Chapter 24 Carboniferous–Neogene tectonic evolution of the Fennoscandian transition zone, southern Sweden

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 603-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikael Erlström
Keyword(s):  
Transition Zone ◽  
Tectonic Evolution ◽  
Early Permian ◽  
Southern Sweden ◽  
Shallow Marine ◽  
The North ◽  
Tectonic Events ◽  
Southwestern Margin ◽  
Depositional Setting ◽  
Block Faulting

AbstractThe Fennoscandian transition zone, including the Sorgenfrei–Tornquist Zone, constitutes the weakened and faulted bedrock between a craton, including the ancient continent Baltica to the north, and the boundary between Baltica and Avalonia along the Trans-European Fault Zone to the south. Early Permian subsidence in this transition zone resulted in the development of various basins and the initiation of a more or less continuous Permian–Paleogene depositional cycle. In southwestern Sweden, magmatic activity associated with transtensional deformation along the Sorgenfrei–Tornquist Zone prevailed during the Late Carboniferous–Permian. However, the transition zone is dominated by a Mesozoic sedimentary rock succession displaying both hiatuses and great lateral variability in composition and thickness, which can be related to several tectonic events including the progressive break-up of Pangaea. Much of the deposition took place in continental, coastal and shallow-marine settings. Early–Middle Jurassic block faulting and basanitic or melanephelinitic volcanism, as well as Late Cretaceous tectonic inversion along the Sorgenfrei–Tornquist Zone, related to a changeover to a predominantly compressive tectonic regime coeval with the Alpine orogeny, significantly influenced the depositional setting. Subsequent Paleogene–Neogene regional uplift of the southwestern margin of Baltica resulted in significant erosion of the bedrock.

A late Cisuralian (early Permian) brachiopod fauna from the Taungnyo Group in the Zwekabin Range, eastern Myanmar and its biostratigraphic, paleobiogeographic, and tectonic implications

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Hai-peng Xu ◽  
Kyi Pyar Aung ◽  
Yi-chun Zhang ◽  
G.R. Shi ◽  
Fu-long Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tectonic Evolution ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Early Permian ◽  
The North ◽  
Southern Thailand ◽  
Brachiopod Fauna ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Different Parts

Abstract The tectonic evolution of the Sibumasu Block during the Permian remains controversial, and Permian faunas and their paleobiogeographic affinities provide some insight into its paleogeographic and tectonic evolutionary histories. In this paper, a new brachiopod fauna dominated by Spinomartinia prolifica Waterhouse, 1981 is described from the uppermost part of the Taungnyo Group in the Zwekabin Range, eastern Myanmar. This brachiopod fauna includes 23 species and its age is well constrained as late Kungurian by the associated conodonts, i.e., Vjalovognathus nicolli Yuan et al., 2016 and Mesogondolella idahoensis (Youngquist, Hawley, and Miller, 1951), contrary to the late Sakmarian age given to the same brachiopod faunas previously reported from southern Thailand and Malaysia. Based on comprehensive comparisons of the Cisuralian brachiopod faunas and other data in different parts of the Sibumasu Block, we consider that they are better subdivided into two independent stratigraphic assemblages, i.e., the lower (earlier) Bandoproductus monticulus-Spirelytha petaliformis Assemblage of a Sakmarian to probably early Artinskian age, and the upper (younger) Spinomartinia prolifica-Retimarginifera alata Assemblage of a late Kungurian age. The former assemblage is a typical cold-water fauna, mainly composed of Gondwanan-type genera, e.g., Bandoproductus Jin and Sun, 1981, Spirelytha Fredericks, 1924, and Sulciplica Waterhouse, 1968. The latter assemblage is strongly characterized by an admixture of both Cathaysian and Gondwanan elements, as well as some genera restricted to the Cimmerian continents. Notably, the spatial distribution pattern of these two separate brachiopod assemblages varies distinctly. The Sakmarian cold-water brachiopod faunas have been found in association with glacial-marine diamictites throughout the Sibumasu Block including both the Irrawaddy and Sibuma blocks. In contrast, the Kungurian biogeographically mixed brachiopod faunas are only recorded in the Irrawaddy Block, unlike the Sibuma Block that contains a contemporaneous paleotropical Tethyan fusuline fauna. Thus, it appears likely that by the end of Cisuralian (early Permian), the Sibumasu Block comprised the Irrawaddy Block in the south with cool climatic conditions, and the Sibuma Block in the north with a temperate to warm-water environment, separated by the incipient Thai-Myanmar Mesotethys.

