POLARIZATION OF NON-EQUILIBRIUM DOUBLE LAYER AND AGGLOMERATION OF POLYELECTROLYTE BALLS

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (17n18) ◽  
pp. 2334-2340 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. CEBERS ◽  
I. RUBINSTEIN
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Reasonable Agreement ◽  
Concentration Polarization ◽  
Polarization Phenomenon ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Frame Work ◽  
Dna Solutions ◽  
Aggregation Phenomena ◽  
Non Equilibrium

Non-equilibrium polarizability of a polyelectrolyte ball is calculated in the frame-work of a quasi-onedimensional model, taking into account the concentration polarization phenomenon. This non-equilibrium polarizability is shown to be proportional to the volume of a polyball and to have a negative sign. Based on these results, the available experimental data to the aggregation phenomena in DNA solutions are considered in terms of the electric field induced phase separation. Numerical estimates for the critical electric field strength necessary for the aggregation to take place and the frequency range where it is observed are in a reasonable agreement with experiment. In the framework of this model, the internal circulations observed in the DNA aggregates are interpreted as being due to the spontaneous rotation of polyelectrolyte balls with a negative polarizability.

scholarly journals Evaluation of electromagnetic pollution index (EMPI) emitted from multiple sources

2021 ◽  
Vol 2056 (1) ◽  
pp. 012057
Author(s):  
M A A Frah ◽  
V V Belyaev
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Microwave Oven ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Laptop Computer ◽  
Frame Work ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
Electromagnetic Pollution

Abstract In this paper the cooperative electromagnetic pollution index (EMPI) from many RF sources is evaluated in terms of three components which are strength of magnetic and electric field expressed in A/m and V/m, respectively, and irradiated power in W/m2. They are generated by a portable laptop computer (LC) with a liquid crystal monitor and other three sources in front area of it. The LC radiation interference with radiation from mobile phone, Wi-Fi and microwave oven in the radio frequency range from 300 Hz up to 3GHz has been measured. The experiment involves testing 45 different points in the keyboard area and 45 points in the in front area of the PC in its operating state. After that a comparison was made between the calculated values for multiple sources frame work and the measured experimental values. Then these EMPI values have been compared with the internationally recommended SAR values.

Condensation of Freon-114 in the Presence of a Strong Nonuniform, Alternating Electric Field

1970 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 616-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Holmes ◽  
A. J. Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Experimental Data ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Flat Plate ◽  
Transfer Rate ◽  
Reasonable Agreement ◽  
Alternating Electric Field ◽  
The Heat Transfer Coefficient

The condensation of Freon-114 in the presence of a nonuniform, alternating, 60-cycle, electric field was examined experimentally. The condensing surface was a grounded, cooled flat plate, and the electric field was produced by applying a voltage to a second plate placed above the first. Voltages up to 60 kv were imposed, and nonuniformities in the field were created by varying the angle between the plates. Analytical predictions were made of the expected heat-transfer rate, and reasonable agreement with the experimental data was obtained for voltages less than 40 kv. Above 40 kv the results were unpredictable, but increases in the heat-transfer coefficient as high as ten times that for no field were obtained.

scholarly journals Performance of Turbulence Models and Near-Wall Treatments in Discrete Jet Film Cooling Simulations

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey D. Ferguson ◽  
Dibbon K. Walters ◽  
James H. Leylek
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Film Cooling ◽  
Turbulence Models ◽  
Viscous Sublayer ◽  
Reynolds Stress Model ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Wall Functions ◽  
First Time ◽  
Near Wall ◽  
Non Equilibrium

For the first time in the open literature, code validation quality data and a well-tested, highly reliable computational methodology are employed to isolate the true performance of seven turbulence treatments in discrete jet film cooling. The present research examines both computational and high quality experimental data for two length-to-diameter ratios of a row of streamwise injected, cylindrical film holes. These two cases are used to document the performance of the following turbulence treatments: 1) standard k-ε model with generalized wall functions; 2) standard k-ε model with non-equilibrium wall functions: 3) Renormalization Group k-ε (RNG) model with generalized wall functions; 4) RNG model with non-equilibrium wall functions: 51 standard k-ε model with two-layer turbulence wall treatment; 6) Reynolds Stress Model (RSM) with generalized wall functions; and 7) RSM with non-equilibrium wall functions. Overall, the standard k-ε turbulence model with the two-layer near-wall treatment, which resolves the viscous sublayer, produces results that are more consistent with experimental data.

TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE OF PROTON CONDUCTIVITY IN HYDROGEN-BONDED MOLECULAR SYSTEMS

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (19) ◽  
pp. 1239-1252 ◽  
Author(s):  
XIAO-FENG PANG ◽  
BO DENG ◽  
HUAI-WU ZHANG ◽  
YUAN-PING FENG
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Electric Conductivity ◽  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Model System ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Molecular Systems ◽  
Damping Effect ◽  
Hydrogen Bonded

The temperature-dependence of proton electric conductivity in hydrogen-bonded molecular systems with damping effect was studied. The time-dependent velocity of proton and its mobility are determined from the Hamiltonian of a model system. The calculated mobility of (3.57–3.76) × 10-6 m 2/ Vs for uniform ice is in agreement with the experimental value of (1 - 10) × 10-2 m 2/ Vs . When the temperature and damping effects of the medium are considered, the mobility is found to depend on the temperature for various electric field values in the system, i.e. the mobility increases initially and reaches a maximum at about 191 K, but decreases subsequently to a minimum at approximately 241 K, and increases again in the range of 150–270 K. This behavior agrees with experimental data of ice.

BALLISTIC ELECTRON ACCELERATION NEGATIVE-DIFFERENTIAL-CONDUCTIVITY DEVICES

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (01) ◽  
pp. 173-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
BARBAROS ASLAN ◽  
LESTER F. EASTMAN ◽  
WILLIAM J. SCHAFF ◽  
XIAODONG CHEN ◽  
MICHAEL G. SPENCER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electron Acceleration ◽  
Negative Differential Conductivity ◽  
Differential Conductivity ◽  
Experimental Development ◽  
Ballistic Electron

We present the experimental development and characterization of GaN ballistic diodes for THz operation. Fabricated devices have been described and gathered experimental data is discussed. The major problem addressed is the domination of the parasitic resistances which significantly reduce the accelerating electric field across the ballistic region (intrinsic layer).

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