INFLUENCE OF FOOT INSOLE ON THE GAIT PERFORMANCE IN SUBJECTS WITH FLAT FOOT DISORDER

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (06) ◽  
pp. 1950050
Author(s):  
M. T. KARIMI ◽  
R. B. TAHMASEBI ◽  
B. SATVATI ◽  
F. FATOYE
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Ankle Joint ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Flat Foot ◽  
Gait Performance ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Foot Disorder

Flat foot is the most common foot disorder that influences the alignment of the lower limb structure. It is controversial whether the use of foot insole influences kinetic and kinematic of the leg or not. Therefore, this study investigated the influence of foot insole on the gait performance in subjects with flat foot disorder. A group of flat foot subject was recruited into this study (the number of subjects was 15). The motion of the leg joints was determined using the Qualysis motion analysis system. Moreover, the force applied on the lower limb was recorded by a Kistler force plate. The range of motion of the lower limb joints, the moments applied on the lower limb joints and force transmitted through the leg were the parameters used in this study. The difference between these parameters during walking with and without insole was evaluated using the paired [Formula: see text]-test. Significant value was set at [Formula: see text]. There was no significant difference between the range of motion of ankle joint while walking with and without insole. However, the medial directed force applied on the leg decreased significantly [Formula: see text]. The use of foot insole did not influence the moments transmitted through the hip and knee joints. The walking speed of the subjects improved while walking with foot insole. Use of foot insole influenced the magnitude of the force applied on the leg and the adductor moment of ankle joint due to its influence on foot alignment. As the walking speed of the improved subjects follows the use of insole, it can be concluded that it may have a positive effects on the performance of flat foot subjects.

AN ASSESSMENT OF STABILITY, GAIT PERFORMANCE AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN INDIVIDUALS WITH TRANSFEMORAL AMPUTATION

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (04) ◽  
pp. 1550049 ◽  
Author(s):  
FATOMEH KHIRI ◽  
MOHAMMAD TAGHI KARIMI ◽  
FRANCIS FATOYE ◽  
NIMA JAMSHIDI
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Quiet Standing ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Transfemoral Amputation ◽  
Cost Index ◽  
Gait Performance ◽  
Significant Difference

Transfemoral amputation (TFA) results in reduced sensation, altered body image and loss of function. Energy expenditure is known to be significantly higher in individuals with TFA compared with their healthy counterparts. Kinetic and kinematics characteristics of individuals with TFA have been evaluated; however, stability during quiet standing has not been examined. This study evaluated stability, gait performance and energy consumption in individuals with TFA during standing and walking. A total of subjects (5 healthy and 5 with TFA) participated in this study. The motion of lower limb joints and the force applied on the leg were evaluated using a motion analysis system, Qualysis. Stability during standing was examined using a force plate and energy consumption during walking was evaluated based on physiological cost index (PCI). Group comparisons were made using the independent t-test. There was no significant difference in stability between subjects with TFA and normal subjects during standing. However, walking speed in subjects with TFA decreased significantly compared to normal subjects (p = 0.014). PCI of subjects with TFA was 0.525 ± 0.13 compared to 0.298 ± 0.059 beats/m in normal subjects (p < 0.05). It seems that stability in subjects with TFA was similar to their healthy counterparts. However, energy consumption was higher in the TFA group than in normal subjects, which may be due to slow walking speed. Clinicians are to be aware of these findings as they may be useful for effective management of the patients with TFA.

