LOW TEMPERATURE HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESIS OF BISMUTH SODIUM TITANATE NANOPOWDERS

2005 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
pp. 637-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
PUSIT POOKMANEE ◽  
SUKON PHANICHPHANT
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Sodium Titanate ◽  
Bismuth Sodium Titanate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Hydrothermal Route ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Calcination Step ◽  
Bismuth Sodium ◽  
Scanning Electron

Nanopowders bismuth sodium titanate ( Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 TiO 3, BNT ) were synthesized by the hydrothermal route at low temperature in the range of 150-200°C with different holding periods of 5-20 h. Bismuth nitrate, sodium nitrate and titanium (IV) isopropoxide were used as the starting materials. The phase structure was examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The morphology of the formed nanopowders was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Rhombohedral BNT nanopowders was obtained without calcination step. The spherical nanopowders were agglomerated. The average sizes of particle size were about 50-200 nm.

Properties and Phase Shift Structure of (1-x)BT-(x)BNT Ceramics

2016 ◽  
Vol 675-676 ◽  
pp. 615-618
Author(s):  
Chompoonuch Warangkanagool
Keyword(s):  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Sodium Titanate ◽  
Lattice Parameter ◽  
Bismuth Sodium Titanate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Fluid Medium ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Bismuth Sodium ◽  
Scanning Electron

In the research, the properties of barium titanate - bismuth sodium titanate [(1-x)BaTiO3-(x)Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3: (1-x)BT-(x)BNT] ceramics prepared by conventional mixed oxide method with various molecular weight of BNT or x between 0.0 and 0.3 were investigated. The optimum condition for calcined powders of x = 0.0 was found at 900 °C for 2 h, and x = 0.1 - 0.3 were found at 850 °C for 2h. The calcined powders were pressed and sintered at 1000 – 1200 °C for 2h. The phase structure was examined by x-ray diffraction (XRD). The microstructure was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Density of sintered samples was measured by Archimedes method with distilled water as the fluid medium. It was found that, all various x of (1-x)BT-(x)BNT ceramics XRD patterns display the tetragonality increased with increasing sintering temperature. All the peaks shift to higher angles when increasing x value indicating the decrease of lattice parameter “a” and increase of lattice parameter “c”. The average grains size of (1-x)BT-(x)BNT ceramics was increased with increasing sintering temperature. The highest density was 5.53 g/cm3 and was obtained from the sample sintered at 1200 °C.

Magnesium Nitrate as Additive for Synthesis of Mg(OH)2 Nanoparticles

2012 ◽  
Vol 198-199 ◽  
pp. 99-102
Author(s):  
Qing Gang Kong ◽  
Hai Yan Qian
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Magnesium Nitrate ◽  
Crystal Phase ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Size And Morphology ◽  
Scanning Electron

Magnesium nitrate was used as additive for synthesis of Mg(OH)2 (MH) nanoparticles at low temperature (70°C). Mg(OH)2 nanoparticles have platelet-like structure and approximately 40-60nm in thicknesses. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were applied to characterize the crystal phase. The supersaturation degree of solution effects the size and morphology of MH nanoparticles.

SiO2ZrO2 Thin Films as Low Temperature NO2 and O3 Sensors

2015 ◽  
Vol 1088 ◽  
pp. 81-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.N. Myasoedova ◽  
Victor V. Petrov ◽  
Nina K. Plugotarenko ◽  
Dmitriy V. Sergeenko ◽  
Galina Yalovega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Operating Temperatures ◽  
Scanning Electron

Thin SiO2ZrO2films were prepared, up to 0.2 μm thick, by means of the sol–gel technology and characterized by a Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. It is shown the presence of monoclinic, cubic and tetragonal phases of ZrO2in the SiO2matrix. The crystallites sizes depend on the annealing temperature of the film and amount to 35 and 56 nm for the films annealed at 773 and 973 K, respectively. The films resistance is rather sensitive to the presence of NO2and O3impurity in air at lower operating temperatures in the range of 30-60°C.

Effects of Mg2+ Doping on the Properties of LiFePO4 Synthesized via Hydrothermal Route

2009 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 498-501
Author(s):  
Guang Chuan Liang ◽  
Xiao Ke Zhi ◽  
Xiu Qin Ou ◽  
Li Wang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Hydrothermal Synthesis ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Hydrothermal Route ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Charge Discharge ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Discharge Test

Mg2+ doped LiFePO4 was synthesized from Li3PO4, FeSO4 and MgSO4 by a hydrothermal synthesis at 150 °C（Li1-xMgxPO4, x=0.00, 0.01,0.02,0.04,0.06）. The samples were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and charge-discharge test. The results showed that Mg2+ dissolved in the LiFePO4 lattice. When the content is in the range of 0 to 6 mol%, Mg2+ caused the shrinkage of LiFePO4 cell volume. The capacity of doped and undoped samples at low discharging rate was similar, about 145mAhg-1 for 0.2C. But the sample doped with 2-4 mol% Mg2+ has higher capacity and longer cycle lifetime than the undoped one at 5C.

