IS MERITOCRACY OUTMODED IN A KNOWLEDGE-BASED ECONOMY?

2001 ◽  
Vol 46 (01) ◽  
pp. 17-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEPHEN J. APPOLD
Keyword(s):  
Job Performance ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Internal Labor Markets ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
The Past ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Stratification System ◽  
High Level ◽  
Real Responsibility

Singapore prides itself on its system of meritocracy that is meant to channel the most capable individuals to the most critical positions. Performance in school, buttressed by a system of university scholarships, identifies potential stars early on. Scholars are often carefully groomed in the early years of their working careers and screened further. Only the best reach positions of real responsibility. Such a system worked well in the past and some researchers have held the meritocratic stratification system at least partially responsible for Singapore's economic growth (and that of some other Asian countries). The meritocratic system, however, is not well-suited to the exigencies of knowledge-based economies; these require a broad base of committed workers each with a high level of skill. As tasks and needs rapidly shift, so may job performance. Building on information gathered from Singaporean workplaces and on theories of internal labor markets, this paper will identify how a meritocratic stratification system limits overall job performance by producing only a small number of committed workers. This paper will illustrate how a stratification system capable of motivating a larger number of workers would work and discuss adaptation issues.

The Emerging Paradigm for Technology Learning in the Knowledge Society

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 222-226
Author(s):  
Adelaide Maria Coelho Baěta
Keyword(s):  
Technology Development ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Learning Needs ◽  
Technology Learning ◽  
The Past ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Technology Incubator ◽  
Flow Of Information ◽  
Enterprise Creation

This paper examines the significance of the technology incubator in Brazil's transition from an industrial to a knowledge-based economy. The author examines how incubators can contribute to technology development and enterprise creation, stressing their ability to provide a two-way flow of information between higher education institutions and the private sector, breaking down the mutual distrust that has often hindered the successful exploitation of R&D in the past. The author discusses both the learning needs of companies and the ways in which universities need to change to adapt to the demands of the new knowledge society, placing this analysis in the context of how incubators can be organized to function efficiently. In illustration, she provides the working example of the Biominas Incubator in the state of Minas Gerais.

scholarly journals CULTURE AS A FACTOR OF KNOWLEDGE ECONOMICS WITH PARADIGMATIC CHANGES IN SYSTEMIC INSTITUTIONAL CONTEXT

2018 ◽  
pp. 58-66
Author(s):  
GIVI BEDIANASHVILI
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Industrial Society ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Level Of Automation ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Agriculture Industry ◽  
Institutional Structures ◽  
Manufacturing Activity ◽  
High Level

In modern conditions it is important to develop a systemic and institutional concept of culture as a form of knowledge economy. In order to present a systemic concept of knowledge and culture in the formation of knowledge economy, I think the new meaning of paradigmatic and conceptual aspects of economic science is of particular importance. In addition, the systematic representation of the cognition process is particularly important. As shown by the practice of recent years, the main problems in the form of knowledge technology are solved, which will facilitate the improvement of the “cognitive” function of economic science and enhance its practical benefits. The modern stage of globalization is characterized by a number of specific peculiarities of post-dosystem development, which, in our view, is important to the development of knowledge-based economy (knowledge economy). It is noteworthy that globalization stems from adding global dimensional dimensions to the knowledge economy, such as resource-technological, informative, communicative and institutional structures. In addition, we think it is necessary to understand the knowledge of the knowledge economy. This makes it possible to develop culture with knowledge as a factor of forming a knowledge economy. According to the Postindustural Theory, the main resource of the post-denser economy is information and knowledge, the main type of manufacturing activity is the high level of automation of the production, the science of technologies used primarily from the main technologies, and various services are the most common types of economic activity. In industrial society, the field of agriculture, industry - Industry, Postindustry - determinants are already theoretical knowledge with universities, as a place of active and generating knowledge.

Transition towards a Knowledge Society: Malaysia and Indonesia in Comparative Perspective

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-373
Author(s):  
Hans-Dieter Evers
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Political Leadership ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
Comparative Perspective ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
The Social ◽  
Basic Features

Malaysia and Indonesia see themselves as being on the way of developing into knowledge societies. Indonesia’s political leadership only vaguely circumscribes the characteristics of this new stage of development. Malaysia’s political elite has, however, developed a vision when and how to reach the stage of a fully developed industrialised nation with a knowledge-based economy. This paper outlines the basic features of a knowledge society and analyses some of the social and cultural preconditions as well as consequences in reaching the stage of a knowledge society. It finally attempts to answer the question, how far Malaysia and Indonesia have advanced towards the stage of a knowledge society in comparison to other European and Asian countries.

scholarly journals Gospodarka oparta na wiedzy a globalne procesy geopolityczne

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
Janusz T. Hryniewicz
Keyword(s):  
Financial Market ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Intense Process

Emergence of the knowledge-based economy coincides with the process of deindustrialization in the more wealthy countries. In some Asian countries, we can observe an intense process of industrialization. The main goal of this article is to verify the advantages and losses coming from participating in the global economy in the light of the “centre – periphery” theory. Transfer of industrial production to peripheral countries counteracts lowering of life-standards and indirectly favours political stability in the centre countries. Global financial market is a tool for the exploitation of peripheral countries. Financial speculations in the centre countries cause political destabilization in the peripheral countries. The higher the participation of a periphery country in the global economy, the higher the losses it suffers, and the higher the advantages for the centre countries.

scholarly journals Sustainable Management of a Korean Firm: Transformation of the Value Chain in Cheil Industries Inc.

