  
The Status ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Scanning Electron

The eucalypt leaf contains a store of untapped information of potentially great value taxonomic and evututionary studies. Tie cuticie of certain eucalypts is shown to possess a complex and species-specific ornamentation so distinctive that its features can be regarded as diagnostic. The term "phytoglyph" is coined for the constellation of microanatomical features of the surfaces of leaves, including the microanatomy of the cuticle. Phytoglyphic analysis relates to the combination of three methods, light microscopy of stained cuticles, scanning electron microscopy of leaf surfaces, and light microscopy of thin sections of the cuticular and associated structures. Its use is illustrated by the dissection of the "form species" E. dichromophloia into a number of separate and recognizable entities, some of which were previously accorded the status of species. The plant geographical and other implications of this dissection are dealt with. In particular, E. dichromophloia F. Muell. is to be regarded as a species of very restricted distribution. The microanatomical characters of the cuticle are closely controlled products of the epidermal layers. The fact that specimens which (on other grounds) can be grouped together as a species have identical cuticular microanatomy suggests that the phytoglyph is genetically strongly determined and does not consist of inadvertent, trivial surface features with a high degree of plasticity. This in turn raises the problem of the development of the cuticular microanatomy which cannot be explained on current views of the formation of the cuticle by passive diffusion of precursor substances through the epidermal walls, followed by a hardening process.

Morphology of the elongate sensillum placodeum on the antennae of Aphidius smithi (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae)

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Borden ◽  
A. Rose ◽  
R. J. Chorney
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Host Finding ◽  
Dendritic Branch ◽  
Tormogen Cell ◽  
Dendritic Branches ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cuticular Surface ◽  
Scanning Electron

Elongate placoid sensilla were present on all 20 flagellar segments in five male Aphidius smithi and all but the basal 1 of 17 segments in five females. They are oriented longitudinally, approximately equidistant around the circumference of a segment. Scanning electron microscopy of the internal cuticular surface disclosed lamellae which divide the sensillum into lateral and median channels. Many transverse ridges are present in the ceiling of the median channel. Unlike other species, there is no cuticular floor of the sensillum. Numerous nerve cell bodies in the subcuticular tissue give rise to dendritic processes, a ciliary region, and a region of dendritic branches which lie parallel to each other within the 1-μm-wide median channel underneath the 0.1- to 0.25-μm-thick dome. Each dendritic branch is composed of a neurotubule surrounded by a plasma membrane. The ascending dendrites are flanked by the microvilli of the trichogen cell. A tormogen cell encloses the trichogen cell and extends into the lateral channels of the sensillum. The relationship of minute pores in the dome with the underlying dendritic branches is unclear. The hypothesis is advanced that the sensilla may be involved in host finding through perception of infrared radiation.

Adlafia moseri and A. tjibaoui two new diatom species (Bacillariophyta) from New Caledonia with further observations on Adlafia muscora and Kobayasiella saxicola

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 357 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
JULIEN MARQUIE ◽  
RENE LE COHU ◽  
MICHEL COSTE
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Running Waters ◽  
Diatom Species ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Emended Description ◽  
Very High ◽  
Scanning Electron

During a recent survey of epilithic diatoms in running waters of New Caledonia, two unknown Adlafia Moser, Lange-Bertalot & Metzeltin species were found. Both species are described as new based on light and scanning electron microscopy (LM and SEM). Adlafia moseri sp. nov., is characterised by its margins morphology, its large size and its low stria density, clearly visible in LM. Adlafia tjibaoui sp. nov. shows a very long internal intermissio with curved proximal raphe endings and a very high stria density. Since the generitype Adlafia muscora (Kociolek & de Reviers) Moser, Lange-Bertalot & Metzeltin was poorly described, its diagnosis is emended based on more detailed scanning electron microscopy observations. Kobayasiella saxicola (Manguin) Lange-Bertalot, only described in light microscopy, occurs frequently in some running waters in New Caledonia. An emended description of this taxon is likewise proposed based on additional SEM data.

scholarly journals REFINEMENT OF THE BIS-(THIOACETOXY) AURATE (I) METHOD FOR THE ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC LOCALIZATION OF ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE AND NONSPECIFIC CHOLINESTERASE

1974 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 252-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
GEORGE B. KOELLE ◽  
RICHARD DAVIS ◽  
ELOISE GABEL SMYRL ◽  
ASHLEY V. FINE
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Histochemical Method ◽  
Autonomic Ganglia ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Microscopic Localization ◽  
Detailed Procedure ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Electron Microscopic Localization

The bis-(thioacetoxy) aurate (I) histochemical method has been refined to permit reliable electron microscopic localization of acetylcholinesterase and nonspecific cholinesterase in autonomic ganglia and other mammalian and submammalian tissues. The detailed procedure is presented, along with illustrations of its specificity by light microscopy and high degree of resolution by electron microscopy.

