scholarly journals Process Dimension of Classical and Non-Commutative Processes

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (01) ◽  
pp. 1250007
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Löhr ◽  
Arleta Szkoła ◽  
Nihat Ay
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Process ◽  
Ergodic Decomposition ◽  
Statistical Complexity ◽  
Lower Semi ◽  
Decomposition Formula ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Natural Characteristic ◽  
Causal States ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Process Dimension

We treat observable operator models (OOM) and their non-commutative generalisation, which we call NC-OOMs. A natural characteristic of a stochastic process in the context of classical OOM theory is the process dimension. We investigate its properties within the more general formulation, which allows one to consider process dimension as a measure of complexity of non-commutative processes: We prove lower semi-continuity, and derive an ergodic decomposition formula. Further, we obtain results on the close relationship between the canonical OOM and the concept of causal states which underlies the definition of statistical complexity. In particular, the topological statistical complexity, i.e. the logarithm of the number of causal states, turns out to be an upper bound to the logarithm of process dimension.

scholarly journals Intrinsic Computation of a Monod-Wyman-Changeux Molecule

Entropy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 599
Author(s):  
Sarah Marzen
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Process ◽  
Transfer Function ◽  
Mutual Information ◽  
Causal Structure ◽  
Excess Entropy ◽  
Sufficient Statistics ◽  
Statistical Complexity ◽  
Kinetic Rates ◽  
Causal States ◽  
The Relationship

Causal states are minimal sufficient statistics of prediction of a stochastic process, their coding cost is called statistical complexity, and the implied causal structure yields a sense ofthe process’ “intrinsic computation”. We discuss how statistical complexity changes with slight changes to the underlying model– in this case, a biologically-motivated dynamical model, that of aMonod-Wyman-Changeux molecule. Perturbations to kinetic rates cause statistical complexity to jump from finite to infinite. The same is not true for excess entropy, the mutual information between past and future, or for the molecule’s transfer function. We discuss the implications of this for the relationship between intrinsic and functional computation of biological sensory systems.

La partecipazione socio-politica e il consumo responsabile: tra dimensione collettiva e senso di efficacia

2009 ◽  
pp. 67-94
Author(s):  
Federica Volpi
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Political Participation ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Political Efficacy ◽  
Cultural Consumption ◽  
Political Consumerism ◽  
Responsible Consumption ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Degree

- Participation has been studied from different points of view. One of the possible ways to address the topic is to interrelate it with cultural consumption, con- sidering the relevance of both terms with regard to social cohesion and integration. The essay is designed to evaluate the interaction between participation and cultural consumption, leading to a definition of some citizens' groups with homogeneous features compared to both variables. Moreover, the essay aims to examine the groups' behaviour, compared with a phenomenon related to both cultural consumption and socio-political participation: responsible consumption. The groups' behaviour relative to this variable helps the understanding of some social dynamics and, above all, highlights the close relationship between a particular group (the actives) and alternative consumption behaviours. A thorough analysis of the relationship between a high degree of cultural consumption and a high degree of political participation underlines that responsible consumption is a collective action and, at the same time, finalised to and endowed with political efficacy.Keywords: Political Consumerism, Participation, Cultural Consumption, Collective Action, Political Efficacy.

FORMATION OF A MECHANISM FOR THE STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE PROCESSES AT ROAD TRANSPORT ENTERPRISES

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Shatilo ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
Strategy Of Development ◽  
Motor Transport ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Consumer Values ◽  
Definition Of

The purpose of this article is to define the interpretation of the concept of "mechanism" and its elements, which are interconnected and in interaction contribute to the development of the object. At the same time in modern science it is possible to allocate various directions to consideration of the mechanism. Three directions of the mechanism are analyzed: the first direction considers the mechanism as a control tool that affects the development of the object; the second direction considers the interaction of the subjects and is based on the principles and sequence of certain actions between them; the third approach defines the economic mechanism as a sequence of interconnected economic phenomena. It is determined that enterprises in the process of their activities use a combination of different mechanisms and directions, taking into account their complexity. The author's structuring and definition of its components are offered on the basis of the carried-out researches with allocation of two key contours: 1) a contour of innovative activity taking into account imperatives of strategy of development of the enterprise; 2) the core of the mechanism of development of innovation processes, which forms their close relationship with the contour of innovation, taking into account the imperatives of the development strategy of the enterprise and the variability of consumer values. It is determined that the main purpose of forming the mechanism of strategic development innovative processes of motor transport enterprises is to ensure the efficient use of all resources, tools and systems of interaction between departments, where the main elements of the mechanism of strategic development of innovative processes of motor transport enterprises can be considered methods and tools for implementing their innovative development program. The principles of effective functioning of the mechanism are formulated strategic development of innovative processes of motor transport enterprises. The structural and logical construction of strategic development of innovative processes of motor transport enterprises is offered taking into account the formulated principles and functions of management.