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-133
Author(s):  
Woo Jun
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Culture ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The Past ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Korean Firm

By using a new conceptual model of ‘Smile Curve’, this research strives to examine how Cheil Industries Inc. (CI) has been transforming its value chain to create its competitive advantage. According to the results, CI’s value-added structure in the past (conventional industrialization economy) was heavily reliant on the manufacturing sector, and therefore, the profit graph shaped an ‘Upside-down Shape of U’ indicating that production and manufacturing are the most value-added fields. However, CI’s current (knowledge-based economy) graph shows a ‘U with Fluent Curve’ indicating that R&D, human resources, corporate culture, firm infrastructure, manufacturing, logistics and marketing are simultaneously creating value-added for the company. This implies that CI’s value-added source is more diversified to fit with knowledge-based economy.

scholarly journals Knowledge-based competitiveness indices and its connection with energy indices

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (suppl. 2) ◽  
pp. 451-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Katic ◽  
Ilija Cosic ◽  
Aleksandar Kupusinac ◽  
Marko Vasiljevic ◽  
Ivan Stojic
Keyword(s):  
Major Elements ◽  
Study Analysis ◽  
Insufficient Information ◽  
The Past ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Energy Indices ◽  
Major Trend ◽  
Relevant Level ◽  
Special Category

Knowledge-based economy has become a major trend in international society in the 21st century. However, today?s strategies place a greater emphasis on sustainability than in the past, while continuing to emphasize the importance of education and its connection with labour market. There has been a re-orientation, where resource, eco-efficiency and innovation have become major elements for achieving national objectives and a relevant level of competitiveness. This article deals with 30 indices, which define the competitiveness of a specific economy, and involve knowledge parameters. They are classified into four main categories and one special category. They are then analysed regarding the participation of Serbia and their availability. The main focus of this paper is to give detailed analyses of energy indices, as a special category of knowledge indexes. It has been shown that Serbia, in many cases, was not included in the study analysis or that there was insufficient information about Serbia?s position. This article shows that only a part of the presented indices includes Serbia. It is concluded that a new, revised model is needed that will include more exact indicators.

The Past, Present, and Future of End-User Performance

2008 ◽  
pp. 2266-2273
Author(s):  
I. M. Jawahar
Keyword(s):  
Computer Literacy ◽  
Senior Management ◽  
User Performance ◽  
End User ◽  
The Past ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Management Positions ◽  
Sophisticated User ◽  
End User Computing

Over the last decade, end-user computing has become an integral part of the organizational landscape. The emergence of end-user computing can be attributed to the necessity to manage and to effectively use information to function in a knowledge-based economy. Because of the increased organizational computing needs, computer literacy requirements have skyrocketed for clerical and support staff and for many middle and senior management positions (Bowman, Grupe, & Simkin, 1995). The proliferation of microcomputers and the availability of sophisticated user application tools (Shayo, Guthrie, & Igbaria, 1999) have facilitated the widespread implementation of end-user computing technology.

The Past, Present, and Future of End-User Performance

2005 ◽  
pp. 2826-2830
Author(s):  
I. M. Jawahar
Keyword(s):  
Computer Literacy ◽  
Senior Management ◽  
User Performance ◽  
End User ◽  
The Past ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Management Positions ◽  
Sophisticated User ◽  
End User Computing

Over the last decade, end-user computing has become an integral part of the organizational landscape. The emergence of end-user computing can be attributed to the necessity to manage and to effectively use information to function in a knowledge-based economy. Because of the increased organizational computing needs, computer literacy requirements have skyrocketed for clerical and support staff and for many middle and senior management positions (Bowman, Grupe, & Simkin, 1995). The proliferation of microcomputers and the availability of sophisticated user application tools (Shayo, Guthrie, & Igbaria, 1999) have facilitated the widespread implementation of end-user computing technology.

A Short History of Bioengineering Research in Ireland

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Kelly ◽  
Fergal J. O'Brien ◽  
Patrick J. Prendergast
Keyword(s):  
Medical Device ◽  
Short History ◽  
World Congress ◽  
Government Investment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Science Innovation

In July 2018, Ireland will host the World Congress of Biomechanics in Dublin. This Congress is held once every 4 yr and is the premier meeting worldwide in its field, with over 3000 people expected to visit Dublin in July. The awarding of the 2018 Congress to Ireland is a reflection of the strength of biomechanics and bioengineering research in this country. To mark this event, herein we describe the development of biomechanics and bioengineering research in Ireland over the past 40 yr, which has grown in parallel with the medical device industry as well as the expansion of Government investment in science, innovation, and a knowledge-based economy. The growth of this activity has resulted in Ireland becoming established as a global hub in the field.

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