The nature of small to medium earthquakes along the Eastern Mediterranean passive continental margins, and their possible relationships to landslides and submarine salt-tectonic-related shallow faults

2018 ◽  
Vol 477 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oded Katz ◽  
Yariv Hamiel
Keyword(s):  
Continental Slope ◽  
Slope Failure ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Focal Depth ◽  
Seismic Source ◽  
Continental Margins ◽  
Submarine Landslides ◽  
Seismic Origin ◽  
First Time

AbstractWe analysed here, for the first time, 278 small to medium earthquakes that have occurred since 1985 along a 200 km section of the Levant passive continental margins, offshore Israel. The earthquakes are spatially overlapping with numerous submarine landslides and thin-skinned salt-tectonic-related faults scarps, bisecting the continental slope. Thus, we focus on the genetic relationship between the earthquakes, the faults and the landslides.We found that a subgroup of 55 earthquakes is spatially overlapping with the marine extension of the Carmel Fault and thus might be of tectonic origin. A second subgroup, hosting approximately 130 earthquakes, is spatially overlapping with the longshore salt-tectonic-related submarine faults. However, due to the non-shallow focal depth of most of these earthquakes, salt tectonics was ruled out as their possible seismic origin. Thus, the seismic source for theanalysed earthquakes is yet to be revealed.We further found that the observed medium earthquakes (M > 4) have a calculated reoccurrence time of more than 10 years and they are capable of inducing submarine slope failure within the studied area. Hence, they might play a role in submarine mass-wasting processes along the studied continental slope, and must now be considered in future hazard analysis.

Slope failure and mass transport processes along the Queen Charlotte Fault Zone, western British Columbia

2018 ◽  
Vol 477 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Gary Greene ◽  
J. Vaughn Barrie ◽  
Daniel S. Brothers ◽  
James E. Conrad ◽  
Kim Conway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Continental Slope ◽  
Fault Zone ◽  
Slope Failure ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
North American Plate ◽  
Submarine Landslides ◽  
Mass Wasting ◽  
The North ◽  
Transform Margin ◽  
Seismic Reflection Profiles

AbstractMultibeam echosounder (MBES) images, 3.5 kHz seismic-reflection profiles and piston cores obtained along the southern Queen Charlotte Fault Zone are used to map and date mass-wasting events at this transform margin – a seismically active boundary that separates the Pacific Plate from the North American Plate. Whereas the upper continental slope adjacent to and east (upslope) of the fault zone offshore of the Haida Gwaii is heavily gullied, few large-sized submarine landslides in this area are observed in the MBES images. However, smaller submarine seafloor slides exist locally in areas where fluid flow appears to be occurring and large seafloor slides have recently been detected at the base of the steep continental slope just above its contact with the abyssal plain on the Queen Charlotte Terrace. In addition, along the subtle slope re-entrant area offshore of the Dixon Entrance shelf bathymetric data suggest that extensive mass wasting has occurred in the vicinity of an active mud volcano venting gas. We surmise that the relative lack of submarine slides along the upper slope in close proximity to the Queen Charlotte Fault Zone may be the result of seismic strengthening (compaction and cohesion) of a sediment-starved shelf and slope through multiple seismic events.

scholarly journals Slope failure repetition in active margin environments: Constraints from submarine landslides in the Hellenic fore arc, eastern Mediterranean

2010 ◽  
Vol 115 (B8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Strozyk ◽  
Michael Strasser ◽  
Annika Förster ◽  
Achim Kopf ◽  
Katrin Huhn
Keyword(s):  
Slope Failure ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Submarine Landslides ◽  
Active Margin

Submarine landslides and fault scarps along the eastern Mediterranean Israeli continental-slope

2015 ◽  
Vol 369 ◽  
pp. 100-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oded Katz ◽  
Einav Reuven ◽  
Einat Aharonov
Keyword(s):  
Continental Slope ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Submarine Landslides ◽  
Fault Scarps

Tectonic and geomorphic controls on the distribution of submarine landslides across active and passive margins, eastern New Zealand

2019 ◽  
Vol 500 (1) ◽  
pp. 477-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Watson ◽  
J. J. Mountjoy ◽  
G. J. Crutchley
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Slope Failure ◽  
Submarine Landslide ◽  
Passive Margin ◽  
Continental Margins ◽  
Submarine Landslides ◽  
Mass Wasting ◽  
Active Margin ◽  
Passive Margins ◽  
Marine Habitats

AbstractSubmarine landslides occur on continental margins globally and can have devastating consequences for marine habitats, offshore infrastructure and coastal communities due to potential tsunamigenesis. Therefore, understanding landslide magnitude and distribution is central to marine and coastal hazard planning.We present the first submarine landslide database for the eastern margin of New Zealand comprising >2200 landslides occurring in water depths from c. 300–4000 m. Landslides are more prevalent and, on average, larger on the active margin compared with the passive margin. We attribute higher concentrations of landslides on the active margin to tectonic processes including uplift and oversteepening, faulting and seamount subduction. Submarine landslide scars are concentrated around canyon systems and close to canyon thalwegs. This suggests that not only does mass wasting play a major role in canyon evolution, but also that canyon-forming processes may provide preconditioning factors for slope failure.Results of this study offer unique insights into the spatial distribution, magnitude and morphology of submarine landslides across different geological settings, providing a better understanding of the causative factors for mass wasting in New Zealand and around the world.

