scholarly journals Cosmic-ray antiprotons in the AMS-02 era: A sensitive probe of dark matter

2020 ◽  
pp. 2130003
Author(s):  
Jan Heisig
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Production Cross ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Systematic Errors ◽  
Primary Component ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Correlated Errors ◽  
Precise Data

Cosmic-ray antiprotons are a powerful tool for astroparticle physics. While the bulk of measured antiprotons is consistent with a secondary origin, the precise data of the AMS-02 experiment provides us with encouraging prospects to search for a subdominant primary component, e.g. from dark matter. In this brief review, we discuss recent limits on heavy dark matter as well as a tentative signal from annihilation of dark matter with a mass [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]100 GeV. We emphasize the special role of systematic errors that can affect the signal. In particular, we discuss recent progress in the modeling of secondary production cross-sections and correlated errors in the AMS-02 data, the dominant ones originating from uncertainties in the cross-sections for cosmic-ray absorption in the detector.

scholarly journals Are Further Cross Section Measurements Necessary for Space Radiation Protection or Ion Therapy Applications? Helium Projectiles

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Norbury ◽  
Giuseppe Battistoni ◽  
Judith Besuglow ◽  
Luca Bocchini ◽  
Daria Boscolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Nuclear Reactions ◽  
Production Cross ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Space Radiation ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
Light Ions ◽  
Ion Therapy

The helium (4He) component of the primary particles in the galactic cosmic ray spectrum makes significant contributions to the total astronaut radiation exposure. 4He ions are also desirable for direct applications in ion therapy. They contribute smaller projectile fragmentation than carbon (12C) ions and smaller lateral beam spreading than protons. Space radiation protection and ion therapy applications need reliable nuclear reaction models and transport codes for energetic particles in matter. Neutrons and light ions (1H, 2H, 3H, 3He, and 4He) are the most important secondary particles produced in space radiation and ion therapy nuclear reactions; these particles penetrate deeply and make large contributions to dose equivalent. Since neutrons and light ions may scatter at large angles, double differential cross sections are required by transport codes that propagate radiation fields through radiation shielding and human tissue. This work will review the importance of 4He projectiles to space radiation and ion therapy, and outline the present status of neutron and light ion production cross section measurements and modeling, with recommendations for future needs.

scholarly journals An Analytic Distorted Wave Approximation for Electropion and Photopion Production on 12C near Threshold

1986 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 203 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Di Marzio ◽  
K Amos
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Production Cross ◽  
Distorted Wave ◽  
Pion Scattering ◽  
Wave Approximation ◽  
Microscopic Models ◽  
Transition Densities ◽  
Analyse Data ◽  
Near Threshold

An analytic distorted wave approximation (ADWA) that can be used to analyse photopion and electropion production cross sections is developed. An application is made to analyse data from 12C near threshold once the approximation scheme is established as a realistic replacement for the more usual, distorted wavefunctions given by the optical model for low energy pion scattering. The pion production data analyses made using a generalized Helm model for the transition densities clearly demonstrates the significant role of distortion effects and that the ADW A is a good and simple representation of these effects. Repeating the analyses using microscopic models of nuclear structure indicates inadequacies in those structure specifications.

scholarly journals Cosmic Ray Antiprotons 5–12 GeV

1981 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
pp. 257-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. K. Gaisser ◽  
A. J. Owens ◽  
Gary Steigman
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Production Cross Section ◽  
Production Cross ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Energy Dependent ◽  
Complex Nuclei

Secondary antiprotons are a potentially interesting probe of cosmic ray propagation because their production cross section is strongly energy-dependent, increasing by more than two orders of magnitude between 10 and 1000 GeV/c. This is quite unlike the case for fragmentation cross sections of complex nuclei, which are virtually constant with energy. Moreover, the flux depends primarily on the environment seen by protons which need not be identical to that probed by other nuclei.

scholarly journals LHCb: Recent results related to cosmic ray interactions

2019 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 05003
Author(s):  
Hans P. Dembinski
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Production Cross ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Forward Direction ◽  
Collective Effects ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Proton Proton ◽  
Hadronic Interactions ◽  
Cosmic Ray Interactions ◽  
Proton Production

The LHCb experiment is designed to study flavor physics of b and c quarks. The detector is optimized for the study of identified hadrons produced in the forward direction, which also makes LHCb very interesting for the understanding of cosmic-ray induced air showers. LHCb is analysing proton-proton, protonlead, and lead-lead collisions. As a unique feature, LHCb is also studying beam interactions with noble gases using its SMOG system. We present recent measurements of charmed mesons, which are used to obtain production cross-sections, to constrain the parton PDF, to test pomeron and multi-particle interactions, nuclear and collective effects. These mostly have an indirect impact on the modeling of hadronic interactions. Finally, we present a direct measurement of the anti-proton production in proton collisions with helium gas, which are important for the understanding of AMS-02 and PAMELA data.

