INVERSE AND SPONTANEOUS SUPERSYMMETRY BREAKING IN S1 × R3

In this paper, we study the influence of hard-supersymmetry-breaking terms in an N = 1, d = 4 supersymmetric model, with S1 × R3 space–time topology. It is found that for some interaction terms and for certain values of the couplings, supersymmetry is unbroken for small lengths of the compact radius and spontaneously breaks as the radius increases. Also, for another class of interaction terms, when the radius is large, supersymmetry is unbroken and spontaneously breaks as the radius decreases. It is pointed out that the two phenomena have similarities to the theory of metastable vacua at finite temperature, as well as to the inverse symmetry breaking of continuous symmetries at finite temperature (where the role of the temperature is played by the radius of the compact dimension).

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A SUPERSYMMETRIC MODEL WITH THE GAUGE SYMMETRY SU(3)1 × SU(2)1 × U(1)1 × SU(3)2 × SU(2)2 × U(1)2

Modern Physics Letters A ◽

10.1142/s0217732303010715 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 18 (14) ◽

pp. 967-975 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J. G. KÖRNER ◽

CHUN LIU

Keyword(s):

Gauge Symmetry ◽

Standard Model ◽

Symmetry Breaking ◽

Supersymmetry Breaking ◽

Simple Form ◽

Electroweak Symmetry Breaking ◽

Supersymmetric Model ◽

Electroweak Symmetry ◽

Gauge Groups ◽

The Standard Model

A supersymmetric model with two copies of the Standard Model gauge groups is constructed in the gauge mediated supersymmetry breaking scenario. The supersymmetry breaking messengers are in a simple form. The Standard Model is obtained after first step gauge symmetry breaking. In the case of one copy of the gauge interactions being strong, a scenario of electroweak symmetry breaking is discussed, and the gauginos are generally predicted to be heavier than the sfermions.

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Raising the SUSY-breaking scale in a Goldstone–Higgs model

Modern Physics Letters A ◽

10.1142/s0217732317501437 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 32 (27) ◽

pp. 1750143 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tommi Alanne ◽

Heidi Rzehak ◽

Francesco Sannino ◽

Anders Eller Thomsen

Keyword(s):

Symmetry Breaking ◽

Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking ◽

Supersymmetry Breaking ◽

Goldstone Boson ◽

Higgs Sector ◽

Global Symmetry ◽

Electroweak Sector ◽

Chiral Superfield ◽

Breaking Scale

We show that by combining the elementary Goldstone–Higgs scenario and supersymmetry it is possible to raise the scale of supersymmetry breaking to several TeVs by relating it to the spontaneous-symmetry-breaking one. This is achieved by first enhancing the global symmetries of the super-Higgs sector to SU(4) and then embedding the electroweak sector and the Standard Model (SM) fermions. We determine the conditions under which the model achieves a vacuum such that the resulting Higgs is a pseudo-Goldstone boson (pGB). The main results are: the supersymmetry-breaking scale is identified with the spontaneous-symmetry-breaking scale of SU(4) which is several TeVs above the radiatively induced electroweak scale; intriguingly the global symmetry of the Higgs sector predicts the existence of two super-Higgs multiplets with one mass eigenstate playing the role of the pseudo-Goldstone Higgs; the symmetry-breaking dynamics fixes [Formula: see text] and requires a supplementary singlet chiral superfield. We finally discuss the spectrum of the model that now features the superpartners of the SM fermions and gauge bosons in the multi-TeV range.

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Quartet-Metric Gravity and Dark Components of the Universe

International Journal of Modern Physics Conference Series ◽

10.1142/s2010194518601011 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 1860101 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Y. F. Pirogov

Keyword(s):

General Relativity ◽

Symmetry Breaking ◽

Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking ◽

Wide Spectrum ◽

Space Time ◽

Emergent Gravity ◽

Gravity Fields ◽

Higgs Fields ◽

The Universe

In the report there are presented the general frameworks for the quartet-metric gravity based on the two main principles. First, there exist in space-time the distinct dynamical coordinates, given by a scalar quartet, playing the role of the Higgs fields for gravity. Second, the physical gravity fields arising due to the spontaneous symmetry breaking serve as the dark components of the Universe. It is argued that the mere admixture to metric of the scalar quartet may give rise to an extremely wide spectrum of the emergent gravity phenomena beyond General Relativity (GR). Further developing the proposed frameworks to find out the next-to-GR theory of gravity is a challenge.

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Centrosome Aurora A gradient ensures single polarity axis in C. elegans embryos

Biochemical Society Transactions ◽

10.1042/bst20200298 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 1243-1253 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sukriti Kapoor ◽

Sachin Kotak

Keyword(s):