The Effect of Dry Needling on Pain, Range of Motion of Ankle Joint, and Ultrasonographic Changes of Plantar Fascia in Patients With Plantar Fasciitis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Afsaneh Moosaei Saein ◽  
Ziaeddin Safavi-Farokhi ◽  
Atefeh Aminianfar ◽  
Marzieh Mortezanejad
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Ankle Joint ◽  
Visual Analog Scale ◽  
Plantar Fasciitis ◽  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Plantar Fascia ◽  
Trigger Points ◽  
Dry Needling ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Significant Difference

Context: Plantar fasciitis (PF) is a common and devastating disease. Despite different treatments, there is no clear evidence for the effect of these treatments on PF. One of the therapy methods used in physiotherapy is dry needling (DN). So the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of DN on the pain and range of motion of the ankle joint and plantar fascia thickness in subjects with PF who are suffering from the trigger points of the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles. Methods: In this study, 20 volunteer females with PF were randomly assigned into DN treatment and control groups. Measurements were range of motion in dorsiflexion and plantar flexion, plantar fascia thickness, and visual analog scale measured before, immediately, and 1 month after the end of the intervention in both groups. Results: There were significant differences in the plantar fascia thickness and visual analog scale between the 2 groups. Plantar fascia thickness (P = .016) and visual analog scale (P = .03) significantly decreased in the treatment group. However, there was no significant difference in plantar flexion (P = .582) and dorsiflexion range of motion (P = .173) between groups. Conclusion: The result of this study showed that DN can reduce pain and plantar fascia thickness in women with PF who are suffering from trigger points of the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles. Level of evidence: Level 1, randomized controlled trial.

Effect of prosthetic ankle units on the gait of persons with bilateral trans-femoral amputations

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lexyne L. McNealy ◽  
Steven A. Gard
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Ankle Joint ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Stance Phase ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Ankle Motion

In able-bodied individuals, the ankle joint functions to provide shock absorption, aid in foot clearance during the swing phase, and provides a rocker mechanism during stance phase to facilitate forward progression of the body. Prosthetic ankles currently used by persons with lower limb amputations provide considerably less function than their anatomical counterparts. However, increased ankle motion in the sagittal plane may improve the gait of persons with lower limb amputations while providing a more versatile prosthesis. The primary aim of this study was to examine and quantify temporal-spatial, kinematic, and kinetic changes in the gait of four male subjects with bilateral trans-femoral amputations who walked with and without prosthetic ankle units. Two prosthesis configurations were examined: (i) Baseline with only two Seattle LightFoot2 prosthetic feet, and (ii) with the addition of Endolite Multiflex Ankle units. Data from the gait analyses were compared between prosthetic configurations and with a control group of able-bodied subjects. The amputee subjects' freely-selected walking speeds, 0.74 ± 0.19 m/s for the Baseline condition and 0.81 ± 0.15 m/s with the ankle units, were much less than that of the control subjects (1.35 ± 0.10 m/s). The amputee subjects demonstrated no difference in walking speed, step length, cadence, or ankle, knee, and hip joint moments and powers between the two prosthesis configurations. Sagittal plane ankle range of motion, however, increased by 3–8° with the addition of the prosthetic ankle units. Compared to the control group, following initial contact the amputee subjects passively increased the rate of energy storage or dissipation at the prosthetic ankle joint, actively increased the power generation at the hip, and increased the extension moment at the hip while wearing the prosthetic ankle configuration. The amputee subjects increased the power generation at their hips, possibly as compensation for the reduced rate of energy return at their prosthetic ankles. Results from subject questionnaires administered following the gait analyses revealed that the prosthetic ankle units provided more comfort during gait and did not increase the perceived effort to walk. The subjects also indicated that they preferred walking with the prosthetic ankle units compared to the Baseline configuration. The results of the study showed that the prosthetic ankle units improved sagittal plane ankle range of motion and increased the comfort and functionality of the amputee subjects’ prostheses by restoring a significant portion of the ankle rocker mechanism during stance phase. Therefore, prosthetic ankle mechanisms should be considered a worthwhile option when prostheses are prescribed for persons with trans-femoral amputations.

scholarly journals Design of wireless device to measure plantar pressure and gait analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-181
Author(s):  
Mahendra Khatri ◽  
Sambardhan Dabadi ◽  
Sandeep Kumar Shrestha ◽  
Saugat Acharya ◽  
Sudip Tamang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hip Joint ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
The Body ◽  
Joint Movement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mean Pressure ◽  
The Mean