Hydrothermal Synthesis of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Microparticle

2008 ◽  
Vol 55-57 ◽  
pp. 845-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pusit Pookmanee ◽  
S. Khuanphet ◽  
Sukon Phanichphant
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Ammonium Hydroxide ◽  
Hexagonal Structure ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Hydrothermal Route ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Calcination Step ◽  
Scanning Electron

Zinc oxide (ZnO) microparticle was synthesized by hydrothermal route using zinc acetate and ammonium hydroxide as the starting precursors in the mole ratio of 1:6. The final mixture solution was adjust with pH of 9 and treated in PTFE-line autoclave at 100 oC for 2, 4 and 6 h. The precipitate was washed with deionized water until the final pH solution of 7 and then dried at 100 oC for 4h. The phase structure was examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). A single phase hexagonal structure was obtained without calcination step. Microstructure was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The particle size of ZnO was in the range of 0.15-1.5 µm with irregular in shape. The chemical composition was identified by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS). The elemental composition of ZnO showed the characteristic X-ray energy value as follows: zinc of Lα = 1.012 keV, Kα = 8.630 keV and Kβ = 9.570 keV and oxygen of Kα = 0.525 keV, respectively.

Synthesis and Characterization of NiO Doped SnO2 Nano-Flowers

2013 ◽  
Vol 575-576 ◽  
pp. 58-60
Author(s):  
Wei Ping Tang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectrum ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Hydrothermal Route ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this present work, a new method for preparing NiO doped SnO2 nanoflowers by hydrothermal route is suggested. The composition and microstructure of samples were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR). Moreover, a possible formation mechanism was discussed.

Synthesis of Titania Nanowires From Local Synthetic Rutiles

2013 ◽  
Vol 756 ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Muslimin Masliana ◽  
Meor Sulaiman Meor Yusoff ◽  
S.P. Wilfred
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Crystalline Phase ◽  
Sodium Titanate ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
1D Nanostructures ◽  
Scanning Electron

A new method for preparation of titania nanowires with diameter around 20 nmand length up more than 4um is described. The precursor was supply from local amang plant in Lahat, Perak which is produced the by product called synthetic rutiles. This precursor was mix with NaOH to form sodium titanate followed by heating at temperature of 550°C for 3 h. The sodium titanate formed by this way aggregated into 1D nanostructures and was subsequently transformed into titania nanowires during the heat treatment. The crystalline phase of the titania nanowires is rutile. The precursor as well as titania based samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Energy dispersive X-ray and scanning electron microscopy.

Synthesis of Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 Microcubes via a Cr3+-Assisted Hydrothermal Route

2012 ◽  
Vol 463-464 ◽  
pp. 1497-1500
Author(s):  
Lin Lin Yang ◽  
Yong Gang Wang ◽  
Yu Jiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Hydrothermal Route ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 microcubes with the side size ca. 20-30um were successfully fabricated by a Cr3+-assisted hydrothermal method. The obtained samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results show that Cr3+ played a significant role in the formation of Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 microcubes. Possible mechanisms for the growth of Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 microcubes are discussed. The results presented in this study would be important in investigating the correlation between morphology and basic physical properties, and may offer a route to control the morphology and size of crystals.

Hydrothermal Synthesis of α-MnO2 Nanostructures at Low Temperature and their Electrochemistry Properties

2014 ◽  
Vol 556-562 ◽  
pp. 166-168
Author(s):  
Si Liang Li ◽  
Ya Jie Guo ◽  
Jing Juan Pu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electronic Conductivity ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cyclic Voltammograms ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Hydrothermal Route ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Capacitive Behavior ◽  
Facile Hydrothermal Route ◽  
Scanning Electron

A novel three-dimensional MnO2 have been successfully prepared by a facile hydrothermal route without any catalysts below 90oC. They were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, the obtained α-MnO2 nanorods showed excellent capacitive behavior, cyclic voltammograms stability and favorable electronic conductivity.

The Effect of Low-Temperature Glow Discharge Nitriding of Duplex Stainless Steel on Absorption and Desorption of Hydrogen

2011 ◽  
Vol 183 ◽  
pp. 71-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bartosz Gołębiowski ◽  
Tadeusz Zakroczymski ◽  
Wiesław Świątnicki
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Glow Discharge ◽  
Hydrogen Absorption ◽  
Nitrided Layer ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Absorption Of Hydrogen

The effect of the nitrided layers produced on ferritic-austenitic stainless steel to hydrogen absorption and desorption was studied. The layers were formed during low-temperature glow discharge nitriding process. The microstructure of steel after nitriding and cathodic hydrogen charging was investigated by means of X-ray diffraction and by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). One of the objectives was to determine the quantity of hydrogen absorbed by the steel samples with and without the nitrided layer. To determine the quantity of the diffusible and trapped hydrogen, the electrochemical permeation and desorption methods were used. The influence of the nitrided layer on the entry, absorption and desorption of hydrogen was determined. The results revealed that the nitrided layer hinders absorption of hydrogen into and desorption of hydrogen from the membrane.

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