scholarly journals Marine Gas Hydrate Geohazard Assessment on the European Continental Margins. The Impact of Critical Knowledge Gaps

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2865
Author(s):  
Ricardo León ◽  
Miguel Llorente ◽  
Carmen Julia Giménez-Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Barents Sea ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Continental Margins ◽  
Submarine Landslides ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Critical Knowledge ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Geohazard Assessment

This paper presents a geohazard assessment along the European continental margins and adjacent areas. This assessment is understood in the framework of the seafloor’s susceptibility to (i.e., likelihood of) being affected by the presence of hydrate deposits and the subsequent hazardous dissociation processes (liquefaction, explosion, collapse, crater-like depressions or submarine landslides). Geological and geophysical evidence and indicators of marine gas hydrates in the theoretical gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ) were taken into account as the main factors controlling the susceptibility calculation. Svalbald, the Barents Sea, the mid-Norwegian margin-northwest British Islands, the Gulf of Cádiz, the eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea have the highest susceptibility. Seafloor areas outside the theoretical GHSZ were excluded from this geohazard assessment. The uncertainty analysis of the susceptibility inference shows extensive seafloor areas with no data and a very low density of data that are defined as critical knowledge gaps.

scholarly journals Sicily Before the Greeks. The Interaction with Aegean and the Levant in the Pre-colonial Era

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 172-205
Author(s):  
Davide Tanasi
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Complex Dynamics ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Local Material ◽  
Gradual Process ◽  
Multiple Variables ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe relationship between Sicily and the eastern Mediterranean – namely Aegean, Cyprus and the Levant – represents one of the most intriguing facets of the prehistory of the island. The frequent and periodical contact with foreign cultures were a trigger for a gradual process of socio-political evolution of the indigenous community. Such relationship, already in inception during the Neolithic and the Copper Age, grew into a cultural phenomenon ruled by complex dynamics and multiple variables that ranged from the Mid-3rd to the end of the 2nd millennium BCE. In over 1,500 years, a very large quantity of Aegean and Levantine type materials have been identified in Sicily alongside with example of unusual local material culture traditionally interpreted as resulting from external influence. To summarize all the evidence during such long period and critically address it in order to attempt historical reconstructions is a Herculean labor.Twenty years after Sebastiano Tusa embraced this challenge for the first time, this paper takes stock on two decades of new discoveries and research reassessing a vast amount of literature, mostly published in Italian and in regional journals, while also address the outcomes of new archaeometric studies. The in-depth survey offers a new perspective of general trends in this East-West relationship which conditioned the subsequent events of the Greek and Phoenician colonization of Sicily.

scholarly journals EQUINOIDEOS (ECHINODERMATA: ECHINOIDEA) COLECTADOS EN LA FRANJA SUPERIOR DEL TALUD CONTINENTAL DEL CARIBE COLOMBIANO

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giomar Helena Borrero Pérez ◽  
Milena Benavides Serrato ◽  
Óscar D. Solano ◽  
Gabriel R. Navas
Keyword(s):  
Continental Slope ◽  
Identification Keys ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
First Time

Between 1998 and 1999 the expedition INVEMAR-MACROFAUNA 1 investigated the upper continental slope of the Caribbean off Colombia at depths ranging from 200 to 500 m. The collection of echinoids comprised 714 individuals belonging to 7 orders, 10 families, 14 genera and 15 species. Stylocidaris lineata, Trigonocidaris albida, Echinocyamus grandiporus, Palaeobrissus hilgardi and Archaeopneustes hystrix are recorded for the first time in the Colombian Caribbean. Descriptions and identification keys are provided.

scholarly journals First record of the blackfish Centrolophus Niger (Teleostei: Centrolophidae) from the Lebanese waters in the eastern Mediterranean sea

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-243
Author(s):  
Ali badreddine ◽  
◽  
Ghazi Bitar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Present Note ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
First Record ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Young Specimen ◽  
First Time

A young specimen of the blackfish, Centrolophus niger (Gmelin, 1789) was reported for the first time from the Lebanese waters. It was caught and photographed by a professional fisherman in Beirut, on 15th November 2014. The present note reports details about this first record.

scholarly journals Algae and Cyanobacteria Diversity and Bioindication of Long-Term Changes in the Hula Nature Reserve, Israel

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 583
Author(s):  
Sophia Barinova ◽  
Alla Alster
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Ecological Groups ◽  
International Importance ◽  
First Time ◽  
Lake Hula

Lake Hula, the core of one of the most extensive wetland complexes in the Eastern Mediterranean, was drained in 1951–1958. However, about 350 hectares of papyrus marshes were allocated in the southwestern part of the previous lake and became the Hula Nature Reserve status, the first of two wetlands in Israel included in the Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance. The list of algae and cyanobacteria species of Lake Hula was compiled by us for the first time based on data from publications of 1938–1958, as well as our research in the Hula Nature Reserve, obtained within the framework of the monitoring program for 2007–2013. The list includes 225 species and intraspecies of algae and cyanobacteria belonging to eight phyla. The dynamics of the species richness of algae and cyanobacteria flora for 1938–2013 are shown. Species-bioindicators of water quality have been identified, and the change in their composition by ecological groups for a period of about a hundred years has been shown. Based on the species richness of algae communities, water quality indices were calculated with particular attention to changes in trophic status during the study period. The algae flora of Lake Hula and Hula Nature Reserve was found to be similar, but bioindication has revealed an increase in salinity and organic pollution in recent years.

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