scholarly journals The impact of sample volume in random search on the bbob test suite

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimo Brockhoff ◽  
Nikolaus Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Random Search ◽  
Sample Volume ◽  
Test Suite ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Methodology of Specialist Physicians Training: From Traditional to e-Learning

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (20) ◽  
pp. 7681
Author(s):  
Juan Chaves ◽  
Antonio A. Lorca-Marín ◽  
Emilio José Delgado-Algarra
Keyword(s):  
Life Support ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Advanced Life Support ◽  
Sample Volume ◽  
Mixed Methodology ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Face ◽  
E Learning ◽  
The Impact

Different studies show that mixed methodology can be effective in medical training. However, there are no conclusive studies in specialist training on advanced life support (ALS). The main objective of this research is to determine if, with mixed didactic methodology, which includes e-learning, similar results are produced to face-to-face training. The method used was quasi-experimental with a focus on efficiency and evaluation at seven months, in which 114 specialist doctors participated and where the analysis of the sociodemographic and pre-test variables points to the homogeneity of the groups. The intervention consisted of e-learning training plus face-to-face workshops versus standard. The results were the performance in knowledge and technical skills in cardiac arrest scenarios, the perceived quality, and the perception of the training. There were no significant differences in immediate or deferred performance. In the degree of satisfaction, a significant difference was obtained in favour of the face-to-face group. The perception in the training itself presented similar results. The main limitations consisted of sample volume, dropping out of the deferred tests, and not evaluating the transfer or the impact. Finally, mixed methodology including e-learning in ALS courses reduced the duration of the face-to-face sessions and allowed a similar performance.

scholarly journals An integrated method for urban transit evaluation and optimization

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 168781401770814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Teng ◽  
Xiong-fei Lai
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Sample Volume ◽  
Urban Transit ◽  
Good Efficiency ◽  
Integrated Method ◽  
Transit Services ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Timetable Optimization

Public transit services should be fast and reliable. Complex road conditions, however, make them slow and fluctuate. Therefore, to reflect the impact of road traffic conditions for buses running, we should take both fast and reliable into consideration. This article uses GPS data of buses, proposes an integrated method for urban transit evaluation and optimization, including a bus running index calculation method which based on bus planning travel time and focusing on bus main roads, as well a bus timetable optimization method which faces a bus corridor. In order to verify the effectiveness, this article selects a bus main road on Yan’an Road between Shimen Road No. 1 Stop to Kaixuan Road Stop in Shanghai, China, as a case. Through this case study, this article verifies that the proposed bus running index can objectively and sensitively evaluate bus running conditions. Meanwhile, the result of bus timetable optimization shows good efficiency. On top of that, by contrast with the traditional single-line-based transit evaluation and optimization method, the proposed integrated evaluation and optimization method has an advantage in the sample volume size and calculation effectiveness.

scholarly journals Evaluating the impact of sampling strategies and bioinformatics on ethanol-based DNA metabarcoding

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filipa MS Martins ◽  
Nuno A Fonseca ◽  
Bastian Egeter ◽  
Joana Pinto ◽  
Tiago Assunção ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Sample Volume ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Tree Models ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
The Impact

Recent developments on ethanol-based DNA (etDNA) metabarcoding have shown that it is possible to extract meaningful information about macroinvertebrate community diversity and composition from the ethanol used to preserve bulk samples. The major advantages of this molecular approach are the reduced processing time and costs, and the possibility to keep specimens intact for other experiments. Yet, organisms with highly sclerotised exoskeleton or that are rare in the sample have been found to release a lower amount of DNA into solution and tend to be consistently missed by etDNA metabarcoding, thereby compromising the viability of the method. Few studies have shown that the first steps of the metabarcoding workflow are crucial for the good performance of etDNA-based assays, such as the decision on storage time before sampling and the ethanol phase to be analysed, the inclusion of pre-treatment strategies (i.e., freezing), and the choice of the DNA extraction protocol. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the combined effect of various technical choices on the performance of etDNA metabarcoding, considering factors such as sample volume, ethanol phase of sorted and unsorted samples, pre-capture treatments (evaporation vs filtration) and bioinformatic pipelines. Through the application of decision-tree models, our preliminary data revealed that the increase of volume (by itself) is enough to improve PCR amplification yields and proportion of families matching the morphological identifications, with great impact on the detection of hard-bodied and cased taxa. Also, no major differences among phases with or without a sorting step nor among bioinformatic pipelines were detected, particularly at higher volumes. Our results suggest that the higher performance (with lower observed variation) in taxonomic detection at higher volumes is likely a consequence of a higher availability of longer fragments of DNA in solution. This study highlights the importance of understanding the impact of technical choices to improve the efficiency of a DNA-based method, and reinstates etDNA metabarcoding as a potential method in the context of biomonitoring.

