Entanglement acquirement from continuous variable system

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (07) ◽  
pp. 1650038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Shi ◽  
Li Zheng ◽  
Yu-Jie Liu ◽  
Chong Li
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Discrete Variables ◽  
Variable System ◽  
Generation Of Entanglement ◽  
Entanglement Sharing

We investigate a remote establishment of entanglement sharing resource through entanglement transferred from continuous variables to discrete variables. The analysis of generation of entanglement for two initially unentangled atoms with different fields are performed and simultaneous observations of the max entanglement acquirement is given. Based on our result, we suppose that the max and stable entanglement acquirement can be obtained with appropriate field parameters.

scholarly journals Some applications of uncertainty relations in quantum information

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (06) ◽  
pp. 1640022 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Majumdar ◽  
T. Pramanik
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Information ◽  
Uncertainty Relation ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Uncertainty Relations ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Discrete Variables ◽  
Epr Paradox ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Heisenberg Uncertainty ◽  
Non Gaussian

We discuss some applications of various versions of uncertainty relations for both discrete and continuous variables in the context of quantum information theory. The Heisenberg uncertainty relation enables demonstration of the Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen (EPR) paradox. Entropic uncertainty relations (EURs) are used to reveal quantum steering for non-Gaussian continuous variable states. EURs for discrete variables are studied in the context of quantum memory where fine-graining yields the optimum lower bound of uncertainty. The fine-grained uncertainty relation is used to obtain connections between uncertainty and the nonlocality of retrieval games for bipartite and tripartite systems. The Robertson-Schrödinger (RS) uncertainty relation is applied for distinguishing pure and mixed states of discrete variables.

scholarly journals Modelling semi-continuous data using mixture regression models with an application to cattle production yields

2011 ◽  
Vol 150 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. BELASCO ◽  
S. K. GHOSH
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Multivariate Models ◽  
Mixture Regression ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Mixture Regression Models ◽  
Mixture Regression Model ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Half

SUMMARYThe present paper develops a mixture regression model that allows for distributional flexibility in modelling the likelihood of a semi-continuous outcome that takes on zero value with positive probability while continuous on the positive half of the real line. A multivariate extension is also developed that builds on past multivariate models by systematically capturing the relationship between continuous and semi-continuous variables, while allowing for the semi-continuous variable to be characterized by a mixture model. The flexibility associated with this model provides potential applications in many production system studies. The empirical model is shown to provide a more accurate measure of mortality rates in cattle feedlots, both independently and within a system including other performance and health factors.

Discrete Optimal Design Formulations: Application to Gear Train Design

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard P. Pomrehn ◽  
Panos Y. Papalambros
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Gear Train ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Discrete Variables ◽  
Interesting Aspect ◽  
Model Formulation ◽  
Design Models ◽  
Different Types

Abstract The use of discrete variables in optimal design models offers the opportunity to deal rigorously with an expanded variety of design situations, as opposed to using only continuous variables. However, complexity and solution difficulty increase dramatically and model formulation becomes very important. A particular problem arising from the design of a gear train employing four spur gear pairs is introduced and formulated in several different ways. An interesting aspect of the problem is its exhibition of three different types of discreteness. The problem could serve as a test for a variety of optimization or artificial intellegence techniques. The best known solution is included in this article, while its derivation is given in a sequel article.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Brazilian Propolis Supplementation for Japanese Lactating Women for Atopic Sensitization and Nonspecific Symptoms in Their Offspring: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Gen Igarashi ◽  
Takaaki Segawa ◽  
Naoe Akiyama ◽  
Tamon Nishino ◽  
Takeru Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Total Ige ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Atopic Sensitization ◽  
Brazilian Propolis

