Optimal Reliability Equivalence Factor for Reliability System Improvement Using Memetic Algorithm

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (06) ◽  
pp. 1740008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Ramezani ◽  
A. Pourdarvish ◽  
A. H. S. Garmabaki ◽  
P. K. Kapur
Keyword(s):  
System Reliability ◽  
Reduction Method ◽  
Memetic Algorithm ◽  
Redundancy Allocation Problem ◽  
Equivalence Factor ◽  
Reduction Methods ◽  
Space Limitation ◽  
System Improvement ◽  
Instance Space ◽  
Optimal Reduction

In this paper, optimal reduction and redundancy methods for reliability system improvement have been proposed. Multilevel redundancy allocation problem (MLRAP) based on hot and cold redundancies has been considered. For various reasons, for instance, space limitation, high cost and so on, redundancy method cannot always be applied to improve system reliability. Hence, the concept of equivalence has been presented to choose a more suitable method. In these conditions, optimal reduction method has been applied instead of optimal redundancy method, so that we decide what appropriate degree to decrease the failure rate is. To solve this problem, the value of optimal reliability equivalence factor is obtained by equating two obtained reliability functions based on optimal redundancy and reduction methods. Result shows that equivalence value maximizes the efficiency of the system performance in reduction method instead of redundancy method. Finally, the numerical examples illustrate the results obtained theoretically.

scholarly journals The Effect of Field Heat Reduction Methods on Fresh and Processing Qualities of Red and Russet Potato Cultivars

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-355
Author(s):  
Sastry S. Jayanty ◽  
◽  
Esam Emragi ◽  
David G. Holm
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Reduction Method ◽  
French Fries ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
French Fry ◽  
Russet Norkotah ◽  
Fry Color ◽  
Reduction Methods

The effect of three field heat reduction methods, including temperature lowering stepwise (TLS), temperature lowering gradually (TLG), and temperature lowering immediately (TLI), after harvesting on the quality of Russet Norkotah 3 and red skin numbered line CO 07102-1R potatoes were investigated. The tubers were analyzed at harvest (0 time), when they reached 3 °C, and after 6 months of storage at 3 °C for physiological weight loss, firmness, wound healing, total phenolics content, reducing sugars, and color of french fries. The results indicated that weight and firmness losses were lower under the TLS reduction method after 6 months of storage than TLG and TLI methods. The weight loss in TLS is 12%, TLG 14% and TLI 17% in CO 07102-1R whereas Russet Norkotah TLS is 4%, TLG 6%, and TLI 8% respectively. Wound healing was more effective using the TLS reduction method, especially in Russet Norkotah 3. French fry color was lighter at harvest (USDA grade 0), while there were no differences in the color of French fries prepared from tubers stored under the TLS and TLG methods (both had USDA grade 2). French fries were darker for tubers from the TLI method (USDA grade 4). The total phenolic content and reducing sugars were significantly increased in the TLI field heat reduction method. Keywords: Potato, Storage management, Wound healing, Weight loss, French fry

The Preparation of Graphene via Thermal Reduction Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 557-559 ◽  
pp. 1539-1542
Author(s):  
Jian Fang Wang ◽  
Ya Nan Lv ◽  
Yin Long ◽  
Cheng An Tao ◽  
Hui Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Smooth Surface ◽  
Reduction Method ◽  
Thermal Reduction ◽  
Thermal Reaction ◽  
Thermal Method ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Graphene Surface ◽  
Reduction Methods

In this paper, the graphene oxide reducing by photochemical-thermal reduction and high-temperature thermal reduction was studied to get qualified graphene and avoid the re-aggregation. The results show that graphene obtained by both of the two reduction methods all maintained the original well-layered morphology of the graphene oxide. The graphene had smooth surface and high quality as completely reduced by high-temperature thermal method. However, the reduction the photochemical-thermal reaction was not sufficient and caused many vesicles on the graphene surface due to the low temperature and the lack of reaction time.

scholarly journals The Reduction Method of Bathymetric Datasets that Preserves True Geodata

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 1610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Wlodarczyk-Sielicka ◽  
Andrzej Stateczny ◽  
Jacek Lubczonek
Keyword(s):  
Data Reduction ◽  
Reduction Method ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Bathymetric Data ◽  
Remote Sensors ◽  
Depth Data ◽  
Coastal Modelling ◽  
Reduction Methods ◽  
Quality And Reliability

Water areas occupy over 70 percent of the Earth’s surface and are constantly subject to research and analysis. Often, hydrographic remote sensors are used for such research, which allow for the collection of information on the shape of the water area bottom and the objects located on it. Information about the quality and reliability of the depth data is important, especially during coastal modelling. In-shore areas are liable to continuous transformations and they must be monitored and analyzed. Presently, bathymetric geodata are usually collected via modern hydrographic systems and comprise very large data point sequences that must then be connected using long and laborious processing sequences including reduction. As existing bathymetric data reduction methods utilize interpolated values, there is a clear requirement to search for new solutions. Considering the accuracy of bathymetric maps, a new method is presented here that allows real geodata to be maintained, specifically position and depth. This study presents a description of a developed method for reducing geodata while maintaining true survey values.

