INFEASIBILITY OF QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY WITHOUT EAVESDROPPING CHECK

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (08) ◽  
pp. 1061-1067
Author(s):  
WEI YANG ◽  
LIUSHENG HUANG ◽  
FANG SONG ◽  
QIYAN WANG
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Cryptography ◽  
General Model ◽  
Quantum Key Distribution ◽  
Communication Channel ◽  
Key Distribution ◽  
Secret Key ◽  
Classical Communication ◽  
Man In The Middle ◽  
Distribution Scheme ◽  
Special Case

Secure key distribution is impossible in pure classical environment. Unconditional secure key distribution is available when quantum means are introduced, assisted by a classical communication channel. What is possible when a quantum key distribution scheme is without classical communication? We present a general model with this constraint and show that quantum key distribution without classical eavesdropping check is in principle impossible. For an adversary can always succeed in obtaining the secret key via a special case of man-in-the-middle attack, namely intercept-and-forward attack without any risk of being captured.

AUTHENTICATED QUANTUM KEY DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT CLASSICAL COMMUNICATION

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (03) ◽  
pp. 323-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
NAYA NAGY ◽  
SELIM G. AKL
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Channel ◽  
Quantum Key Distribution ◽  
Communication Channel ◽  
Quantum Communication ◽  
Key Distribution ◽  
Secret Key ◽  
Classical Communication ◽  
Quantum Communication Channel ◽  
High Security ◽  
Public Keys

The aim of quantum key distribution protocols is to establish a secret key among two parties with high security confidence. Such algorithms generally require a quantum channel and an authenticated classical channel. This paper presents a totally new perception of communication in such protocols. The quantum communication alone satisfies all needs of array communication between the two parties. Even so, the quantum communication channel does not need to be protected or authenticated whatsoever. As such, our algorithm is a purely quantum key distribution algorithm. The only certain identification of the two parties is through public keys.

scholarly journals Simultaneous Classical Communication and Quantum Key Distribution Based on Plug-and-Play Configuration with an Optical Amplifier

Entropy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaodong Wu ◽  
Yijun Wang ◽  
Qin Liao ◽  
Hai Zhong ◽  
Ying Guo
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Key Distribution ◽  
Finite Size ◽  
Key Distribution ◽  
Optical Amplifier ◽  
Coherent Detection ◽  
Secret Key ◽  
Plug And Play ◽  
Classical Communication ◽  
Laser Sources ◽  
Simulation Results

We propose a simultaneous classical communication and quantum key distribution (SCCQ) protocol based on plug-and-play configuration with an optical amplifier. Such a protocol could be attractive in practice since the single plug-and-play system is taken advantage of for multiple purposes. The plug-and-play scheme waives the necessity of using two independent frequency-locked laser sources to perform coherent detection, thus the phase noise existing in our protocol is small which can be tolerated by the SCCQ protocol. To further improve its capabilities, we place an optical amplifier inside Alice’s apparatus. Simulation results show that the modified protocol can well improve the secret key rate compared with the original protocol whether in asymptotic limit or finite-size regime.

scholarly journals Quantum key distribution without the wavefunction

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (06) ◽  
pp. 1750048
Author(s):  
Gerd Niestegge
Keyword(s):  
Hilbert Space ◽  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Conditional Probability ◽  
Quantum Key Distribution ◽  
Communication Channel ◽  
Transition Probability ◽  
Algebraic Property ◽  
Key Distribution ◽  
Quantum Measurements ◽  
Classical Communication

A well-known feature of quantum mechanics is the secure exchange of secret bit strings which can then be used as keys to encrypt messages transmitted over any classical communication channel. It is demonstrated that this quantum key distribution allows a much more general and abstract access than commonly thought. The results include some generalizations of the Hilbert space version of quantum key distribution, but are based upon a general nonclassical extension of conditional probability. A special state-independent conditional probability is identified as origin of the superior security of quantum key distribution; this is a purely algebraic property of the quantum logic and represents the transition probability between the outcomes of two consecutive quantum measurements.

scholarly journals A quantum key distribution scheme based on tripartite entanglement and violation of CHSH inequality

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (05) ◽  
pp. 1750040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Pastorello
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Information ◽  
Quantum Key Distribution ◽  
Key Distribution ◽  
Secret Key ◽  
Tripartite Entanglement ◽  
Chsh Inequality ◽  
Distribution Scheme

Entanglement is a well-known resource in quantum information. In particular, it can be exploited for quantum key distribution (QKD). In this paper, we define a two-way QKD scheme employing GHZ-type states of three qubits obtaining an extension of the standard E91 protocol with a significant increase in the number of shared bits. Eavesdropping attacks can be detected measuring violation of the CHSH inequality and the secret key rate can be estimated in a device-independent scenario.

scholarly journals Field trial of a three-state quantum key distribution scheme in the Florence metropolitan area

