Hybridization between northern redbelly dace (Phoxinus eos) and finescale dace (Phoxinus neogaeus) (Osteichthyes: Cyprinidae) in Alberta

Hybridization between northern redbelly dace (Phoxinus eos) and finescale dace (Phoxinus neogaeus) was studied in Upper Pierre Grey Lake, Alberta. Sympatric parental and hybrid populations were compared with allopatric populations from Cameron Lake and Tay Lake, Alberta. Canonical variates and principal components analyses, using 31 morphological characters, revealed that the two parental groups were bridged by an intermediate all-female hybrid group in Upper Pierre Grey Lake. Hybrids made up approximately 33% of the individuals of the sympatic population. Neither backcross nor hybrid F2 individuals could be identified from the analyses, although the majority of hybrids were morphologically more similar to P. neogaeus than to P. eos. No clear evidence of introgressive hybridization was found in either of the sympatric parental species.

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Multivariate analysis of hybridizing Cyprinidae from the Kananaskis Reservoirs, Alberta

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z80-228 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 58 (9) ◽

pp. 1664-1673 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

G. A. Butcher

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Principal Components ◽

Parental Species ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Rhinichthys Cataractae ◽

Canonical Variates ◽

Couesius Plumbeus ◽

Hybrid Group

Principal components and canonical variates analyses of hybridizing Couesius plumbeus (lake chub) and Rhinichthys cataractae (longnose dace) from Upper and Lower Kananaskis Reservoirs, Alberta, using 21 morphological characters, revealed two parental groups bridged continuously by an intermediate hybrid group. This morphological overlap between the hybrids and the parental species indicates that it is not always possible to positively identify "pure" parental individuals from the Kananaskis. Neither backcross nor hybrid F2 individuals could be identified from the analyses, although the Kananaskis R. cataractae showed effects suggestive of either selection or introgression, relative to known R. cataractae from widespread Alberta localities. Rhinichthys cataractae has also declined in numbers relative to C. plumbeus since last studied in 1961. Couesius plumbeus does not show similar effects suggestive of selection or introgression.

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Molecular Structure and Hybridization Patterns of Abramis brama × Rutilus rutilus Hybrids from Modrac Reservoir, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Croatian Journal of Fisheries ◽

10.2478/cjf-2021-0016 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 79 (4) ◽

pp. 147-156

Author(s):

Belma Kalamujić Stroil ◽

Lejla Ušanović ◽

Abdurahim Kalajdžić ◽

Lejla Lasić ◽

Rifat Škrijelj ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽

Parental Species ◽

Gene Diversity ◽

Group Structure ◽

Introgressive Hybridization ◽

Rutilus Rutilus ◽

Natural Hybridization ◽

Abramis Brama ◽

Parental Form ◽

Hybrid Group

Abstract Interspecific hybridization in the Cyprinidae family has been recorded worldwide, with Abramis brama (bream) and Rutilus rutilus (roach) as one of the often-reported hybridizing pairs. The only account of such an event in Bosnia and Herzegovina has been in Modrac Reservoir. Using morphological and molecular markers, the presence of hybrids was surveyed, the hybridization direction was determined and the hybrid group structure in this ecosystem was evaluated. Our findings confirmed unhindered natural hybridization between roach and bream in Modrac Reservoir. Over 50% of the hybrid specimens were classified as F2 hybrids by the NewHybrids software, while the rest were categorized as pure parental form, making it the first such finding in Europe. The analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome b showed that 90% of hybrid individuals were of bream maternal origin. The hybrid group expressed higher mean values of observed heterozygosity and gene diversity than both parental species. Signs of introgressive hybridization between parental species were detected. The hybrid zone of Modrac Reservoir appears to follow the intermediate or “flat” hybrid model based on the balanced distribution of parental and hybrid genotypes. Further investigation is needed to elucidate the factors that enable the survival and mating success of post-F1 individuals.