Foot plantar pressure is the pressure field that acts between the plantar region of the foot and supporting ground. The pressure exerted on the variable region of the foot can be determined using discrete pressure sensors. Information obtained from these sensors is useful in the measurement of gait and posture for diagnosing various problems associated with a lower limb, footwear design, and sports biomechanics. This project is aimed to design a portable in-shoe plantar pressure and gyroscope-based gait angle measurement system. Six Force Sensitive Resistor (FSR) placed in the sole (hallux, 1st, 5th metatarsal, midfoot lateral, midfoot medial and heel respectively) detects the plantar pressure and gyroscope placed at the ankle, knee and hip help measure the orientation and angle of joint movement during various phases of gait. The study among 16 male and 16 female subjects illustrated the significant pressure variation (p<0.0001, t=5.17 with α=95%). Similarly, there was a significant difference in pressure between normal and fast walking speed (p<0.0001, t=5.88) with mean values of 353Kpa and 426Kpa respectively. The mean pressure value for slow walking speed was 423Kpa while there was no significant variation between slow and normal walking speeds (p=0.62, t=1.98). Plantar pressure increased linearly with an increase in the body weight of a person as well. The mean pressure for the 45-50 age group was 313.25Kpa and that for 70-75 was 449Kpa. The study among 10 diabetics and 10 non-diabetic subjects illustrated significantly higher pressure on 1st and 5th metatarsal on diabetic subjects (p=0.0207 and t=2.536). The movement of ankle, knee and hip joint is visualized using the 3D model of a lower limb through processing software. The study illustrated the range of ankle joint movement between -60(dorsiflexion) to 200(plantarflexion), for knee joint was 00 to 300 (flexion) and that for hip joint was -50(extension) to 400(flexion). There was a significant difference in angular values for all three joints while climbing up and down the staircase as compared to walk in a level surface.

Effects of including core strengthening exercise as part of a comprehensive rehabilitation programmes on people with lower-limb amputation: a pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Sofía Mosteiro-Losada ◽  
Silvia Varela ◽  
Oscar García-García ◽  
Iván Martínez-Lemos ◽  
Carlos Ayán
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Exercise Programme ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Lower Limb Amputation ◽  
Limb Amputation

Background/aims Exercise can be a useful rehabilitation approach for people with lower-limb amputation. However, there is a lack of research in this regard. The aim of this study was to analyse functional mobility, walking speed, range of motion and quality of life changes experienced by people with lower-limb amputation after taking part in a comprehensive exercise programme that included core strengthening exercises. Methods This was a pilot study including six individuals who carried out a comprehensive exercise programme, which was performed once a week for 5 months. During the first 2 weeks, the participants attended 1-hour sessions that focused on the execution of diaphragmatic breathing and body scheme exercises. From the fourth week until the end of the intervention, the sessions were much longer, and included a warm-up phase, two circuit training workouts for core strength and balance, and a final stretching routine. Results Significant improvements were found in the participants' functional mobility (P=0.007) and walking speed (P=0.001). The exercise intervention did not have a significant impact on the participants' range of motion and quality of life. Conclusions In a group of people with lower-limb amputation, the performance of a comprehensive exercise programme that included core strengthening, was found to be beneficial for functional mobility and walking speed, although no significant effect was observed for range of motion and quality of life measures.

scholarly journals The outcome of a single percutaneous cannulated screw fixation in posterior malleolus fracture accompanied by medial or lateral malleolus fracture

