Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevents Inflammation in CCL4-Related Liver Injury in Mice

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (01) ◽  
pp. 119-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. M. Li ◽  
P. Ryan ◽  
R. G. Batey
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Chinese Herbal ◽  
Alternative Medicines ◽  
Histological Damage ◽  
Hepatocyte Necrosis ◽  
Hepatic Histology

Alternative medicines are being increasingly used and investigated in the management of a variety of disorders. Hepatitis is a common indication for the use of alternative therapies but evidence for the efficacy of many compounds is lacking. We have utilized a well-defined model of liver injury to study the efficacy of three herbal products designed to assist in the management of liver disease. Mice were exposed to carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) given intragastrically after they had been pretreated for five days with either saline or one of four doses of silymarin extract or CH100 (a Chinese herbal medicine comprising of 19 herbs) or one of two doses of CH101 (a Chinese herbal preparation designed to reduce fibrosis). Animals were sacrificed 24 hours after receiving CCL4. Liver enzymes and hepatic histology formed the basis for evaluating efficacy of the treatments. Each of the alternative medicines reduced the alanine amino transferase (ALT) elevation demonstrated after CCL4 injection. The high dose CH100 regimen was most effective in protecting against injury and this was confirmed with hepatic histology. Other doses of CH100, CH101 and silymarin were not shown to provide protection against the histological damage. In conclusion, Silymarin, CH100 and CH101 are able to reduce ALT elevation in animals exposed to CCL4. High dose CH100 provides protection from hepatocyte necrosis in this model. The data add to our understanding of the capacity some herbal medicines have to modify the reaction of the liver to a variety of insults and suggest the value of studying these agents further in human liver diseases.

scholarly journals Disulfiram-Induced Acute Liver Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Lucas Ramer ◽  
Matthieu Tihy ◽  
Nicolas Goossens ◽  
Jean-Louis Frossard ◽  
Laura Rubbia-Brandt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Acute Hepatitis ◽  
Fulminant Hepatitis ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Drug Withdrawal ◽  
Acute Liver Injury ◽  
True Incidence ◽  
Elevated Liver Enzymes ◽  
Severity Of Injury ◽  
Hepatocyte Necrosis

Disulfiram is a drug used to treat alcohol dependence since many years. It interferes with the metabolism of alcohol, may be associated with neurological and dermatological symptoms, and can be hepatotoxic. Due to the frequent coexistent liver test alterations due to alcohol, the true incidence of disulfiram-associated liver injury is unclear and severity of injury may vary from mildly elevated liver enzymes to fulminant hepatitis leading to death. There are several reported cases of disulfiram hepatitis in the literature. Liver histology, when available, demonstrates some degree of portal inflammation with eosinophils and hepatocyte necrosis. We present here a well-documented case of acute hepatitis due to disulfiram with typical histological lesions, favorable outcome following drug withdrawal, and a brief steroid course. The risk of hepatotoxicity should be kept in mind when prescribing disulfiram.

scholarly journals A Network-Based Pharmacology Study of the Herb-Induced Liver Injury Potential of Traditional Hepatoprotective Chinese Herbal Medicines

Molecules ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Hong ◽  
Sha Li ◽  
Hor Tan ◽  
Fan Cheung ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Chinese Herbal Medicines ◽  
Chinese Herbal ◽  
Injury Potential

scholarly journals Some Thoughts on the Safety Issues Relating to Chinese Herbal Products

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 462-469
Author(s):  
Dan Bensky ◽  
Erich Stöger
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Patient Encounter ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Chinese Herbal

As Chinese medicine becomes more and more integrated into the fabric of health care in economically developed countries, it runs into a variety of problems. These relate to education, licensing, and communications. In this article, we would like to focus on one important aspect—what does it mean to prescribe Chinese herbal medicines (CHM) responsibly at the present time? This issue confronts all Chinese herbalists (CH) in almost every patient encounter, and involves two major points that medical practitioners of all persuasions have to be cognizant of and which could be approached in a number of ways: safety and efficacy. How do we prescribe in a way that promotes the health of the patient without doing harm? We need to remember that all medicines, herbal or otherwise, have potential side effects and risks to patients, and that we need to take appropriate measures.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Review and Perspective of Herbal Medicines in the Treatment of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 70-95
Author(s):  
Afrasim Moin ◽  
S. Meenakshi ◽  
Syed Mohd Danish Rizvi ◽  
Nanhi Nandini ◽  
Talib Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Targets ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Herbal Drugs ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Direct Inhibition ◽  
Wuhan City ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Alternative Medicines ◽  
Global Concern ◽  
Approved Drugs

Background: An emergent COVID-19 outbreak originated in Wuhan City, in December 2019. The COVID-19 contamination has swiftly unfold from Wuhan to maximum different provinces and different 24 countries. WHO declared a public health emergency of global concern over this worldwide COVID-19 outbreak on 30th January 2020. Manifold research has been intensely initiated for immunization and drug development for COVID-19 till date no specific vaccine or approved drugs are accessible for COVID-19. Alternatively, therapy consists of supportive care and non-specific anti-viral, anti-malarial, and antibiotics are being testedas drugs for COVID-19. Though, novel approaches could play a crucial role to combat mortality rate and patient recovery in the treatment of COVID-19. Objective: To reveal the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and comparison of promising synthetic and natural drug targets to avert and cure of COVID-19. Method: This article sets a brief understanding of the viral characteristics, its life cycle, infection to humans, and the pathophysiology of the disease. It also throws light on the currently used synthetic medicines. we have reviewed the effect of natural products to prevent or treat COVID-19 infection. Their mechanisms of action have been elaborately discussed. literature research was undertaken using PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and WHO website. The different herbal products (extracts) and their moieties which are promising as anti-SARS-CoV-2 by direct inhibition of the virus replication or entry has also been discussed. Results and Conclusion: In conclusion we have highlighted that natural therapeutics either alone or in combinationcould be used as alternative medicines to treat/prevent COVID-19 infection. Moreover, their structures may offer clues for the development of anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs.The integration of nanocarriers for effectively delivering the conventional as well as the herbal drugs becomes a key point for their efficacy and safety.