scholarly journals Late Carboniferous to early Permian sedimentary–tectonic evolution of the north of Alxa, Inner Mongolia, China: Evidence from the Amushan Formation

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 733-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiquan Yin ◽  
Hongrui Zhou ◽  
Weijie Zhang ◽  
Xiaoming Zheng ◽  
Shengyu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Tectonic Evolution ◽  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Late Carboniferous ◽  
Early Permian ◽  
The North

Detrital zircon U-Pb and Hf isotopes study of the Longshoushan Belt in the southwestern margin of the Alxa Block: Constraints on the tectonic evolution and affinity of the Alxa Block

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingna Liu ◽  
Changqing Yin ◽  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Jiahui Qian ◽  
Kaiyuan Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North China Craton ◽  
Tectonic Evolution ◽  
North China ◽  
Sedimentary Rocks ◽  
Foreland Basin ◽  
Hexi Corridor ◽  
Detrital Zircons ◽  
The North ◽  
Southwestern Margin ◽  
North Qilian

<p>     The tectonic evolution and affinity of the Alxa Block has long been controversial. The NW-SE trending Longshoushan Belt is in the southwestern margin of the Alxa Block, separated the Qilian Block. In this study, we present zircon U-Pb and Hf-isotope data of the middle and eastern Longshoushan, which could constrain the provenance and formation age of the Longshoushan Belt, and further constrain the tectonic evolution and affinity of the Alxa Block. The U-Pb ages of the detrital zircons from the amphibolite-facies metamorphosed volcanic-sedimentary rocks of the middle Longshoushan range from 3006 to 1981 Ma (peak at 2010 Ma), which were consistent with the Alxa Block and the western North China Craton, indicating that the middle Longshoushan was deposited in the Palaeoproterozoic, not in the Archean, and had tectonic affinity with the Alxa Block and the western North China Carton. Combined with the identical crustal growth events at 2.4-2.5 Ga of the middle Longshoushan, the Alxa Block and the western North China Craton, the Alxa Block was an integrated part of the Western Block of the North China Craton. The U-Pb ages of the detrital zircons from the greenschist-facies metamorphosed volcanic-sedimentary rocks of the eastern Longshoushan range from 3389 to 529 Ma (peak at 2.5 Ga and 1.0 Ga), which were highly consistent with Hexi Corridor, indicating that the eastern Longshoushan was deposited in the Cambrian, and had an affinity with the Hexi Corridor. In the Early Palaeozoic, the North Qilian Ocean subducted the Alxa Block and formed a typical trench-arc-basin system. With the closure of the North Qilian Ocean, the Central Qilian Block collided with the Alxa Block, formed the eastern Longshoushan, which was a foreland basin in the Hexi Corridor.</p>

scholarly journals Geochemistry and Zircon U-Pb-Hf Isotopes of Metamorphic Rocks from the Kaiyuan and Hulan Tectonic Mélanges, NE China: Implications for the Tectonic Evolution of the Paleo-Asian and Mudanjiang Oceans

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 836
Author(s):  
Zuozhen Han ◽  
Jingjing Li ◽  
Zhigang Song ◽  
Guyao Liu ◽  
Wenjian Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tectonic Evolution ◽  
Middle Triassic ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Metamorphic Rocks ◽  
Late Permian ◽  
Early Permian ◽  
Ne China ◽  
The North ◽  
Tectonic Mélange ◽  
Final Closure