Tissue section lifting for electron microscopy

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-87
Author(s):  
Adrian F. van Dellen
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Organ System ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Paraffin Sections ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Specific Determination ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Accuracy And Repeatability

The morphologic pathologist may require information on the ultrastructure of a non-specific lesion seen under the light microscope before he can make a specific determination. Such lesions, when caused by infectious disease agents, may be sparsely distributed in any organ system. Tissue culture systems, too, may only have widely dispersed foci suitable for ultrastructural study. In these situations, when only a few, small foci in large tissue areas are useful for electron microscopy, it is advantageous to employ a methodology which rapidly selects a single tissue focus that is expected to yield beneficial ultrastructural data from amongst the surrounding tissue. This is in essence what "LIFTING" accomplishes. We have developed LIFTING to a high degree of accuracy and repeatability utilizing the Microlift (Fig 1), and have successfully applied it to tissue culture monolayers, histologic paraffin sections, and tissue blocks with large surface areas that had been initially fixed for either light or electron microscopy.

Two- or three-way observations of the identical cell elements within the same sections by LM, TEM and/or SEM

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nakazo Watari ◽  
Yasuaki Hotta ◽  
Yoshio Mabuchi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Identical Cell ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Scanning Electron

It is very useful if we can observe the identical cell elements within the same sections by light microscopy (LM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and/or scanning electron microscopy (SEM) sequentially, because, the cell fine structure can not be indicated by LM, while the color is; on the other hand, the cell fine structure can be very easily observed by EM, although its color properties may not. However, there is one problem in that LM requires thick sections of over 1 μm, while EM needs very thin sections of under 100 nm. Recently, we have developed a new method to observe the same cell elements within the same plastic sections using both light and transmission (conventional or high-voltage) electron microscopes.In this paper, we have developed two new observation methods for the identical cell elements within the same sections, both plastic-embedded and paraffin-embedded, using light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and/or scanning electron microscopy (Fig. 1).

Tumor Diagnosis

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 262-265
Author(s):  
Bruce Mackay
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Ultrastructural Study ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Specific Diagnosis ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Microscopic Diagnosis

The broadest application of transmission electron microscopy (EM) in diagnostic medicine is the identification of tumors that cannot be classified by routine light microscopy. EM is useful in the evaluation of approximately 10% of human neoplasms, but the extent of its contribution varies considerably. It may provide a specific diagnosis that can not be reached by other means, but in contrast, the information obtained from ultrastructural study of some 10% of tumors does not significantly add to that available from light microscopy. Most cases fall somewhere between these two extremes: EM may correct a light microscopic diagnosis, or serve to narrow a differential diagnosis by excluding some of the possibilities considered by light microscopy. It is particularly important to correlate the EM findings with data from light microscopy, clinical examination, and other diagnostic procedures.

Immunocytochemistry. A Review of Methodology for Electron Microscopic Applicaiton

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 328-329
Author(s):  
Joseph E. Mazurkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Biological Interest ◽  
Investigative Approach ◽  
Immunologic Activity ◽  
Dense Label

Immunocytochemistry is a powerful investigative approach in which one of the most exacting examples of specificity, that of the reaction of an antibody with its antigen, isused to localize tissue and cell specific molecules in situ. Following the introduction of fluorescent labeled antibodies in T950, a large number of molecules of biological interest had been studied with light microscopy, especially antigens involved in the pathogenesis of some diseases. However, with advances in electron microscopy, newer methods were needed which could reveal these reactions at the ultrastructural level. An electron dense label that could be coupled to an antibody without the loss of immunologic activity was desired.

Electron Microscopy of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 258-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S. Boatman ◽  
G. E. Kenny
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Hela Cells ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Gamma Globulin ◽  
Horse Serum ◽  
Morphological Aspects ◽  
The Family

Information concerning the morphology and replication of organism of the family Mycoplasmataceae remains, despite over 70 years of study, highly controversial. Due to their small size observations by light microscopy have not been rewarding. Furthermore, not only are these organisms extremely pleomorphic but their morphology also changes according to growth phase. This study deals with the morphological aspects of M. pneumoniae strain 3546 in relation to growth, interaction with HeLa cells and possible mechanisms of replication.The organisms were grown aerobically at 37°C in a soy peptone yeast dialysate medium supplemented with 12% gamma-globulin free horse serum. The medium was buffered at pH 7.3 with TES [N-tris (hyroxymethyl) methyl-2-aminoethane sulfonic acid] at 10mM concentration. The inoculum, an actively growing culture, was filtered through a 0.5 μm polycarbonate “nuclepore” filter to prevent transfer of all but the smallest aggregates. Growth was assessed at specific periods by colony counts and 800 ml samples of organisms were fixed in situ with 2.5% glutaraldehyde for 3 hrs. at 4°C. Washed cells for sectioning were post-fixed in 0.8% OSO4 in veronal-acetate buffer pH 6.1 for 1 hr. at 21°C. HeLa cells were infected with a filtered inoculum of M. pneumoniae and incubated for 9 days in Leighton tubes with coverslips. The cells were then removed and processed for electron microscopy.

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