Analysis of VDM++ in Regression Test Suite

2015 ◽  
pp. 382-417
Author(s):  
Zahid Hussain Qaisar ◽  
Farooq Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Software Development ◽  
Software Testing ◽  
Maintenance Phase ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Regression Testing ◽  
Test Suite ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Development Methods

Regression testing is important activity during the maintenance phase. An important work during maintenance of the software is to find impact of change. One of the essential attributes of Software is change i.e. quality software is more vulnerable to change and provide facilitation and ease for developer to do required changes. Modification plays vital role in the software development so it is highly important to find the impact of that modification or to identify the change in the software. In software testing that issue gets more attention because after change we have to identify impact of change and have to keenly observe what has happened or what will happen after that particular change that we have made or going to make in software. After change software testing team has to modify its testing strategy and have to come across with new test cases to efficiently perform the testing activity during the software development Regression testing is performed when the software is already tested and now some change is made to it. Important thing is to adjust those tests which were generated in the previous testing processes of the software. This study will present an approach by analyzing VDM (Vienna Development Methods) to find impact of change which will describe that how we can find the change and can analyze the change in the software i.e. impact of change that has been made in software. This approach will fulfill the purpose of classifying the test cases from original test suite into three classes obsolete, re-testable, and reusable test cases. This technique will not only classify the original test cases but will also generate new test cases required for the purpose of regression testing.

scholarly journals Assessment of the performance of the inter-arrival time algorithm to identify ice shattering artifacts in cloud particle probe measurements

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 761-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Korolev ◽  
P. R. Field
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Arrival Time ◽  
Time Algorithm ◽  
Sample Volume ◽  
Ice Crystals ◽  
Cloud Particle ◽  
Measured Concentration ◽  
Arrival Times ◽  
Microphysical Properties ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Shattering presents a serious obstacle to current airborne in situ methods of characterizing the microphysical properties of ice clouds. Small shattered fragments result from the impact of natural ice crystals with the forward parts of aircraft-mounted measurement probes. The presence of these shattered fragments may result in a significant overestimation of the measured concentration of small ice crystals, contaminating the measurement of the ice particle size distribution (PSD). One method of identifying shattered particles is to use an inter-arrival time algorithm. This method is based on the assumption that shattered fragments form spatial clusters that have short inter-arrival times between particles, relative to natural particles, when they pass through the sample volume of the probe. The inter-arrival time algorithm is a successful technique for the classification of shattering artifacts and natural particles. This study assesses the limitations and efficiency of the inter-arrival time algorithm. The analysis has been performed using simultaneous measurements of two-dimensional (2-D) optical array probes with the standard and antishattering "K-tips" collected during the Airborne Icing Instrumentation Experiment (AIIE). It is shown that the efficiency of the algorithm depends on ice particle size, concentration and habit. Additional numerical simulations indicate that the effectiveness of the inter-arrival time algorithm to eliminate shattering artifacts can be significantly restricted in some cases. Improvements to the inter-arrival time algorithm are discussed. It is demonstrated that blind application of the inter-arrival time algorithm cannot filter out all shattered aggregates. To mitigate against the effects of shattering, the inter-arrival time algorithm should be used together with other means, such as antishattering tips and specially designed algorithms for segregation of shattered artifacts and natural particles.

scholarly journals Effect of Sample Aliquot Size on the Limit of Detection and Reproducibility of Clinical Assays

2007 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 1962-1965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guorong Chen ◽  
Lori Kobayashi ◽  
Irina Nazarenko
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Probability Model ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Success Probability ◽  
False Negative Rate ◽  
Sample Volume ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Nucleic acid amplification technologies significantly improved the limit of detection (LOD) for diagnostic assays. The ability of these assays to amplify fewer than 10 target copies of DNA or RNA imposes new requirements on the preparation of clinical samples. We report a statistical method to determine how large of an aliquot is necessary to reproducibly provide a detectable number of cells. Methods: We determined the success probability (p) based on aliquot size and sample volume. The binomial distribution, based on p and the concentration of cells in sample, was used to calculate the probability of getting no target objects in an aliquot and to determine the minimum number of objects per aliquot necessary to generate a reproducible clinical assay. Results: The described method was applied to find a minimum aliquot volume required for a set LOD, false-negative rate (FNR), and %CV. For example, to keep FNR <0.01% for 0.5%, 1% and 2% aliquots (minimum 2000, 1000, and 500 cells per sample) are required. Comparison between experimental and predicted FNR demonstrated good correlation for the small volume aliquots and/or low concentration of target. When 4 μL of 200 copies/mL of plasmid is amplified, predicted and experimental FNRs are 47.2% and 44.9%. Conclusion: This probability model is a useful tool to predict the impact of aliquot volume on the LOD and reproducibility of clinical assays. Even for samples for which pathogens are homogeneously distributed, it is theoretically impossible to collect a single pathogen consistently if the concentration of pathogen is below a certain limit.

scholarly journals TR72 Bölgesinde (Kayseri, Sivas ve Yozgat) Tavukçuluk Ürünlerinin Tüketimi Üzerine Medyanın Etkisi

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 756
Author(s):  
Hasan Eleroğlu ◽  
Hudaverdi Bircan ◽  
Rahim Arslan
Keyword(s):  
Media Coverage ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Sample Volume ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Broiler Meat ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Impact

This research; The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the media on the consumer preferences of broiler meat consumption in different regions, different age, income, education level and occupational groups. For this purpose, a total of 1350 (Kayseri 500, Sivas 450, Yozgat 400) sample face-to-face surveys were conducted on three villages in Kayseri, Sivas and Yozgat provinces (TR 72 Region). In the study, the sample volume was determined by simple one-pass random sampling method based on the population ratios. The change in the impact of poultry-related negative media coverage on the consumption of poultry products has been examined on the TR72 region basis. In terms of the rate of followers of poultry news, the three provinces differ significantly from each other, and in general, about 75% of the individuals follow news about poultry. Percentage of people who think that the feeding of broiler chickens is not healthy is 60.4% on average, and regional differences are found significant in this value. The proportion of those who were affected by media news and reduced the amount of poultry consumption was 36.1%, with regional differences being significant. Negative news in the media about poultry sector was effective enough to cause marketing problems in this area, consumers were following these news at a high rate, while using media tools, more effective promotion and information had to be done.

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