INSPECTION OF IMPACT DAMAGE IN HONEYCOMB COMPOSITE BY ESPI, THERMOGRAPHY AND ULTRASONIC TESTING

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (09n11) ◽  
pp. 1033-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
MANYONG CHOI ◽  
JEONGHAK PARK ◽  
WONTAE KIM ◽  
KISOO KANG
Keyword(s):  
Impact Damage ◽  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Military Aircraft ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Artificial Defect ◽  
Lead Failure ◽  
Testing Procedures ◽  
Inspection Condition ◽  
Non Destructive

Honeycomb composites are now fairly widely used in civilian and military aircraft structures. Common defects found in these materials are delaminations by impact damage and their presence will lead to structural weaknesses which could lead failure of the airframe structures. It is important to develop effective non-destructive testing procedures to identify these defects and increase the safety of aircraft travel. This paper describes the detection technique of impact damage defect using thermography and ESPI. The results obtained with the two techniques are compared with ultrasonic C-scan testing. The investigation shows that both imaging NDT methods are able to identify the presence of artificial defect and impact damage. The adoption of the thermography allowed significant advantages in inspection condition, and gives smaller error in quantitative estimation of defects.

MODELING A THERMAL IMAGING PROCESS IN AN IMPACT DAMAGED COMPOSITE STRUCTURE

2005 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 63-76
Author(s):  
M. Z. ISKANDARANI ◽  
N. F. SHILBAYEH
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Composite Structure ◽  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Electronic Circuit ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Wavelength Variation ◽  
Non Destructive

An innovative NDT (non-destructive testing) technique for interrogating materials for their defects has been developed successfully. The technique has a novel approach to data analysis by employing intensity, RGB signal re-mix and wavelength variation of a thermally generated IR-beam onto the specimen under test which can be sensed and displayed on a computer screen as an image. Specimen inspection and data analysis are carried out through pixel level re-ordering and shelving techniques within a transformed image file using a sequence grouping and regrouping software system, which is specifically developed for this work. The interaction between an impact damaged RIM composite structure and thermal energy is recorded, analyzed, and modeled using an equivalent Electronic circuit. Effect of impact damage on the integrity of the composite structure is also discussed.

scholarly journals Non-Destructive Testing of Composites by Ultrasound, Local Defect Resonance and Thermography

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias Kersemans ◽  
Erik Verboven ◽  
Joost Segers ◽  
Saeid Hedayatrasa ◽  
Wim Van Paepegem
Keyword(s):  
Impact Damage ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Back Surface ◽  
Local Defect ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Flat Bottom ◽  
Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Local Defect Resonance ◽  
Non Destructive

Different non-destructive testing techniques have been evaluated for detecting and assessing damage in carbon fiber reinforced plastics: (i) ultrasonic C-scan, (ii) local defect resonance of front/back surface and (iii) lock-in infrared thermography in reflection. Both artificial defects (flat bottom holes and inserts) and impact damage (barely visible impact damage) have been considered. The ultrasonic C-scans in reflection shows good performance in detecting the defects and in assessing actual defect parameters (e.g., size and depth), but it requires long scanning procedures and water coupling. The local defect resonance technique shows acceptable defect detectability, but has difficulty in extracting actual defect parameters without a priori knowledge. The thermographic inspection is by far the fastest technique, and shows good detectability of shallow defects (depth < 2 mm). Lateral sizing of shallow damage is also possible. The inspection of deeper defects (depth > 3–4 mm) in reflection is problematic and requires advanced post-processing approaches in order to improve the defect contrast to detectable limits.

ESPI non-destructive testing of GRP composite materials containing impact damage

1998 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 721-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z.Y. Zhang ◽  
M.O.W. Richardson ◽  
M. Wisheart ◽  
J.R. Tyrer ◽  
J. Petzing
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Non Destructive

Развитие вибротермографии как метода неразрушающего контроля изделий из полимерных конструкционных материалов с использованием принудительных механических вибраций

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 35-45
Author(s):  
С.В. Дубинский ◽  
Е.А. Казьмин ◽  
И.Е. Ковалев ◽  
А.Б. Корнилов ◽  
Г.А. Корнилов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Structures ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Thermal Excitation ◽  
Ultrasonic Frequency ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Internal Damage ◽  
Mechanical Oscillations ◽  
Testing Techniques ◽  
Non Destructive

The method of vibrothermography may be considered as one of the promising thermal non-destructive testing techniques, which can be applied for the detection of internal damage in composite structures. The thermal excitation of the structure in case of vibrothermography is caused by the mechanical oscillations on the sonic or ultrasonic frequency, and the change in temperature field of the object is controlled by thermography methods. The present paper considers the method of vibration testing and presents the results of thermography studies focused on the behavior of composite structure with impact damage subjected to vibration loading.