Propolis is a natural product collected from several plants by honeybees and mixed with beeswax and salivary enzymes. In animal models, propolis suppressed IgE-mediated allergies. However, there is no clinical evidence that propolis prevents human atopic sensitization, to the best of our knowledge. Therefore, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted to assess whether propolis supplementation for lactating women increases or decreases the level of total IgE and antigen-specific IgE in the serum of their offspring (i.e., atopic sensitization) at the time of their first birthday. In addition, whether propolis supplementation improves or worsens nonspecific symptoms (e.g., eczema) in the lactating women and their offspring was also investigated. This trial is registered with UMIN000020794. Eligible pairs of mothers and their offspring (n=80) were randomized to two groups: propolis (n=40) and placebo (n=40). Participants were evaluated every month, and 31 (78%) of the propolis group and 23 (58%) of the placebo group underwent blood tests at the first birthday of the offspring. Total IgE ≥ 10 UA/ml was seen in 26 (84%) infants whose mothers were given propolis, which was not significantly different from the 19 (86%) given placebo (P=0.80). Total IgE as a continuous variable was not significantly different between the propolis and placebo groups (P=0.70). Antigen-specific IgE levels for mites, egg white, cow’s milk, and wheat, as both dichotomous and continuous variables, were not significantly different between the two groups. Both in mothers and their offspring, there were no significant differences in the subjective improvements of nonspecific symptoms between the two groups. Except for one mother who had transient and mild nausea, none of the other mothers or their offspring developed severe adverse events during the follow-up period. In conclusion, compared with placebo, Brazilian propolis supplementation did not influence the risk of atopic sensitization in infants and neither did it improve nor worsen nonspecific symptoms in either mothers or their infants.

Two-Level Nonlinear Mixed Discrete-Continuous Optimization-Based Design: An Application to Printed Circuit Board Assemblies

1992 ◽  
Vol 114 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Praharaj ◽  
S. Azarm
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Printed Circuit Board ◽  
Continuous Optimization ◽  
The Other ◽  
Circuit Board ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Discrete Variables ◽  
Printed Circuit ◽  
Monotonicity Analysis ◽  
Optimization Based Design

In this paper, a new approach for optimization-based design of nonlinearly mixed discrete-continuous problems has been developed. The approach is based on a two-level decomposition strategy in which the entire domain of variables is partitioned into two levels, one involving the continuous variables and the other involving the discrete variables. Variables in one level are optimized for fixed values of the variable from the other level. A modified penalty function is formed, based on monotonicity analysis, to solve for the discrete variables, and a conventional optimization method is used to solve for the continuous variables. To improve the computational effectiveness of the approach, a constrained derivative relationship is also adopted. The performance of the entire algorithm is then demonstrated through an example involving a simplified model for printed circuit board assemblies. The objective in the example is to maximize assembly reliability by: (1) adding redundant components to the boards, and (2) optimally distributing allocated mass flow to the individual channels of the circuit boards. Number of variables in the example is then varied to investigate the effectiveness and potential of the approach for large-scale problems.

scholarly journals Continuous Variable Entanglement in Non-Zero Orbital Angular Momentum States

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Adriana Pecoraro ◽  
Filippo Cardano ◽  
Lorenzo Marrucci ◽  
Alberto Porzio
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Orbital Angular Momentum ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Photon Number ◽  
Local Oscillator ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Entangled State ◽  
Continuous Variables

Orbital angular momentum is a discrete degree of freedom that can access an infinite dimensional Hilbert space, thus enhancing the information capacity of a single optical beam. Continuous variables field quadratures allow achieving some quantum tasks in a more advantageous way with respect to the use of photon-number states. Here, we use a hybrid approach realizing bipartite continuous-variable Gaussian entangled state made up of two electromagnetic modes carrying orbital angular momentum. A q-plate is used for endowing a pair of entangled beams with such a degree of freedom. This quantum state is then completely characterized thanks to a novel design of a homodyne detector in which also the local oscillator is an orbital angular momentum-carrying beams so allowing the direct detection of vortex modes quadratures.

scholarly journals Continuous Rural-Urban Coding for Cancer Disparity Studies: Is It Appropriate for Statistical Analysis?