The Late Paleozoic–Early Mesozoic tectonic evolution of the Changchun-Yanji suture (CYS) was mainly associated with the Paleo-Asian and Mudanjiang tectonic regimes. However, the spatial and temporal overprinting and variations of these two regimes remains are still dispute. In order to evaluate this issue, in this contribution, we present new zircon U-Pb ages and a whole-rock geochemical and zircon Hf isotopic dataset on a suite of metamorphic rocks, including gneisses, actinolite schist, leptynites, and biotite schists, from tectonic mélanges in northern Liaoning and central Jilin provinces, NE China. Based on zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating results, protoliths show wide ranges of aging spectrum, including Paleoproterozoic (2441 Ma), Early Permian (281 Ma), Late Permian (254 Ma), and Late Triassic (230 Ma). The Permian protoliths of leptynites from the Hulan Tectonic Mélange (HLTM) and gneisses from the Kaiyuan Tectonic Mélange (KYTM) exhibit arc-related geochemical signatures, implying that the Paleo-Asian Ocean (PAO) did not close prior to the Late Permian. The Late Triassic protoliths of gneisses from the KYTM, in combination with previously reported coeval igneous rocks along the CYS, comprises a typical bimodal igneous suite in an E–W-trending belt, suggesting a post-orogenic extensional environment. Consequently, we infer that the final closure of the PAO took place during the Early–Middle Triassic. The Early Permian protoliths of biotite schists from the HLTM are alkali basaltic rocks and contain multiple older inherited zircons, which, in conjunction with the geochemical features of the rocks, indicate that they were generated in a continental rift related to the initial opening of the Mudanjiang Ocean (MO). Data from this contribution and previous studies lead us to conclude that the MO probably opened during the Middle Triassic, due to the north–south trending compression caused by the final closure of the PAO.

Upper Paleozoic stratigraphy and detrital zircon geochronology along the northwest margin of the Sverdrup Basin, Arctic Canada: insight into the paleogeographic and tectonic evolution of Crockerland

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Bradley J. Galloway ◽  
Keith Dewing ◽  
Benoit Beauchamp ◽  
William Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Detrital Zircon ◽  
Tectonic Evolution ◽  
Fault Reactivation ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Early Permian ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Material Recycling ◽  
The North ◽  
Upper Paleozoic ◽  
Sverdrup Basin

The upper Paleozoic succession along the northwest margin of the Canadian Arctic Sverdrup Basin is little studied and poorly understood yet has the potential to yield insights into the paleogeographic and tectonic evolution of the Arctic regions including Crockerland. Carboniferous and Permian drill cuttings were collected from five exploration wells on Brock, Mackenzie King, and Ellef Ringnes islands. Seven unconformity-bounded sequences were identified and correlated. Reflection seismic interpreted on Ellef Ringnes Island indicates that a major syn-sedimentary fault offsets the Mississippian succession bounding a down-to-the-north half-graben. Late Pennsylvanian (Gzhelian) fault reactivation, associated with the Melvillian Disturbance, created a depression that extended northward and was bordered to the south by a structural high. Episodic minor fault reactivation occurred until the Early–Middle Permian boundary. During the latest Early Permian (Kungurian), sand derived from Crockerland prograded southward onto the Sverdrup Basin’s northwest margin and continued into the Roadian. After a lull during the Wordian, clastic progradation resumed in the Capitanian. Detrital zircon U–Pb ages recovered from Kungurian and Roadian samples on Brock and Ellef Ringnes islands display Devonian Clastic Wedge (DCW) signatures. A Moscovian–Artinskian carbonate blanket likely covered Crockerland and sheltered DCW material from erosion, implying it was a subsiding, carbonate bank throughout most of the Pennsylvanian – Early Permian. Base level fall in the Kungurian, associated with a transition to a more humid climate, breached these carbonate rocks to allow erosion and transportation of DCW material. Recycling of the DCW started earlier (Artinskian) and peaked later (Wordian) along the southern margin of the basin.

scholarly journals Triassic and Jurassic transtension along part of the Sorgenfrei–Tornquist Zone in the Danish Kattegat

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 437-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommy Egebjerg Mogensen ◽  
John A. Korstgård
Keyword(s):  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Strike Slip ◽  
Early Permian ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Tectonic Events ◽  
Weakness Zone ◽  
Surrounding Areas