Security of Dependable Systems

2012 ◽  
pp. 230-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naveed Ahmed ◽  
Christian Damsgaard Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Process ◽  
Open Problem ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Traditional View ◽  
Clear Definition ◽  
Security Attacks ◽  
Dependable Systems ◽  
Broad Concept ◽  
Common Framework ◽  
Definition Of

Security and dependability are crucial for designing trustworthy systems. The approach “security as an add-on” is not satisfactory, yet the integration of security in the development process is still an open problem. Especially, a common framework for specifying dependability and security is very much needed. There are many pressing challenges however; here, we address some of them. Firstly, security for dependable systems is a broad concept and traditional view of security, e.g., in terms of confidentiality, integrity and availability, does not suffice. Secondly, a clear definition of security in the dependability context is not agreed upon. Thirdly, security attacks cannot be modeled as a stochastic process, because the adversary’s strategy is often carefully planned. In this chapter, we explore these challenges and provide some directions toward their solutions.

Semantic Web and Digital Libraries

2011 ◽  
pp. 271-285
Author(s):  
Giorgio Poletti
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Data Warehouse ◽  
Digital Library ◽  
Digital Libraries ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Specialized Software ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Access To Documents ◽  
The Web

An analysis of the reality surrounding us clearly reveals the great amount of information, available in different forms and through different media. Volumes of information available in real time and via the Web are concepts perceived as closely related. This perception is supported by the remark that the objective of the Web was the definition and construction of a universal archive, a virtual site in which the access to documents was possible with no limits of time or space. In this digital library, documents have to be equipped with logical connections making possible for each user the definition of a reading map that expands according to the demand for knowledge gradually built up. This perspective is pointing now in the direction of the Semantic Web, a network satisfying our requests while understanding them, not by some magic telepathic communication between browser and navigator, but rather a data warehouse in which documents are matched to meta-data,1 letting specialized software to distinguish fields, importance, and correlation between documents. Semantic Web and library terms have an ever increasing close relationship, fundamental for the progress and the didactic efficiency in knowledge society.

scholarly journals Defeasibility, Law, and Argumentation: A Critical View from an Interpretative Standpoint

Argumentation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Poggi
Keyword(s):  
Explanatory Power ◽  
The Other ◽  
Legal Argumentation ◽  
Legal Interpretation ◽  
Central Theme ◽  
Critical View ◽  
Legal Literature ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractThe phenomenon of defeasibility has long been a central theme in legal literature. This essay aims to shed new light on that phenomenon by clarifying some fundamental conceptual issues. First, the most widespread definition of legal defeasibility is examined and criticized. The essay shows that such a definition is poorly constructed, inaccurate and generates many problems. Indeed, the definition hides the close relationship between legal defeasibility and legal interpretation. Second, this essay argues that no new definition is needed. I will show that from an interpretative standpoint, there is nothing special about legal defeasibility. Contrary to what some authors maintain, no unique or privileged source of legal defeasibility exists, nor are there privileged arguments to justify it. Specifically, legal defeasibility refers to interpretative outcomes deriving from interpretative arguments that, on the one hand, are very different from one another, and, on the other, are often employed to justify different interpretative outcomes. In the legal field, the problems related to defeasibility have little in common with the problems that this label covers in other areas—such as logic or epistemology—and they are nothing but the well-known problems related to legal interpretation. In conclusion, this paper argues that as far as legal argumentation is concerned, the notion of legal defeasibility lacks explanatory power, and it should be abandoned.

The definition of a multi-dimensional generalization of shot noise

1971 ◽  
Vol 8 (01) ◽  
pp. 128-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Daley
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Process ◽  
Probability Distribution ◽  
Absolute Convergence ◽  
List Type ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Homogeneous Poisson Process ◽  
Cauchy Principal ◽  
Principal Value ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Image Position

The paper studies the formally defined stochastic process where {tj } is a homogeneous Poisson process in Euclidean n-space En and the a.e. finite Em -valued function f(·) satisfies |f(t)| = g(t) (all |t | = t), g(t) ↓ 0 for all sufficiently large t → ∞, and with either m = 1, or m = n and f(t)/g(t) =t/t. The convergence of the sum at (*) is shown to depend on (i) (ii) (iii) . Specifically, finiteness of (i) for sufficiently large X implies absolute convergence of (*) almost surely (a.s.); finiteness of (ii) and (iii) implies a.s. convergence of the Cauchy principal value of (*) with the limit of this principal value having a probability distribution independent of t when the limit in (iii) is zero; the finiteness of (ii) alone suffices for the existence of this limiting principal value at t = 0.

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