Symmetry Breaking ◽

Cell Fate ◽

Cell Cortex ◽

Axis Formation ◽

Aurora A Kinase ◽

Aurora A ◽

C Elegans ◽

Cell Embryo ◽

Polarity Establishment

Cellular asymmetries are vital for generating cell fate diversity during development and in stem cells. In the newly fertilized Caenorhabditis elegans embryo, centrosomes are responsible for polarity establishment, i.e. anterior–posterior body axis formation. The signal for polarity originates from the centrosomes and is transmitted to the cell cortex, where it disassembles the actomyosin network. This event leads to symmetry breaking and the establishment of distinct domains of evolutionarily conserved PAR proteins. However, the identity of an essential component that localizes to the centrosomes and promotes symmetry breaking was unknown. Recent work has uncovered that the loss of Aurora A kinase (AIR-1 in C. elegans and hereafter referred to as Aurora A) in the one-cell embryo disrupts stereotypical actomyosin-based cortical flows that occur at the time of polarity establishment. This misregulation of actomyosin flow dynamics results in the occurrence of two polarity axes. Notably, the role of Aurora A in ensuring a single polarity axis is independent of its well-established function in centrosome maturation. The mechanism by which Aurora A directs symmetry breaking is likely through direct regulation of Rho-dependent contractility. In this mini-review, we will discuss the unconventional role of Aurora A kinase in polarity establishment in C. elegans embryos and propose a refined model of centrosome-dependent symmetry breaking.

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Do Writing Directions Influence How People Map Space onto Time?

Swiss Journal of Psychology ◽

10.1024/1421-0185/a000215 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 77 (4) ◽

pp. 173-184

Author(s):

Wenxing Yang ◽

Ying Sun

Keyword(s):

Mental Representations ◽

Space Time ◽

Horizontal Axis ◽

Causal Role ◽

Writing Systems ◽

Temporal Cognition ◽

Japanese Speakers ◽

Psychological Experiments ◽

Vertical Up

Abstract. The causal role of a unidirectional orthography in shaping speakers’ mental representations of time seems to be well established by many psychological experiments. However, the question of whether bidirectional writing systems in some languages can also produce such an impact on temporal cognition remains unresolved. To address this issue, the present study focused on Japanese and Taiwanese, both of which have a similar mix of texts written horizontally from left to right (HLR) and vertically from top to bottom (VTB). Two experiments were performed which recruited Japanese and Taiwanese speakers as participants. Experiment 1 used an explicit temporal arrangement design, and Experiment 2 measured implicit space-time associations in participants along the horizontal (left/right) and the vertical (up/down) axis. Converging evidence gathered from the two experiments demonstrate that neither Japanese speakers nor Taiwanese speakers aligned their vertical representations of time with the VTB writing orientation. Along the horizontal axis, only Japanese speakers encoded elapsing time into a left-to-right linear layout, which was commensurate with the HLR writing direction. Therefore, two distinct writing orientations of a language could not bring about two coexisting mental time lines. Possible theoretical implications underlying the findings are discussed.

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Symmetry breaking in ideal magnetohydrodynamics: the role of the velocity

Journal of Elliptic and Parabolic Equations ◽

10.1007/s41808-021-00105-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Dimitri Cobb ◽

Francesco Fanelli

Keyword(s):

Symmetry Breaking ◽

Ideal Magnetohydrodynamics

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A RELATIVISTIC EFFECTIVE MODEL WITH PARAMETERIZED COUPLINGS FOR NEUTRON STARS: THE ROLE OF ANTIKAON CONDENSATES

International Journal of Modern Physics E ◽

10.1142/s0218301311040700 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 20 (supp02) ◽

pp. 133-139

Author(s):

ALEXANDRE MESQUITA ◽

MOISÉS RAZEIRA ◽

DIMITER HADJIMICHEF ◽

CÉSAR A. Z. VASCONCELLOS ◽

ROSANA O. GOMES ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neutron Stars ◽

Coupling Constants ◽

Effective Model ◽

Extended Model ◽

Many Body ◽

Parametric Dependence ◽

Interaction Terms ◽

Coupling Terms ◽

Effective Models

We study the effects of antikaon condensates in neutron stars in the framework of a relativistic effective model with derivative couplings which includes genuine many-body forces simulated by nonlinear interaction terms involving scalar-isoscalar (σ, σ*), vector-isoscalar (ω, ɸ), vector-isovector (ϱ), scalar-isovector (δ) mesons. The effective model presented in this work has a philosophy quite similar to the original version of the model with parameterized couplings. But unlike that, in which the parametrization is directly inserted in the coupling constants of the Glendenning model, we present here a method for the derivation of the parametric dependence of the coupling terms, in a way that allows in one side to consistently justify this parametrization and in the other to extend in a coherent way the range of possibilities of parameterizations in effective models with derivative couplings. The extended model is then applied to the description of the mass of neutron stars.

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Standard model from a supergravity model with a naturally small cosmological constant

Journal of High Energy Physics ◽

10.1007/jhep05(2021)181 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Shing Yan Li ◽

Yu-Cheng Qiu ◽

S.-H. Henry Tye

Keyword(s):

String Theory ◽

Standard Model ◽

Cosmological Constant ◽

Supersymmetry Breaking ◽

Supersymmetric Standard Model ◽

Degrees Of Freedom ◽

Interaction Terms ◽

Supersymmetric Version ◽

The Standard Model ◽

Linear Version

Abstract Guided by the naturalness criterion for an exponentially small cosmological constant, we present a string theory motivated 4-dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 1 non-linear supergravity model (or its linear version with a nilpotent superfield) with spontaneous supersymmetry breaking. The model encompasses the minimal supersymmetric standard model, the racetrack Kähler uplift, and the KKLT anti-D3-branes, and use the nilpotent superfield to project out the undesirable interaction terms as well as the unwanted degrees of freedom to end up with the standard model (not the supersymmetric version) of strong and electroweak interactions.

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