In the Kattegat area, Denmark, the Sorgenfrei–Tornquist Zone, an old crustal weakness zone, was repeatedly reactivated during Triassic, Jurassic and Early Cretaceous times with dextral transtensional movements along the major boundary faults. These tectonic events were minor compared to the tectonic events of the Late Carboniferous – Early Permian and the Late Cretaceous – Early Tertiary, although a dynamic structural and stratigraphic analysis indicates that the Sorgenfrei–Tornquist Zone was active compared to the surrounding areas. At the end of the Palaeozoic, the area was a peneplain. Regional Triassic subsidence caused onlap towards the north-east, where the youngest Triassic sediments overlie Precambrian crystalline basement. During the Early Triassic, several of the major Early Permian faults were reactivated, probably with dextral strike-slip along the Børglum Fault. Jurassic – Early Cretaceous subsidence was restricted primarily to the area between the two main faults in the Sorgenfrei–Tornquist Zone, the Grenå–Helsingborg Fault and the Børglum Fault. This restriction of basin development indicates a change in the regional stress field at the Triassic–Jurassic transition. Middle Jurassic and Late Jurassic – Early Cretaceous subsidence followed the Early Jurassic pattern with local subsidence in the Sorgenfrei–Tornquist Zone, but now even more restricted to within the zone. The subsidence showed a decrease in the Middle Jurassic, and increased again during Late Jurassic – Early Cretaceous times. Small faults were generated internally in the Sorgenfrei–Tornquist Zone during the Mesozoic with a pattern that indicates a broad transfer of strike-slip/oblique-slip motion from the Grenå–Helsingborg Fault to the Børglum Fault.

Late Neoproterozoic – early Paleozoic basin evolution in the Coal Creek inlier of Yukon, Canada: implications for the tectonic evolution of northwestern Laurentia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
James F. Busch ◽  
Alan D. Rooney ◽  
Edward E. Meyer ◽  
Caleb F. Town ◽  
David P. Moynihan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tectonic Evolution ◽  
Early Paleozoic ◽  
Middle Cambrian ◽  
North American Cordillera ◽  
The North ◽  
Carbon Isotope Excursion ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Neoproterozoic ◽  
Active Tectonism ◽  
Depositional Setting

The age and nature of the Neoproterozoic – early Paleozoic rift–drift transition has been interpreted differently along the length of the North American Cordillera. The Ediacaran “upper” group (herein elevated to the Rackla Group) of the Coal Creek inlier, Yukon, Canada, represents a key succession to reconstruct the sedimentation history of northwestern Laurentia across the Precambrian–Cambrian boundary and elucidate the timing of active tectonism during the protracted breakup of the supercontinent Rodinia. These previously undifferentiated late Neoproterozoic – early Paleozoic map units in the Coal Creek inlier are herein formally defined as the Lone, Cliff Creek, Mount Ina, Last Chance, Shade, and Shell Creek formations. New sedimentological and stratigraphic data from these units is used to reconstruct the depositional setting. In the Last Chance Formation, chemostratigraphic observations indicate a ca. 5‰ δ13Ccarb gradient coincident with the globally recognized ca. 574–567 Ma Shuram carbon isotope excursion. Map and stratigraphic relationships in the overlying Shell Creek Formation provide evidence for latest Ediacaran – middle Cambrian tilting and rift-related sedimentation. This provides evidence for active extension through the Cambrian Miaolingian Series in northwestern Canada, supporting arguments for a multiphase and protracted breakup of Rodinia.

scholarly journals Stratigraphic and Structural Framework of Upper Middle Ordovician Rocks in the Head Lake-Burleigh Falls Area of South-Central Ontario

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce V. Sanford
Keyword(s):  
Structural Deformation ◽  
Early Cambrian ◽  
Middle Ordovician ◽  
North American Continent ◽  
The North ◽  
Tectonic Events ◽  
Structural Framework ◽  
South Central ◽  
Field Investigations ◽  
Block Faulting

ABSTRACT Field investigations in the Head Lake-Burleigh Falls area of south-central Ontario, that focused mainly on the Covey Hill(?), Shadow Lake, Gull River and Coboconk formations along the Paleozoic escarpment, provided clear evidence of faulting. Observed and inferred structural deformation, coupled with faciès changes within the Shadow Lake and lower Gull River, point to a succession of basement movements during the Phanerozoic. These range from Hadrynian-Early Cambrian, through Middle Ordovician to post-late Middle Ordovician times. Some of the earlier movements (Hadrynian-Early Cambrian to late Middle Ordovician) appear to be coincident with, and probably related to, plate tectonic events and the associated Taconian orogeny that were in progress along the southeastern margins of the North American continent. Post-Middle Ordovician block faulting, on the other hand, may have been triggered by any number of epeirogenic events related to late stage Taconian, Acadian or Alleghanian orogenies in Late Ordovician to Carboniferous times, or possibly to rifting associated with continental break-up and initiation of seafloor spreading processes in the early Mesozoic. Manuscrit révisé accepté le 5 août 1993

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