SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF TITANIUM DIOXIDE DOPED WITH Sc3+ IONS

2006 ◽  
Vol 05 (02n03) ◽  
pp. 351-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
YOUNG SOO KANG ◽  
DONG RI ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Anatase Phase ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Selected Area Electron Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Xrd Patterns

Nanoparticles of titanium dioxide ( TiO 2) doped with 5 at.% Sc 3+ ions were synthesized using the sol–gel method and calcined at 500°C to obtain better anatase phase. The crystal structures of the doped TiO 2 nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Raman, UV-vis, FT-IR spectroscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and selected-area electron diffraction (SAED). XRD patterns and Raman spectra of TiO 2 + 5 at.% Sc -500°C show the anatase phase and the average particle size of the sample calculated from XRD patterns was determined as 5.9 nm. Well-resolved rings of SAED of TiO 2 doped with Sc 3+ ions are easily indexed to those from XRD pattern. HRTEM shows the well-defined lattice fringes and the lattice spacing measured from HRTEM is 0.33 nm, which is in well agreement with the distance between the (101) planes in anatase TiO 2. Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrum of the doped TiO 2 confirms the presence of Sc element in the TiO 2 matrix.

Biosynthesis and Characterization of Copper Nanoparticles Using a Bioflocculant Extracted from Alcaligenis faecalis HCB2

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1064-1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nkosinathi G. Dlamini ◽  
Albertus K. Basson ◽  
V. S. R. Rajasekhar Pullabhotla
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Copper Nanoparticles ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Ft Ir

Bioflocculant from Alcaligenis faecalis HCB2 was used in the eco-friendly synthesis of the copper nanoparticles. Nanoparticles were characterized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-visible spectroscopy, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). The transmission electron microscopy images showed close to spherical shapes with an average particle size of ∼53 nm. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis confirmed the presence of the Cu nanopartilces and also the other elements such as O, C, P, Ca, Cl, Na, K, Mg, and S originated from the bioflocculant. FT-IR results showed the presence of the –OH and –NH2 groups, aliphatic bonds, amide and Cu–O bonds. Powder X-ray diffraction peaks confirmed the presence of (111) and (220) planes of fcc structure at 2 of 33° and 47° respectively with no other impurity peaks.

scholarly journals Synthesis of SnO2 nanopowders by a sol-gel process using propanol-isopropanol mixture

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 651-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Hassanzadeh ◽  
Behrang Moazzez ◽  
Hossein Haghgooie ◽  
Mohsen Nasseri ◽  
Mir Golzan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Nanometer Scale ◽  
Preparation Process ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Selected Area Electron Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Sol Gel Process ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Sno2 Powder ◽  
Sol Gel Synthesis

AbstractA simple sol-gel process is proposed for synthesizing SnO2 nanopowders utilizing normal propanol and isopropanol mixture instead of just using normal alcohols such as ethanol, propanol or butanol for Sol preparation. No surfactant was used in this Sol preparation process. The structure of sol is studied by FT-IR-ATR technique. On altering propanol to isopropanol ratio, three different nanopowders were obtained. X-ray powder diffraction, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), selected area electron diffraction pattern (SAED) and BET techniques were used to characterize prepared powders. Results show that smaller grain size was obtained via altering alcohols ratio. In addition, Merck commercial SnO2 powder was also used as a reference material for comparing purposes; because it has nanometer scale (ca. 60 nm). HRTEM images show that obtained nanopowders were polycrystalline and their average diameters fall into the range of 6–80 nm. Finally, the effect of alkoxide ligand size through sol-gel synthesis on product particle size is discussed.

Preparation of Fe Nanoparticles by Confined Arc Plasma Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 476-478 ◽  
pp. 1206-1209
Author(s):  
Xiao Ju Yao ◽  
Zhi Qiang Wei ◽  
Hua Yang ◽  
Li Gang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Arc Plasma ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Plasma Method ◽  
Selected Area Electron Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Fe Nanoparticles ◽  
Bcc Structure

In the protecting inert gas, Fe nanoparticles were successfully prepared by confined arc plasma method. The particle size, microstructure and morphology of the particles by this process were characterized via X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) adsorption equation, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the corresponding selected area electron diffraction (SAED). The experiment results indicate that the samples by this process distributed uniform with spherical chain shapes, the crystal structure is body centered cubic (BCC) structure as same as the bulk materials, the particle size distribution ranging from 20 to 70 nm, with an average particle size about 39 nm obtained by TEM and confirmed by XRD and BET results. The specific surface area is 17.5 m2/g.

Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Fe:TiO2 Particles

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 28-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uraiwan Werapun ◽  
Jaraslak Pechwang
Keyword(s):  
Anatase Phase ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Rutile Phase ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Scanning Electron

TiO2 and iron-doped TiO2 were synthesized by sol-gel method. TiO2 and 0.5 %mol Fe:TiO2 were calcined at 500 and 800 °C for 3 h. The synthesized particles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV-VIS diffuse reflectance spectrophotometry (UV/DRS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-Ray analysis (SEM-EDX). The XRD patterns of all samples that were calcined at 500 °C showed only anatase phase. On increasing temperature from 500 to 800 °C, the anatase phase transformed to rutile phase. For 0.5 %mol Fe:TiO2, pseudobrookite (Fe2TiO5) phase was observed at 800 °C. The particles that contained rutile showed higher antibacterial activities against E.coli, B. subtilis, and S. aureus than anatase phase, under fluorescent irradiation.

Fabrication of TiO2-Aerogel with NiB Nano-Clusters and Its Structural Characterization and Catalysis Evaluation

2006 ◽  
Vol 11-12 ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
T. Nishi ◽  
Sakae Tanemura ◽  
Lei Miao ◽  
Masaki Tanemura ◽  
K. Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Anatase Phase ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ground Sample ◽  
Tio2 Anatase ◽  
Selected Area Electron Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Infrared Spectrophotometer ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
The Difference

We have prepared titania aerogel (=AG) embedded by NiB nano-clusters by sol-gel method, immersion of the prepared wet gel into the NiB dispersed solution, and the subsequent super critical drying (=SCD). The AG was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), a transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and a fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FT-IR). XRD and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns assured the formation of TiO2 anatase phase. TEM observation reveled the composition of TiO2 crystallites with about 4 nm in size. Catalyst performance for the ground sample was confirmed by chemical reaction of oxidation of benzene at low temperature, and the difference in catalyst performance between TiO2 AGs with and without the embedded NiB nano-clusters has been examined.

Microstructure Characterization of Ag Nanoparticles Prepared by Hydrothermal Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 476-478 ◽  
pp. 1138-1141
Author(s):  
Zhi Qiang Wei ◽  
Qiang Wei ◽  
Li Gang Liu ◽  
Hua Yang ◽  
Xiao Juan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Ag Nanoparticles ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
Selected Area Electron Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Face Centered

Ag nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by hydrothermal method under the polyol system combined with traces of sodium chloride, Silver nitrate(AgNO3) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) acted as the silver source and dispersant respectively. The samples by this process were characterized via X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) adsorption equation, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the corresponding selected area electron diffraction (SAED) to determine the chemical composition, particle size, crystal structure and morphology. The experiment results indicate that the crystal structure of the samples is face centered cubic (FCC) structure as same as the bulk materials, The specific surface area is 24 m2/g, the particle size distribution ranging from10 to 50 nm, with an average particle size about 26 nm obtained by TEM and confirmed by XRD and BET results.

Synthesis of Cu Loaded TiO2 Nanoparticles for the Improved Photocatalytic Degradation of Rhodamine B

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (05n06) ◽  
pp. 1660002 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Kavitha ◽  
P. S. Ramesh ◽  
D. Geetha
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Rhodamine B ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Visible Spectrum ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Bandgap Energy ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Titanium Tetraisopropoxide ◽  
Photoexcited Electron