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 2473011418S0037
Author(s):  
Yoo Jung Park ◽  
Yougun Won
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Ankle Joint ◽  
Screw Fixation ◽  
Cannulated Screw ◽  
Medial Malleolus ◽  
Posterior Malleolus ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Category: Trauma Introduction/Purpose: Posterior malleolus fractures occur most commonly in the setting of a rotational ankle fracture. In the treatment of posterior malleolus fractures, the indications for the surgical procedure are determined by the size of the fragment and the articular congruity of the tibiotalar joint. In general, the size of the bone fragment is known to be an indication of surgery if it involves more than 25% of the joint surface, and if it is less than that, anatomical reduction and fixation of only lateral or medial malleolus was suggested. We evaluate the clinical and radiological results of fixation and early range of motion exercise using a single cannulated screw when the fragment of the posterior malleolus fracture is less than 25%. Methods: Among 60 patients with SER stage 3 or 4 who had undergone surgery from March 2010 to March 2014, percutaneous cannulated screw fixation was performed for posterior malleolus in 30 cases (Group 1). In the other 30 cases (Group 2), we did not perform the fixation for posterior malleolus fracture and only cast immobilization was done after fixation for lateral or medial malleolus. Mean follow-up period was 14.8 weeks(12~18) for the Group 1, 12.9 weeks(12~18) for Group 2. Mean age of patients was 46.6(19~78) for Group 1, 50.2(19~74) for Group 2. The range of motion was checked at week 2, 4, 12, and at last follow-up. Results: There was no significant difference of time to union and union rate between two groups, and AOFAS score between two groups also showed no significant difference(91.94(83~100) vs 90.8(85~100), p = 0.45). The range of motion of ankle joint at the final follow-up showed significant difference (Ankle ROM 52.7’ (45’~65’) vs 45.3’(35’~65’), (p<0.01) and complications between two groups also showed no significant difference. Conclusion: A single percutaneous cannulated screw fixation in posterior malleolus fracture accompanied by medial or lateral malleolus fracture can be performed in fractures with small fragment size and minimal displacement. We found that it can be a effective method to achieve early and wide range of motion of ankle joint after posterior mallolus fracture.

scholarly journals A Virtual Reality-Cycling Training System for Lower Limb Balance Improvement

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chieh Yin ◽  
Ya-Hsin Hsueh ◽  
Chun-Yu Yeh ◽  
Hsin-Chang Lo ◽  
Yi-Ting Lan
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Training System ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pedal Force ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cycling Training

Stroke survivors might lose their walking and balancing abilities, but many studies pointed out that cycling is an effective means for lower limb rehabilitation. However, during cycle training, the unaffected limb tends to compensate for the affected one, which resulted in suboptimal rehabilitation. To address this issue, we present a Virtual Reality-Cycling Training System (VRCTS), which senses the cycling force and speed in real-time, analyzes the acquired data to produce feedback to patients with a controllable VR car in a VR rehabilitation program, and thus specifically trains the affected side. The aim of the study was to verify the functionality of the VRCTS and to verify the results from the ten stroke patients participants and to compare the result of Asymmetry Ratio Index (ARI) between the experimental group and the control group, after their training, by using the bilateral pedal force and force plate to determine any training effect. The results showed that after the VRCTS training in bilateral pedal force it had improved by 0.22 (p=0.046) and in force plate the stand balance has also improved by 0.29 (p=0.031); thus both methods show the significant difference.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF THE APPLICATION PROGRAMME OF CORRECTIVE EXERCISES ON FOOT CONDITION

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Slaviša Lazuta ◽  
Nikolina Gerdijan ◽  
Željko Vukić
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Exercise Programme ◽  
Foot Deformities ◽  
Foot Deformity ◽  
Flat Foot ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Foot Arch ◽  
Exercise Programmes ◽  
Banja Luka