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lusine Yaghjyan ◽  
Christopher Cogle ◽  
Guangran Deng ◽  
Jue Yang ◽  
Pauline Jackson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Prevailing Paradigm ◽  
Late Stage Cancer ◽  
Cancer Disparity

Background: The dichotomization or categorization of rural-urban codes, as nominal variables, is a prevailing paradigm in cancer disparity studies. The paradigm represents continuous rural-urban transition as discrete groups, which results in a loss of ordering information and landscape continuum, and thus may contribute to mixed findings in the literature. Few studies have examined the validity of using rural-urban codes as continuous variables in the same analysis. Methods: We geocoded cancer cases in north central Florida between 2005 and 2010 collected by Florida Cancer Data System. Using a linear hierarchical model, we regressed the occurrence of late stage cancer (including breast, colorectal, hematological, lung, and prostate cancer) on the rural-urban codes as continuous variables. To validate, the results were compared to those from using a truly continuous rurality data of the same study region. Results: In term of associations with late-stage cancer risk, the regression analysis showed that the use of rural-urban codes as continuous variables produces consistent outcomes with those from the truly continuous rurality for all types of cancer. Particularly, the rural-urban codes at the census tract level yield the closest estimation and are recommended to use when the continuous rurality data is not available. Conclusions: Methodologically, it is valid to treat rural-urban codes directly as continuous variables in cancer studies, in addition to converting them into categories. This proposed continuous-variable method offers researchers more flexibility in their choice of analytic methods and preserves the information in the ordering. It can better inform how cancer risk varies, degree by degree, over a finer spectrum of rural-urban landscape.

The Correlation Analysis of Discrete Variables and Continuous Variables Based on Mutual Information

2011 ◽  
Vol 121-126 ◽  
pp. 4203-4207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Huo ◽  
Chuan Lv ◽  
Si Miao Fei ◽  
Dong Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Mutual Information ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Discrete Variables ◽  
Fire Control ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Information Method ◽  
Monitor Data

As most Mutual Information method is limited to the correlation analysis between discrete variables in majority and tendency of choosing the characteristic variables with multi-values so far, in this paper we propose a new approach based on Mutual Information to measure the correlation of discrete variables and continuous variables. Then we take the fire control system of aircraft for example to calculate the correlation between fault types and monitor data indexes, and finally find the fault symptom classes.

Optimal design of the stacking sequences of a corrugated central cylinder in a satellite

2016 ◽  
Vol 233 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haichao An ◽  
Shenyan Chen ◽  
Yanjie Liu ◽  
Hai Huang
Keyword(s):  
Approximation Method ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Central Cylinder ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Discrete Variables ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Practical Engineering ◽  
Structural Mass ◽  
The Given

This Case Study is to describe an application of a two-level approximation method in optimally determining the stacking sequences of a practical corrugated central cylinder. Being housed in the center of a practical satellite, this cylinder can support many of the structural components and functional devices in the satellite. For the purpose of reducing its mass meanwhile maintaining good mechanical properties, the stacking sequences of this cylinder are to be optimally designed under given constraints in this paper. To address this problem, an optimization model was first established by minimizing the structural mass based on initial lay-ups. With the given lay-ups for multi-parts of this cylinder, the existence of each ply was to be determined in terms of discrete variables. Meanwhile, the ply thicknesses were also treated as continuous variables. The two-level approximation method combined with a genetic algorithm previously proposed by the authors was adopted as the optimization method. According to the practical engineering considerations, multiple optimizations were conducted by starting from different initial lay-ups to search more possible optimization designs. After optimization, it was found that compared with the empirical designs, the mass of the main cylinder could be significantly decreased by obtaining some reasonable stacking sequences.

Implementation of continuous variable quantum cryptography in optical fibres using a go-&-return configuration

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (4&5) ◽  
pp. 326-335
Author(s):  
M. Legré ◽  
H. Zbinden ◽  
N. Gisin
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Cryptography ◽  
Quantum Key Distribution ◽  
Key Distribution ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Optical Fibres ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Phase Fluctuations ◽  
Degree Of Stability ◽  
Set Up ◽  
High Degree

We demonstrate an implementation of quantum key distribution with continuous variables based on a go-&-return configuration over distances up to 14km. This configuration leads to self-compensation of polarisation and phase fluctuations. We observe a high degree of stability of our set-up over many hours.

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