scholarly journals New Physics of Strong Interaction and Dark Universe

Universe ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Vitaly Beylin ◽  
Maxim Khlopov ◽  
Vladimir Kuksa ◽  
Nikolay Volchanskiy
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Early Universe ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Strong Interactions ◽  
History Of

The history of dark universe physics can be traced from processes in the very early universe to the modern dominance of dark matter and energy. Here, we review the possible nontrivial role of strong interactions in cosmological effects of new physics. In the case of ordinary QCD interaction, the existence of new stable colored particles such as new stable quarks leads to new exotic forms of matter, some of which can be candidates for dark matter. New QCD-like strong interactions lead to new stable composite candidates bound by QCD-like confinement. We put special emphasis on the effects of interaction between new stable hadrons and ordinary matter, formation of anomalous forms of cosmic rays and exotic forms of matter, like stable fractionally charged particles. The possible correlation of these effects with high energy neutrino and cosmic ray signatures opens the way to study new physics of strong interactions by its indirect multi-messenger astrophysical probes.

scholarly journals LHCb: Recent results related to cosmic ray interactions

2019 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 15005
Author(s):  
Hans P. Dembinski
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Production Cross ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Forward Direction ◽  
Collective Effects ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Proton Proton ◽  
Hadronic Interactions ◽  
Cosmic Ray Interactions ◽  
Proton Production

The LHCb experiment is designed to study flavor physics of b and c quarks. The detector is optimized for the study of identified hadrons produced in the forward direction, which also makes LHCb very interesting for the understanding of cosmic-ray induced air showers. LHCb is analysing proton-proton, protonlead, and lead-lead collisions. As a unique feature, LHCb is also studying beam interactions with noble gases using its SMOG system. We present recent measurements of charmed mesons, which are used to obtain production cross-sections, to constrain the parton PDF, to test pomeron and multi-particle interactions, nuclear and collective effects. These mostly have an indirect impact on the modeling of hadronic interactions. Finally, we present a direct measurement of the anti-proton production in proton collisions with helium gas, which are important for the understanding of AMS-02 and PAMELA data.

scholarly journals On cosmology of interacting varying polytropic dark fluids

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (17) ◽  
pp. 1950133
Author(s):  
Martiros Khurshudyan ◽  
Asatur Khurshudyan
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Gravitational Lensing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cold Dark Matter ◽  
Accelerated Expansion ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Large Scale Universe

In this paper, a possibility of the accelerated expansion of the large scale universe with interacting varying polytropic fluid of a certain type is presented. About a special role of non-gravitational interactions between dark energy and dark matter, in particular, about a possibility of improvement and solution of problems arising in modern cosmology, has been discussed for a long time. This motivates us to consider new models, where non-gravitational interactions between varying polytropic fluid and cold dark matter are allowed. Mainly nonlinear interactions of a specific type is considered, found in recent literature. The present study extends previously obtained results demonstrating that considered new parameterization of dark side of the universe could be supported by available observational data and will present the role of considered non-gravitational interactions in this case. During the study of suggested cosmological models Om analysis is applied. Moreover, with different datasets, including a strong gravitational lensing dataset, the best fit values of the model parameters are obtained using [Formula: see text] analysis.

scholarly journals Cosmogenic activation of materials

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (30) ◽  
pp. 1743006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana Cebrián
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Production Cross ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Double Beta Decay ◽  
Radioactive Isotopes ◽  
Isotope Production ◽  
Deep Underground ◽  
Cosmogenic Activation

Experiments looking for rare events like the direct detection of dark matter particles, neutrino interactions or the nuclear double beta decay are operated deep underground to suppress the effect of cosmic rays. But, the production of radioactive isotopes in materials due to previous exposure to cosmic rays is a hazard when ultra-low background conditions are required. In this context, the generation of long-lived products by cosmic nucleons has been studied for many detector media and for other materials commonly used. Here, the main results obtained on the quantification of activation yields on the Earth’s surface will be summarized, considering both measurements and calculations following different approaches. The isotope production cross-sections and the cosmic ray spectrum are the two main ingredients when calculating this cosmogenic activation; the different alternatives for implementing them will be discussed. Activation that can take place deep underground mainly due to cosmic muons will be briefly commented too. Presently, the experimental results for the cosmogenic production of radioisotopes are scarce and discrepancies between different calculations are important in many cases, but the increasing interest on this background source which is becoming more and more relevant can help to change this situation.

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