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Integrative taxonomic and geographic variation analyses in Cyrtodactylus aequalis (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from southern Myanmar (Burma): one species, two different stories

Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution ◽

10.1163/22244662-20191082 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 66 (3-4) ◽

pp. 151-179

Author(s):

L. Lee Grismer ◽

L. Wood Perry ◽

Marta S. Grismer ◽

Evan S.H. Quah ◽

Myint Kyaw Thura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Geographic Variation ◽

Evolutionary History ◽

Phylogenetic Inference ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Biodiversity Crisis ◽

Allopatric Populations ◽

Compelling Argument ◽

Historical Accuracy ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic

The historical accuracy of building taxonomies is improved when they are based on phylogenetic inference (i.e., the resultant classifications are less apt to misrepresent evolutionary history). In fact, taxonomies inferred from statistically significant diagnostic morphological characters in the absence of phylogenetic considerations, can contain non-monophyletic lineages. This is especially true at the species level where small amounts of gene flow may not preclude the evolution of localized adaptions in different geographic areas while underpinning the paraphyletic nature of each population with respect to the other. We illustrate this point by examining genetic and morphological variation among three putatively allopatric populations of the granite-dwelling Bent-toed Gecko Cyrtodactylus aequalis from hilly regions in southeastern Myanmar. In the absence of molecular phylogenetic inference, a compelling argument for three morphologically diagnosable species could be marshaled. However, when basing the morphological analyses of geographic variation on a molecular phylogeny, there is a more compelling argument that only one species should be recognized. We are cognizant of the fact however, that when dealing with rare species or specimens for which no molecular data are possible, judicious morphological analyses are the only option—and the desired option given the current worldwide biodiversity crisis.

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Chloroplast DNA polymorphism reveals geographic structure and introgression in the Quercus crassifolia × Quercus crassipes hybrid complex in Mexico

Botany ◽

10.1139/b07-128 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 86 (3) ◽

pp. 228-239 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

E. Tovar-Sánchez ◽

P. Mussali-Galante ◽

R. Esteban-Jiménez ◽

D. Piñero ◽

D. M. Arias ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parental Species ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Hot Spot ◽

Haplotype Diversity ◽

Hybrid Zones ◽

Chloroplast Microsatellite ◽

Colonization Routes ◽

Allopatric Populations ◽

Genetic Structure Of Populations ◽

Hybrid Complex

Quercus crassifolia H. & B. and Quercus crassipes H. & B. are two common temperate forest species in Mexico that form hybrids when they occur in mixed (sympatric) areas. In this study, we used chloroplast microsatellite haplotypes to infer phylogeographic patterns onto the genetic structure of populations of both parental species, thus defining probable colonization routes throughout Mexico. Haplotype diversity in seven hybrid zones and four allopatric sites with nonmixed (allopatric) populations of both putative parental species was analyzed. To determine the expansion and colonization routes for the two species, we carried out a nested clade phylogeographic analysis that would allow us to infer the haplotype correspondence to a phylogeographical approach. In spite of sharing many common populations, we determined that there is a different genetic historical colonization for Q. crassipes and for Q. crassifolia. Hybrid populations had the highest levels of genetic variation (Gv), Shannon diversity index (H), and haplotype number (nh) in comparison with nonmixed/allopatric populations of their putative parentals. Furthermore, populations of hybrid zones showed the highest values of genetic differentiation FST, RST . Moreover, both species share four distinctive cpDNA haplotypes, which were most likely acquired by introgression through hybrids located in several populations throughout the Eje Neovolcánico area. This last region was confirmed to be a “hot spot” for oak diversity, a place in which different maternal lineages merged.

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New varieties of Diphasiastrum zeilleri (Rouy) Holub (Lycopodiaceae)

Novitates Systematicae Plantarum Vascularium ◽

10.31111/novitates/2016.47.5 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 5-21

Author(s):

Yu. A. Ivanenko

Keyword(s):