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of corrective exercise programmes on the foot condition. The research was attended by 66 subjects (students of the Jovan Cvijić elementary school, Banja Luka) aged 11-12 years. Of the total number of subjects on initial testing, 44 subjects (72.7%) had flat foot deformity (first, second and third degree) and they participated in further research. The Footplate currex platform was used to assess the arch of the foot. The programme of flat foot corrective exercises lasted a total of 4 months. Exercises were performed twice a week for 20 minutes. The programme included a total of 13 exercises and each exercise was repeated 20 times. A Chi-squared test was applied to determine if there was a difference in the frequency of foot deformities between the initial and final measurements, as well as gender differences, i.e. whether the applied exercise programme affected the reduction of foot arch deformity (p <0.05). The obtained results showed a statistically significant difference between the initial and final measurement (p= 0.008). At the initial measurement, most subjects had the first degree of flat foot deformity (33 subjects or 75%), the second degree (9 subjects or 20.50%), and the third degree (2 subjects or 4.50%). Corrective exercises had positive effects in subjects with the established first-degree flat foot deformity. After the programme of corrective exercises, the deformity of the first degree disappeared in 10 subjects (22.7%). In subjects with established foot deformities of the second and third degree, no statistically significant difference was observed after the programme of corrective exercises. By analysing the statistically obtained data of flat foot deformities between male and female subjects, we concluded that there is a higher number of deformities in boys, although the result has no statistical significance. Based on the data, we can conclude that exercises are the most effective method for flat foot correction. If there is a higher degree of foot deformity, it is necessary to perform corrective exercises for a longer period of time and with a stronger intensity (several times a week). <p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0774/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

scholarly journals Evaluation of Gait Performance of a Hemipelvectomy Amputation Walking with a Canadian Prosthesis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
M. T. Karimi ◽  
M. Kamali ◽  
H. Omar ◽  
Javid Mostmand
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Muscular Power ◽  
Kinematic Parameters ◽  
Gait Performance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Kinematic Performance ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Better Than

Background.Hemipelvectomy amputation is a surgical procedure in which lower limb and a portion of pelvic are removed. There are a few studies in the literature regarding the performance of subjects with hip disarticulation during walking. However, there is no study on gait analysis of hemipelvectomy subject. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to evaluate the gait and stability of subject with hemipelvectomy amputation.Case Description and Methods.A subject with hemipelvectomy amputation at right side was involved in this study. He used a Canadian prosthesis with single axis ankle joint, 3R21 knee joint, and 7E7 hip joint for more than 10 years. The kinetic and kinematic parameters were collected by a motion analysis system and a Kistler force platform.Findings and Outcomes.There was a significant difference between knee, hip, and ankle range of motions and their moments in the sound and prosthesis sides. In the other side, the stability of the subject in the anteroposterior direction seems to be better than that in the mediolateral direction.Conclusions.There was a significant asymmetry between the kinetic and kinematic performance of the sound and prosthesis sides, which may be due to lack of muscular power and alignment of prosthesis components.

Walking for fitness: is it enough to maintain both heart and bone health?

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Waddington ◽  
T. Dickson ◽  
S. Trathen ◽  
R. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Cardiovascular Fitness ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Rate Distribution ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Exercise Challenge ◽  
Significant Difference

Exercising at levels of whole body accelerations exceeding 3.6 g has been shown to have positive effects on cardiovascular fitness, bone density and balance. This pilot research project evaluated the whole body accelerations and cardiovascular challenge provided by selected walks in the Canberra region of Australia to determine if walks could be ranked according to potential level of impact on both cardiovascular fitness and bone health. Nine participants, who described themselves as walking at least 3 km, three times per week, wore a data logging device recording heart rate, acceleration and GPS position while walking three outdoor tracks: (1) the running track of an athletics stadium; (2) on a hill climb path through bushland; and (3) on a route through suburban streets. There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) for heart rate, distribution of whole body accelerations and average walking speed between track 2 and tracks 1 and 3. There was a significant difference for heart rate, distribution of whole body accelerations and average walking speed between the walks. The running track and the suburban walk provide a moderate exercise challenge, with the hill climb walk providing progressively greater vertical height challenge, resulting in an increased cardiovascular exercise challenge. No participant effectively exceeded the threshold for achieving a positive impact on bone density (100 or more accelerations/day >3.6 g) on track 1, and only two of the nine participants intermittently achieved this threshold on tracks 2 and 3.

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