Elemental concentration in the hair taken from healthy people for the past 20 years — 2. Sex-specific differences and changes with age

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 29-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Sera ◽  
S. Goto ◽  
T. Hosokawa ◽  
C. Takahashi ◽  
J. Itoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Elemental Concentration ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
The Past ◽  
Iron Copper ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Iwate Prefecture

A standard-free method for untreated hairs has been applied to quantitative analysis of the hairs taken from 1256 healthy people living in the Iwate prefecture, Japan. It was found that there are clear sex-specific differences in the concentration of some elements. Concentrations of many essential elements, such as calcium, magnesium, iron, copper, zinc and bromine, are clearly higher for female. In particular, calcium concentration is 2.6 times higher for female in comparison with that for male. Contrarily, concentrations of some toxic elements such as chromium, arsenic and mercury are higher for male. On the other hand, concentrations of many elements vary with age. Those of calcium, magnesium and zinc start to increase in the middle of teens and reach maximum in the middle of twenties for female. Mercury concentration increases as the ages advance, while those of chromium, arsenic and lead show no clear changes with age.

Elemental concentration in the hair taken from healthy people for the past 20 years — 1. Long-term changes over 20 years

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 15-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Sera ◽  
S. Goto ◽  
T. Hosokawa ◽  
C. Takahashi ◽  
J. Itoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Elemental Concentration ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Long Term Variations

We developed a standard-free method for untreated hairs and the method has been applied to quantitative analysis of more than 30,000 hairs taken from the people concerned in order to evaluate exposure to some toxic elements and intakes of essential elements. Besides these analyses, we have measured nearly 2000 hairs collected from healthy people in Japan over the past 20 years. It was found that concentrations of some elements, such as vanadium, chromium, manganese, copper and mercury, keep increasing up to the present. Such tendencies were particularly notable for female, while not clearly observed for male. Concentrations of some essential elements, such as calcium, magnesium and zinc, show no obvious long-term variations. On the other hand, iron and selenium show slightly decreasing tendencies. With regard to toxic elements, it was found that arsenic, chromium and mercury are tending to increase year by year.

ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS OF EDIBLE PLANTS IN NATURAL ENVIRONMENT: Trace Elements in Wild Plants

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 119-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. ITOH ◽  
Y. SAITOH ◽  
S. FUTATSUGAWA ◽  
K. ISHII ◽  
K. SERA
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Elemental Concentration ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Measured Concentration ◽  
Iron Copper ◽  
Soil Activity ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Iwate Prefecture

We have measured concentration of multi elements in wild plants collected in Iwate prefecture, Japan. It is found that wild plants contain essential elements such as iron, copper and zinc in the same degree or more in comparison with those in vegetables on the market. It is also found that wild plants contain toxic elements such as chromium and lead in the same degree or less in comparison with vegetables on the market. We took the soils together with the wild plants in nine representative spots and analyzed elemental concentration in them in order to examine the relationship of elemental concentration between plants and soils. Although elemental concentration in each soil has distinguished features, which in wild plants grown on the soil does not directly reflect that in the soil. It is expected that elemental concentration in wild plants is influenced by various factors such as chemical state of existing elements in the soil, pH of the soil, activity of microorganism in the soil, and many other factors.

STUDIES ON DAILY CHANGES OF ELEMENTAL CONCENTRATION IN BEARD SAMPLES BY MEANS OF THE STANDARD-FREE METHOD

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 169-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. SERA ◽  
T. SASAKI ◽  
J. ITOH ◽  
Y. SAITOH
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Elemental Concentration ◽  
Arsenic Concentration ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
The Body ◽  
Clear Correlation ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Daily Ingestion ◽  
The Face ◽  
Daily Changes