scholarly journals Natural Products as Adjunctive Treatment for Pancreatic Cancer: Recent Trends and Advancements

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingxi Yue ◽  
Guogang Gao ◽  
Gangyong Zou ◽  
Haiqing Yu ◽  
Xi Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Adjunctive Treatment ◽  
Chinese Herbal ◽  
Alternative Medicines ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Recent Trends

Pancreatic cancer is a type of common malignant tumors with high occurrence in the world. Most patients presented in clinic had pancreatic cancer at advanced stages. Furthermore, chemotherapy or radiotherapy had very limited success in treating pancreatic cancer. Complementary and alternative medicines, such as natural products/herbal medicines, represent exciting adjunctive therapies. In this review, we summarize the recent advances of using natural products/herbal medicines, such as Chinese herbal medicine, in combination with conventional chemotherapeutic agents to treat pancreatic cancer in preclinical and clinical trials.

scholarly journals Hepatotoxic Botanicals - An Evidence-based Systematic Review

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reem J Abdualmjid ◽  
Consolato Sergi
Keyword(s):  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Hepatic Necrosis ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Alternative Medicines ◽  
Natural Medicine ◽  
Elevated Liver Enzymes

Purpose. Herbal medicines have been increasingly used worldwide. However, the potential harms of these herbs have been noticed most recently following hepatotoxicity with ingestion of herbal remedies. The aim of this review is to evaluate the evidence of hepatotoxic effects linked to use of herbal preparations. Method. Electronic search was performed by searching several databases: PubMed, HerbMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Cochrane Library using both Latin and common names of several herbs. Language was restricted to English and articles were selected for relevance reporting incidence of hepatotoxicity associated with use of herbal products in human. Results. From a total of 565 relevant reviews and articles, 254 met our inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Serious hepatotoxic events associated with various herbal products alone or in combination with other drugs have been reported. Linking to herbal constituents the spectrum of liver toxicity includes elevated liver enzymes, acute or chronic hepatitis, cholestasis, hepatic necrosis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis, as well as acute liver failure and hepatic veno-occlusive disease. Conclusion. The hepatotoxicity of herbs was extensively acknowledged. As the use of natural medicine increases, the risk of liver toxicity and drug interaction increase as well. Accordingly, herbal remedies have been known as hepatotoxins causing several liver damages. Further scientific studies with high and good quality are needed to identify toxic compounds and understand the exact mechanism of hepatotoxicity-induced by herbs. The adverse effects of herbal products must be fully reported as well as extensive education of healthcare providers must be provided in order to reduce danger of alternative medicines. This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page.

scholarly journals Characterisation and Expression Analysis of Hydroxyphenylpyruvate Reductase derived from Orthosiphon aristatus

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-42
Author(s):  
Zuliza Ahmad ◽  
Ahmad Husaini ◽  
Hairul Azman Roslan
Keyword(s):  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Salvia Miltiorrhiza ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Chemical Constituent ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Alternative Medicines ◽  
Rapid Amplification

Herbal products are getting more popular as alternative medicines and food supplements. The therapeutic effects of herbal medicines are mainly attributed to their bioactive secondary metabolites. Orthosiphon aristatus, locally known as ‘Misai Kucing’, is known for its various health benefits. One of the main chemical constituent of O. aristatus is rosmarinic acid, a plant polyphenol that has been proven to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities. Hydroxyphenylpyruvate reductase (HPPR) is one of the enzymes involved in rosmarinic acid biosynthetic pathway. Here we report the effect of UV on HPPR expression and the isolation of a full-length hppr cDNA from O. aristatus via rapid amplification of cDNA ends polymerase chain reaction. An increase in the expression was detected when the plant was exposed to UV and detected via the expression of hppr transcript. A 1116 bp nucleotide putative cDNA was isolated corresponding to 307 predicted amino acid. We have also isolated the 5’ and 3’ untranslated regions with a length of 54 bp and 123 bp, respectively. Sequence similarity analysis was performed against NCBI genebank and the BLAST result showed that the putative hppr cDNA isolated from O. aristatus exhibited high similarities with other hppr cDNA of the members of the Lamiaceae family such as Perilla frutescens, Salvia officinalis, Salvia miltiorrhiza and Solenostemon scutellarioides.

The effect of education on buyer behaviour in relation to equine herbal medicine

2006 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 259-262
Author(s):  
C.F. Bolwell ◽  
D. M. Abraham
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
The Body ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Alternative Medicines ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Buyer Behaviour ◽  
Cam Use ◽  
Specific Symptoms

Herbal medicines are used in the horse to treat disease and help sustain optimum health within the body (Fleming, 2002). The popularity of complementary alternative medicines (CAM) in humans, such as herbal medicine, is continually growing across the United Kingdom (Ernst and White, 2000) and worldwide (Maclennon et al., 2003). The ability of alternative medicine to provide relief of specific symptoms to ailments is thought to be a major factor contributing to the rise of CAM (Pascoe, 2002). Much research has been conducted assessing the market for herbal products in humans, but little has been done on equine herbal products. Research by Astin (1998) suggests that a significant predictor of CAM use in humans is the buyers’ level of education; at least 50 % of respondents using CAM had degrees. A higher level of education allowed buyers to gain an understanding of the use of CAM and how it works.

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