Parental Species ◽

Introgressive Hybridization ◽

Growing Season ◽

High Variability ◽

Separate Species ◽

New Variety ◽

Hybrid Species ◽

New Varieties ◽

Light And Shadow ◽

Ecological Forms

Diphasiastrum zeilleri (Rouy) Holub is a hybrid species, with the formula D. complanatum (L.) Holub × D. tristachyum (Pursh) Holub. A high variability of D. zeilleri is due to environmental conditions (light and shadow ecological forms) and probably to introgressive hybridization with the parental species. Intermediate forms between D. zeilleri, D. complanatum and D. tristachyum are quite rare, that allows to treat the three taxa as separate species. D. zeilleri is missing in subarctic regions of Europe and North America, and some degree of its resemblance with D. complanatum subsp. montellii Kukk. is convergent. Lycopodium complanatum f. polystachyum H. Lindb. is considered to belong to D. zeilleri, and an appropriate conbination is published, Diphasiastrum zeilleri var. polystachyum (H. Lindb.) Ivanenko. A new variety Diphasiastrum zeilleri (Rouy) Holub var. ramistachyum Ivanenko is described, differing by sessile strobili formed on the basal part of fertile branches during one growing season. The structure, the base of which is a fertile branch, and the upper part is strobilus (strobili), is proposed to term «strobilus branch». Besides D. zeilleri var. ramistachyum, the strobilus branches are produced by D. issleri (Rouy) Holub, D. oellgaardii Stoor, Boudrie, Jérôme, K. Horn et Bennert, and rarely by D. alpinum (L.) Holub and D. complanatum.

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Clinal Variation in Electrophoretic and Morphological Characters between Two Nominal Species of the Genus Pseudomugil (Pisces : Atheriniformes : Pseudomugilidae)

Marine and Freshwater Research ◽

10.1071/mf9790375 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 375 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

AJ Hadfield ◽

V Ivantsoff ◽

PG Johnson

Keyword(s):

Principal Components ◽

Major Part ◽

Single Species ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Morphological Data ◽

Nominal Species ◽

Clinal Variation ◽

Brackish Waters ◽

Coastal Species ◽

Eastern Australia

Electrophoretic and morphological comparisons were made between 14 populations representing the major part of the known range of the nominal fish species, Pseudomugil signifer Kner and Pseudomugil signatus (Gunther), described from the fresh and brackish waters of eastern Australia. Analysis by principal components was used to assess the morphological data. .Clinal variation revealed in 10 morphological characters and at two enzyme loci was found to bridge most of the previously described differences between species. The type material of P. signatus afinis from the Low Isles, Queensland, was re-examined and did not appear to differ morphologically from the coastal species. It is therefore suggested that the populations studied represent a single species Pseudomugil signifer Kner.

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A morphometric analysis of hybrid salamanders (genus Ambystoma) and their progenitors on Kelleys Island in Lake Erie

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z89-336 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 67 (10) ◽

pp. 2376-2383 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Clifford W. Zeyl ◽

Leslie A. Lowcock

Keyword(s):

Morphometric Analysis ◽

Principal Components ◽

Lake Erie ◽

Meristic Character ◽

Discriminant Functions ◽

Morphometric Characters ◽

Size And Shape ◽

Canonical Variates

Six morphometric characters and one meristic character were measured on 96 adult and 88 juvenile Ambystoma from Kelleys Island, where extensive hybridization involves three species. Canonical variates, discriminant functions, and size-constrained principal components analyses showed that A. laterale (represented only in hybrids on Kelleys Island), A. texanum, A. tigrinum, and A. laterale–texanum–tigrinum are distinguishable from each other and from a complex of hybrids involving A. texanum and A. laterale. Within the latter complex, different ploidies are not distinct morphologically. Introgression may explain isolated atypical individuals. Adults differ from juveniles in both size and shape, demonstrating allometry.

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Taxonomic Position of Anastrangalia reyi and A. sequensi (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) Based on Molecular and Morphological Data

Vestnik Zoologii ◽

10.2478/vzoo-2019-0021 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 53 (3) ◽

pp. 209-226 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. M. Zamoroka ◽

D. V. Semaniuk ◽

V. Yu. Shparyk ◽

T.V. Mykytyn ◽

S. V. Skrypnyk

Keyword(s):

Male Genitalia ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Introgressive Hybridization ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Taxonomic Position ◽

Morphological Data ◽

Similar Species ◽

Dense Cluster ◽

Coi Sequences ◽

Xix Century

Abstract Anastrangalia reyi (Heyden, 1889) and Anastrangalia sequensi (Reitter, 1898) are morphologically similar species described in late of XIX century. The recent barcoding revealed that A. reyi is almost identical to another species, Anastrangalia dubia (Scopoli, 1763), by the sequence of nucleotides in cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (COI). Consequently, the taxonomic position of these species is unclear. We have conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis of available data of COI sequences combined with a study of morphological characters of the male genitalia of A. reyi, A. sequensi and A. dubia. Based on 87 sequenced samples we built well-resolved phylogenetic maximum likelihood tree. We found the clades of A. dubia, A. reyi and A. sequensi to be closely related and arranged in the dense cluster. Despite this, numerous cases of introgressive hybridization of A. reyi and A. dubia were identified, indicating an inadequate reproductive barrier between them. The study of morphological features of male genitalia of A. reyi, A. sequensi and A. dubia shows minor differences between them. Based on these facts and the results of the phylogenetic analysis we propose to consider A. reyi and A. sequensi to be subspecies of A. dubia.