We developed and reported a standard-free method for beard (including mustache and whiskers) samples that enables us to quantitatively analyze powdered beard samples of extremely small quantity. In order to investigate intake of essential elements and also exposure to toxic elements, daily changes of elemental concentration in the body give us essential information. Firstly, we have measured dependence of elemental concentration in beard, mustache and whiskers on the collecting regions in the face. Then, daily changes of elemental concentration in the body, which reflect daily ingestion of foods and waters, have been estimated by means of quantitative analyses of beard samples. These beard samples were taken from three persons everyday over successive 7, 14 and 33 days, respectively. As a result, some elements show long-term changes and a few toxic elements such as arsenic and lead exhibit changes in a period of a few days. We have also measured daily changes of elemental concentration in urine and beard taken from the same person at the same time every half day over 10 days, and clear correlation of daily changes of the arsenic concentration between urine and beard samples was observed. It is found that the standard-free method is quite effective for beard samples of very small quantities, and that beard analyses are quite suited to studies on daily changes of elemental concentration in the human body in comparison with the other samples depending on the elements.

ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS OF VEGETABLES ON THE MARKET — Comparison with Wild Plants

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 209-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. ITOH ◽  
Y. SAITOH ◽  
S. FUTATSUGAWA ◽  
K. SERA
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Concentration ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Measured Concentration ◽  
Specific Element ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Growing Environment ◽  
Iwate Prefecture ◽  
Cu And Zn

We have measured concentration of multi elements in vegetables on the market and a wild plant gathered around Nishina Memorial Cyclotron Center in Iwate prefecture by means of PIXE. Elemental concentration in vegetables cultivated by spraying mineral-rich waters was also analyzed. As a result, it is found that the mineral-supplying vegetables abundantly contain essential elements for body such as K , Ca , Fe , Cu and Zn in comparison with ordinary ones. With regard to a wild plant, concentration of essential elements such as Ca , Cu and Zn shows no clear difference in comparison with that in commercially available one of the same kind, while that of toxic elements such as Cr and Pb is relatively higher. Moreover, it is suggested that the wild plant has a certain property of concentrating a specific element depending on its growing period. The relation between elemental concentration in the plants and that in their growing environment, such as water and soil, was also examined. It is also suggested that elemental concentration in vegetables reflects elemental constituent not only of the soil but also of the sprayed water as well as of the fertilizer.

scholarly journals Vitamin D, Essential Minerals, and Toxic Elements: Exploring Interactions between Nutrients and Toxicants in Clinical Medicine

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerry K. Schwalfenberg ◽  
Stephen J. Genuis
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Biological Function ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Physiological Function ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Inorganic Elements ◽  
Essential Minerals ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Copper Zinc

In clinical medicine, increasing attention is being directed towards the important areas of nutritional biochemistry and toxicant bioaccumulation as they relate to human health and chronic disease. Optimal nutritional status, including healthy levels of vitamin D and essential minerals, is requisite for proper physiological function; conversely, accrual of toxic elements has the potential to impair normal physiology. It is evident that vitamin D intake can facilitate the absorption and assimilation of essential inorganic elements (such as calcium, magnesium, copper, zinc, iron, and selenium) but also the uptake of toxic elements (such as lead, arsenic, aluminum, cobalt, and strontium). Furthermore, sufficiency of essential minerals appears to resist the uptake of toxic metals. This paper explores the literature to determine a suitable clinical approach with regard to vitamin D and essential mineral intake to achieve optimal biological function and to avoid harm in order to prevent and overcome illness. It appears preferable to secure essential mineral status in conjunction with adequate vitamin D, as intake of vitamin D in the absence of mineral sufficiency may result in facilitation of toxic element absorption with potential adverse clinical outcomes.

scholarly journals Chemical and Mineral Compositions of Ostrich (Struthio camelus) egg in Southern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-114
Author(s):  
Rasheed S. Amao
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
National Park ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Iron Copper ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Phosphorus Iron ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Mineral Compositions ◽  
Egg Components