Analysis of internal defects in 3D braided composites based on ultrasonic C-scan technique

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 323-330
Author(s):  
Z T Xiao ◽  
Y M Guo ◽  
L Geng ◽  
J Wu ◽  
F Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Braided Composites ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Artificial Defect ◽  
3D Braided Composites ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Examination Techniques ◽  
Non Destructive

Defects can form within 3D braided composites as a result of their special production processes, which can affect the mechanical performance of the composites. Thus, it is absolutely essential to test for and analyse different types of defect. This paper reports on the detection of specific artificial defects in 3D braided composites, assessed using an ultrasonic system with typical examination techniques for non-destructive testing (NDT) and employing an ultrasonic C-scan technique to identify the artificial defects. Eight types of artificial defect are embedded and detected in these 3D braided composites. The study shows that this ultrasonic C-scan technique is an effective tool for inspecting the state of failure of 3D braided composites.

scholarly journals Experimental Testing of Aramid Composite Applied in Ballistic Armour by Ultrasonic IR Thermography

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-88
Author(s):  
Monika PRACHT ◽  
Waldemar ŚWIDERSKI
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Source Parameters ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Ir Thermography ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Testing Procedures ◽  
Input Source ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Reference Samples

Reference samples, in which artificial discontinuities (defects) are fabricated, are used to verify non-destructive testing procedures. Artificial discontinuities are known defects of reference samples and enable verification the feasibility of the verified NDT method for the identification of location and depth of discontinuities. Thermographic inspection of reference samples also helps to determine the required thermal input source parameters to test samples. This paper presents the results of experimental testing for ultrasonic IR thermography of defects in aramid composite laminate intended for light ballistic armour. Specimens of the aramid composite material included artificial defects and were inspected at various ultrasonic frequencies. Optical thermography and X-ray inspection were carried out on the same specimens, and their results were compared to those determined with ultrasonic IR thermography.

scholarly journals Reconstruction of Barely Visible Impact Damage in Composite Structures Based on Non-Destructive Evaluation Results

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (21) ◽  
pp. 4629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wronkowicz-Katunin ◽  
Katunin ◽  
Dragan
Keyword(s):  
Composite Structures ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Failure Mechanisms ◽  
Structural Safety ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
Non Destructive

The occurrence of barely visible impact damage (BVID) in aircraft composite components and structures being in operation is a serious problem, which threatens structural safety of an aircraft, and should be timely detected and, if necessary, repaired according to the obligatory regulations of currently applied maintenance methodologies. Due to difficulties with a proper detection of such a type of damage even with non-destructive testing (NDT) methods as well as manual evaluation of the testing results, supporting algorithms for post-processing of these results seem to be of a high interest for aircraft maintenance community. In the following study, the authors proposed new approaches for BVID reconstruction based on results of ultrasonic and X-ray computed tomographic testing using authored advanced image processing algorithms. The studies were performed on real composite structures taking into consideration failure mechanisms occurring during impact damaging. The developed algorithms allow extracting relevant diagnostic information both from ultrasonic B-and C-Scans as well as from tomographic 3D arrays used for the validation of ultrasonic reconstructed damage locations, which allows for a significant improvement of the detectability of BVID in tested structures. The developed approach can be especially useful for NDT operators evaluating the results of structural NDT inspections.

Implementation of Non-Destructive Impact Hammer Testing Methods in Determination of Brick Strength

2012 ◽  
Vol 174-177 ◽  
pp. 280-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Brožovský
Keyword(s):  
Close Correlation ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Technical Standards ◽  
Testing Procedures ◽  
Rebound Number ◽  
Testing Field ◽  
Non Destructive

In the building industry, non-destructive testing methods are mostly used to determine parameters of concrete structures and concrete of its own; as to other materials, these methods serve semi-occasionally and, as a rule, testing procedures and evaluation are not codified in technical standards. One of non-destructive testing field of applications is testing of piece bricks. This paper deals with findings concerning non-destructive testing of clay solid bricks, honeycomb bricks and lime sand bricks by means of Schmidt Impact Hammers types LB/L. Described here are testing method, procedures of test finding evaluation as well as calibration correlations between impact hammer rebound number and compression strength or flexural strength (lime sand bricks only). Evaluated calibration correlations between impact hammer rebound number and brick strength feature close correlation; its coefficient varies between 0.95 and 0.98, therefore these values are usable in practice. When testing honeycomb bricks varying in hole arrangement and wall thickness, it is necessary to take both these factors into account through specification of calibration correlation of non-destructive/destructive tests of limited number of bricks.

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