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BIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF THE ARTIFICIAL HYBRIDIZATION BETWEEN Pangasius djambal BLEEKER, 1846 AND Pangasianodon hypophthalmus SAUVAGE, 1878

Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.21082/ijas.v5n2.2004.p70-74 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 70 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rudhy Gustiano

Keyword(s):

Morphological Analysis ◽

Wild Population ◽

Parental Species ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Morphometric Measurements ◽

Biometric Analysis ◽

Pangasianodon Hypophthalmus ◽

Meristic Counts ◽

Potential Impact ◽

Gill Raker

It is really important, since the possible use of these pangasiid hybrids in aquaculture faces the problem of potential impact on wild population. Therefore, it is urgently needed to provide quick identification tools in the field. This study investigated morphological characters of Pangasius djambal and Pangasianodon hypophthalmus and their hybrids. A detailed morphological analysis using 32 morphometric measurements and five meristic counts was done on the hybridization of P. djambal and P. hypophthalmus. Morphometric analysis and meristic counts showed that the reciprocal hybrids have intermediate characters except for gill raker number in which lower than that of parental species. In general, the hybrids have tendency to be like P. hypophthalmus rather than P. djambal. The only typical character of P. djambal appeared on hybrids is teeth shape, both vomerine and palatine. It is clearly defined that the true hybrids have seven pelvic fin rays.

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Micromorphological character expression of the hybrid Quercus × dysophylla and its parental species (Q. crassifolia and Q. crassipes)

Botanical Sciences ◽

10.17129/botsci.875 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 95 (3) ◽

pp. 375

Author(s):

Alfredo López-Caamal ◽

Luz Del Carmen Ruiz-Amaro ◽

Armando Zepeda-Rodríguez ◽

Patricia Mussali-Galante ◽

Efraín Tovar-Sánchez

Keyword(s):

Parental Species ◽

Environmental Gradients ◽

Glandular Trichomes ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Diagnostic Feature ◽

Hybrid Zones ◽

Intermediate Phenotypes ◽

Study Sites ◽

Micromorphological Characters ◽

Spatial Genetic Pattern

Background: Hybridization leads to individuals with atypical phenotypes, leading to taxonomic confusion when hybridizing populations are studied. Micromorphological characters may enable taxonomists to discriminate between parental and hybrid categories due to their simple genetic inheritance.Species study: Three oak taxa distributed in the montane regions of the Mexico were studied: Quercus crassifolia, Q. crassipes and their hybrid Q. × dysophylla.Hypothesis: We describe the leaf micromorphological and macromorphological variation of these taxa. Specifically, we searched for a unique combination of micromorphological characters in hybrids. We hypothesize that spatial micromorphological variation will match the spatial pattern revealed by a previous genetic study.Study sites: Two allopatric stands for each parental species and seven hybrid zones were studied. Individuals within each stand were identified as belonging to parental or hybrid categories following previous genetic analyses.Methods: Stomata and trichome types for each taxa were determined through Scanning Electron Microscopy. Eight micromorphological characters for trichomes and stomata and four foliar macromorphological characters were measured.Results: We found the presence of both multirradiate and simple stellate non-glandular trichomes as a diagnostic feature of Q. × dysophylla. Overall populations, Q. × dysophylla showed intermediate phenotypes in 70 % of morphological characters. However, hybrid phenotype exhibited geographical variation. Lastly, spatial hybrid’s phenotype variation did not correlate with the spatial genetic pattern previously identified.Conclusions: The micromorphological features of Q. × dysophylla may enable taxonomists to accurately discriminate between this taxon and its parental species. Finally, we suggest that micromorphological expression of both parental species and hybrids may be influenced by environmental gradients and microclimates.

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