Computationally Efficient Reliability Analysis of Mechanisms Based on a Multiplicative Dimensional Reduction Method

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xufang Zhang ◽  
Mahesh D. Pandey ◽  
Yimin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Reliability Analysis ◽  
Dimensional Reduction ◽  
System Reliability ◽  
Reduction Method ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Computationally Efficient ◽  
Output Error ◽  
System Reliability Analysis ◽  
Dimensional Reduction Method ◽  
Fractional Moments

The paper presents a computationally efficient method for system reliability analysis of mechanisms. The reliability is defined as the probability that the output error remains within a specified limit in the entire target trajectory of the mechanism. This mechanism reliability problem is formulated as a series system reliability analysis that can be solved using the distribution of maximum output error. The extreme event distribution is derived using the principle maximum entropy (MaxEnt) along with the constraints specified in terms of fractional moments. To optimize the computation of fractional moments of a multivariate response function, a multiplicative form of dimensional reduction method (M-DRM) is developed. The main benefit of the proposed approach is that it provides full probability distribution of the maximal output error from a very few evaluations of the trajectory of mechanism. The proposed method is illustrated by analyzing the system reliability analysis of two planar mechanisms. Examples presented in the paper show that the results of the proposed method are fairly accurate as compared with the benchmark results obtained from the Monte Carlo simulations.

scholarly journals Peak-to-Average Power Ratio Reduction Method for OFDM Signal by Permutation of Subcarriers

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Pornpawit Boonsrimuang ◽  
Kanchana Limwattanacha ◽  
Pisit Boonsrimuang ◽  
Hideo Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Reduction Method ◽  
Side Information ◽  
Average Power ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Papr Reduction ◽  
Hardware Complexity ◽  
Time Domain Signal ◽  
Reduction Methods ◽  
Power Ratio Reduction ◽  
Papr Performance

Many PAPR reduction methods for OFDM time domain signal have been proposed up to today, all of which can be classified into two kinds of methods as the distortion and distortion-less methods. The most of distortion-less methods show better PAPR performance without degradation of BER performance. However the distortion-less methods are usually required to control the transmission data information so as to minimize the PAPR performance at the transmitter. From this fact, the distortion-less methods are required to inform the controlled information as the side information to the receiver for the correct demodulation of data information. The side information is usually informed to the receiver with the higher signal quality by using the separate channel or the embedded in the data information which would lead the degradation of transmission efficiency and the increase of hardware complexity of transmitter and receiver. This paper proposes a novel distortion-less PAPR reduction method which employs the permutation of subcarriers in the frequency domain. The feature of proposed method is to achieve the better PAPR performance with a very few embedded side information for the correct demodulation of data information at the receiver. This paper presents various computer simulation results to verify the effectiveness of proposed method as comparing with the conventional OFDM method in the non-linear channel.

scholarly journals Intelligent Contact Force Regulation of Pantograph–Catenary Based on Novel Type-Reduction Technology

Electronics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Tsung-Chih Lin ◽  
Chien-Wen Sun ◽  
Yu-Chen Lin ◽  
Majid Moradi Zirkohi
Keyword(s):  
Contact Force ◽  
Reduction Method ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Current Collection ◽  
Type Reduction ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Reduction Methods ◽  
Adaptive Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Interval Type

In this paper, an intelligent control scheme is proposed to suppress vibrations between the pantograph and the catenary by regulating the contact force to a reference value, thereby achieving stable current collection. In order to reduce the computational cost, an interval Type-2 adaptive fuzzy logic control with the Moradi–Zirhohi–Lin type reduction method is applied to deal with model uncertainties and exterior interference. Based on a simplified pantograph–catenary system model, the comparative simulation results show that variation of the contact force can be attenuated and variation disturbances can be repressed simultaneously. Furthermore, in terms of computational burden, the proposed type reduction method outperforms other type reduction methods.

Effective diffraction separation using the improved optimal rank-reduction method

Geophysics ◽  
2022 ◽  
pp. 1-85
Author(s):  
Peng Lin ◽  
Suping Peng ◽  
Xiaoqin Cui ◽  
Wenfeng Du ◽  
Chuangjian Li
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Reduction Method ◽  
Singular Values ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Singular Value ◽  
Low Rank ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Frobenius Norm ◽  
Rank Reduction ◽  
Reduction Methods

Seismic diffractions encoding subsurface small-scale geologic structures have great potential for high-resolution imaging of subwavelength information. Diffraction separation from the dominant reflected wavefields still plays a vital role because of the weak energy characteristics of the diffractions. Traditional rank-reduction methods based on the low-rank assumption of reflection events have been commonly used for diffraction separation. However, these methods using truncated singular-value decomposition (TSVD) suffer from the problem of reflection-rank selection by singular-value spectrum analysis, especially for complicated seismic data. In addition, the separation problem for the tangent wavefields of reflections and diffractions is challenging. To alleviate these limitations, we propose an effective diffraction separation strategy using an improved optimal rank-reduction method to remove the dependence on the reflection rank and improve the quality of separation results. The improved rank-reduction method adaptively determines the optimal singular values from the input signals by directly solving an optimization problem that minimizes the Frobenius-norm difference between the estimated and exact reflections instead of the TSVD operation. This improved method can effectively overcome the problem of reflection-rank estimation in the global and local rank-reduction methods and adjusts to the diversity and complexity of seismic data. The adaptive data-driven algorithms show good performance in terms of the trade-off between high-quality diffraction separation and reflection suppression for the optimal rank-reduction operation. Applications of the proposed strategy to synthetic and field examples demonstrate the superiority of diffraction separation in detecting and revealing subsurface small-scale geologic discontinuities and inhomogeneities.

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