Copper doped Titanium dioxide TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by sol–gel method using titanium tetraisopropoxide and copper sulfate as precursors. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Photoluminesce spectroscopy (PL) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). XRD analysis confirms the formation of anatase titanium dioxide and average particle size was 35[Formula: see text]nm. Cu– TiO2 exhibits a shift in the absorption edge toward visible spectrum. The rate of recombination and transfer behavior of the photoexcited electron–hole pairs in the semiconductors was recorded by photoluminescence. From SEM spherical shaped nanoparticles was observed. Comparing with pure TiO2 nanoparticles, Cu doped TiO2 photocatalyst exhibited enhanced photocatalytic activity under natural sunlight irradiation in the decomposition of rhodamine B aqueous solution. The maximum 97% of degradation efficiency of Rhodamine B was observed at 0.6% Cu–TiO2 within 180[Formula: see text]min. The photocatalytic efficiency of Rhodamine B of Cu doped TiO2 nanoparticle was higher than the pure TiO2, which could be attributed to the small crystallinity intense light absorption in Sunlight and narrow bandgap energy of Copper.

Nanocrystalline α-Fe2O3: A Superparamagnetic Material for w-LED Application and Waste Water Treatment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahesh Gaidhane ◽  
Deepak Taikar ◽  
Pravin Gaidhane ◽  
Kalpana Nagde
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Emission Spectra ◽  
Broad Emission Band ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Prepared Material ◽  
Cie Chromaticity

Abstract Nanocrystalline α-Fe2O3 is synthesized by sol-gel technique. The prepared nanomaterial was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), SEM, TEM, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Vibrating Sample Magnetometry (VSM) and photoluminescence (PL) techniques. X-ray powder diffraction analysis confirmed the formation of α-Fe2O3. Electron microscopy showed spherical morphologies with an average particle size of 30-40 nm. The magnetic property of the prepared material was studied by VSM at room temperature. VSM study shows superparamagnetic nature of the synthesized nanoparticles. Photoluminescence (PL) emission spectra show intense broad emission band centered at 570 nm with 393 nm excitation indicating its usefulness for w-LED application. The CIE-chromaticity color coordinates of prepared material were calculated. The photocatalytic activity of the α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles was analyzed and the nanopowder exhibited good photocatalytic activity for the removal AO7 from its aqueous solution.

scholarly journals Oxide Nanomaterials Based on SnO2 for Semiconductor Hydrogen Sensors

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Fedorenko ◽  
Ludmila Oleksenko ◽  
Nelly Maksymovych
Keyword(s):  
Tin Dioxide ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Hydrogen Sensors ◽  
Measuring Range ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Response And Recovery ◽  
Good Repeatability

Nanosized tin dioxide with an average particle size of 5.3 nm was synthesized by a sol-gel method and characterized by IR spectroscopy, TEM, X-ray, and electron diffraction. The obtained SnO2 can be used as initial material for creation of gas-sensitive layers of adsorption semiconductor sensors. Addition of palladium into the initial nanomaterial allows to improve response to hydrogen of such sensors in comparison with sensors based on undoped SnO2 and provides fast response and recovery time, a wide measuring range of hydrogen content in air ambient, and good repeatability of the sensor signal. Such promising properties could make useful the sensors based on these nanomaterials for devices intended to determine hydrogen in air.

Facile Synthesis and Characterization of Fe-Co Nanoparticles Supported Silica Rice Husk

2016 ◽  
Vol 709 ◽  
pp. 66-69
Author(s):  
Jeyashelly Andas ◽  
Rahmah Atikah Rosdi ◽  
Nur Izzati Mohd Anuar
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Silica Source ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Particle Size Analyzer ◽  
Bimetallic Materials ◽  
Co Nanoparticles

A series of Fe-Co nanoparticles were synthesized via sol-gel route at acidic, neutral and basic condition using rice husk as the silica source. The synthesized nanomaterials were designated as Fe-Co3, Fe-Co7 and Fe-Co9 and characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and particle size analyzer. The great effect of pH was clearly evidenced from the shifting in the siloxane bond in the FTIR spectrum. TEM investigation confirmed the existence of discrete and almost sphere like nanoparticles. The particle size decreased with an increase in the pH, registering the smallest average particle size at pH 9. In brief, this study promises a fast, rapid and promising method for the conversion of silica rice husk into nanoscale bimetallic materials.

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