Introduction: Egg quality and its components are important indices to consumers, and the economic success of producers depend on the total number of eggs sold. Egg quality is based on the characteristics of the eggs that affect its acceptability, and the egg components are of nutritional importance. Therefore, the study was carried out to determine the chemical and mineral compositions of ostrich eggs found in southern guinea savannah environ of Nigeria. Methods: Eighty freshly laid eggs were obtained from Ostrich birds in Old Oyo National Park and were used for the experiments. Data were obtained for chemical composition on moisture, carbohydrate, protein, lipid, cholesterol and ash components separately for both albumen and yolk of the eggs while mineral composition observed were Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Iron, copper, Zinc and Manganese. Results: The findings on chemical composition revealed that the protein (17.35), moisture (85.59) and ash contents (1.90) were significantly (p<0.05) higher in albumen than in yolk. The carbohydrate (0.98), lipid (30.47) and cholesterol (13.40) contents mean percentages were higher in yolk than in albumen. The mineral compositions of albumen and yolk of ostrich eggs indicated that the yolk as a content had the higher values of 135.35, 380.40, 20.35, 10.38, 2.25, 1.85 and 2.50 ppms in calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, copper, zinc and manganese respectively than these variables in albumen while albumen contents was only higher in potassium (160.25 ppm) than in the yolk. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the information provided in this study could be a template of criteria for comparison and improvement for Ostrich eggs in the environment.

scholarly journals Comprehensive dissection into morpho-physiologic responses, ionomic homeostasis, and transcriptomic profiling reveals the systematic resistance of allotetraploid rapeseed to salinity

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-na Feng ◽  
Jia-qian Cui ◽  
Ting Zhou ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Cai-peng Yue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Yield ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Stimulus Response ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Salinity Resistance

Abstract Background Salinity severely inhibit crop growth, yield, and quality worldwide. Allotetraploid rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), a major glycophyte oil crop, is susceptible to salinity. Understanding the physiological and molecular strategies of rapeseed salinity resistance is a promising and cost-effective strategy for developing highly resistant cultivars. Results First, early leaf senescence was identified and root system growth was inhibited in rapeseed plants under severe salinity conditions. Electron microscopic analysis revealed that 200 mM NaCl induced fewer leaf trichomes and stoma, cell plasmolysis, and chloroplast degradation. Primary and secondary metabolite assays showed that salinity led to an obviously increased anthocyanin, osmoregulatory substances, abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, pectin, cellulose, reactive oxygen species, and antioxidant activity, and resulted in markedly decreased photosynthetic pigments, indoleacetic acid, cytokinin, gibberellin, and lignin. ICP-MS assisted ionomics showed that salinity significantly constrained the absorption of essential elements, including the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, mangnese, copper, zinc, and boron nutrients, and induced the increase in the sodium/potassium ratio. Genome-wide transcriptomics revealed that the differentially expressed genes were involved mainly in photosynthesis, stimulus response, hormone signal biosynthesis/transduction, and nutrient transport under salinity. Conclusions The high-resolution salt-responsive gene expression profiling helped the efficient characterization of central members regulating plant salinity resistance. These findings might enhance integrated comprehensive understanding of the morpho-physiologic and molecular responses to salinity and provide elite genetic resources for the genetic modification of salinity-resistant crop species.

scholarly journals The Essential Elements of Alzheimer’s Disease

2020 ◽  
pp. jbc.REV120.008207
Author(s):  
Peng Lei ◽  
Scott Ayton ◽  
Ashley I Bush
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Amyloid Plaque ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Iron Copper ◽  
New Thinking ◽  
Copper Zinc

Treatments for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) directed against the prominent amyloid plaque neuropathology have yet to prove effective despite many phase 3 clinical trials. There are several other neurochemical abnormalities that occur in the Alzheimer’s disease brain that warrant renewed emphasis as potential therapeutic targets for this disease. Among those are the elementomic signatures of iron, copper, zinc, and selenium. Here we review these essential elements of Alzheimer’s disease for their broad potential to contribute to Alzheimer’s pathophysiology, and we also highlight more recent attempts to translate these findings into therapeutics. A reinspection of large bodies of discovery in the AD field, such as this, may inspire new thinking about pathogenesis and therapeutic targets.

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