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Bacco ◽  
Ilaria Vagniluca ◽  
Beatrice Da Lio ◽  
Nicola Biagi ◽  
Adriano Della Frera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Quantum Key Distribution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Key Distribution ◽  
Telecommunication Networks ◽  
Current Field ◽  
Classical Communication ◽  
Distribution Scheme ◽  
Synchronization Signal ◽  
Fiber Link

Abstract In-field demonstrations in real-world scenarios boost the development of a rising technology towards its integration in existing infrastructures. Although quantum key distribution (QKD) devices are already adopted outside the laboratories, current field implementations still suffer from high costs and low performances, preventing this emerging technology from a large-scale deployment in telecommunication networks. Here we present a simple, practical and efficient QKD scheme with finite-key analysis, performed over a 21 dB-losses fiber link installed in the metropolitan area of Florence (Italy). Coexistence of quantum and weak classical communication is also demonstrated by transmitting an optical synchronization signal through the same fiber link.

scholarly journals Intercept/resend and translucent attacks on the quantum key distribution protocol based on the pre- and post-selection effect

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150010
Author(s):  
Hiroo Azuma ◽  
Masashi Ban
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Cryptography ◽  
Quantum Channel ◽  
Quantum Key Distribution ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Selection Effect ◽  
Key Distribution ◽  
The Other ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Secret Key ◽  
Quantum Key Distribution Protocol

We investigate the security against the intercept/resend and translucent attacks on the quantum key distribution protocol based on the pre- and post-selection effect. In 2001, Bub proposed the quantum cryptography scheme, which was an application of the so-called mean king’s problem. We evaluate a probability that legitimate users cannot detect eavesdropper’s malicious acts for Bub’s protocol. We also estimate a probability that the eavesdropper guesses right at the random secret key one of the legitimate users tries to share with the other one. From rigorous mathematical and numerical analyses, we conclude that Bub’s protocol is weaker than the Bennett–Brassard protocol of 1984 (BB84) against both the intercept/resend and translucent attacks. Because Bub’s protocol uses a two-way quantum channel, the analyses of its security are tough to accomplish. We refer to their technical points accurately in the current paper. For example, we impose some constraints upon the eavesdropper’s strategies in order to let their degrees of freedom be small.

scholarly journals A Quantum Cryptography Communication Network Based on Software Defined Network

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 01008
Author(s):  
Hongliang Zhang ◽  
Dongxiao Quan ◽  
Changhua Zhu ◽  
Zhigang Li
Keyword(s):  
Communication Network ◽  
Quantum Cryptography ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Quantum Key Distribution ◽  
Routing Algorithm ◽  
Key Distribution ◽  
Secret Key ◽  
Network Resources ◽  
Flexible Control ◽  
Key Resources

With the development of the Internet, information security has attracted great attention in today’s society, and quantum cryptography communication network based on quantum key distribution (QKD) is a very important part of this field, since the quantum key distribution combined with one-time-pad encryption scheme can guarantee the unconditional security of the information. The secret key generated by quantum key distribution protocols is a very valuable resource, so making full use of key resources is particularly important. Software definition network (SDN) is a new type of network architecture, and it separates the control plane and the data plane of network devices through OpenFlow technology, thus it realizes the flexible control of the network resources. In this paper, a quantum cryptography communication network model based on SDN is proposed to realize the flexible control of quantum key resources in the whole cryptography communication network. Moreover, we propose a routing algorithm which takes into account both the hops and the end-to-end availible keys, so that the secret key generated by QKD can be used effectively. We also simulate this quantum cryptography communication network, and the result shows that based on SDN and the proposed routing algorithm the performance of this network is improved since the effective use of the quantum key resources.

scholarly journals Demystifying the information reconciliation protocol cascade

2015 ◽  
pp. 453-477
Author(s):  
Jesus Martinez-Mateo ◽  
Christoph Pacher ◽  
Momtchil Peev ◽  
Alex Ciurana ◽  
Vicente Martin
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Cryptography ◽  
Quantum Key Distribution ◽  
Key Agreement ◽  
Key Distribution ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Optimal Parameters ◽  
Secret Key ◽  
Information Reconciliation ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Secret Key Agreement

Cascade is an information reconciliation protocol proposed in the context of secret key agreement in quantum cryptography. This protocol allows removing discrepancies in two partially correlated sequences that belong to distant parties, connected through a public noiseless channel. It is highly interactive, thus requiring a large number of channel communications between the parties to proceed and, although its efficiency is not optimal, it has become the de-facto standard for practical implementations of information reconciliation in quantum key distribution. The aim of this work is to analyze the performance of Cascade, to discuss its strengths, weaknesses and optimization possibilities, comparing with some of the modified versions that have been proposed in the literature. When looking at all design trade-offs, a new view emerges that allows to put forward a number of guidelines and propose near optimal parameters for the practical implementation of Cascade improving performance significantly in comparison with all previous proposals.

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