Prospects in the Optimized Design of PEM Water Electrolyzers: A Numerical Study Using a 1D Multiphase, Non-Isothermal Macroscopic Model

2021 ◽  
Vol MA2021-02 (46) ◽  
pp. 1871-1871
Author(s):  
Pablo A. Garcia-Salaberri
2013 ◽  
Vol 790 ◽  
pp. 686-689
Author(s):  
Chen Jian ◽  
Xu Yan Ying ◽  
Wang Yan Sheng

The objective of this work is to investigate the diesel analog pool fire with water mist .For this purpose, a series of water mist fire suppression experiment are carried out by changing the nozzle operating pressure, the source of fire power, opening and closing the exhaust fan to analyze the inhibitory effect of water mist to oil pool fire in the enclosed compartment of 5.0m × 5.0m × 3.0m. The results shows that extinguishing efficiency first increases and then decreases when the nozzle operating pressure increases from 8MPa to 12MPa, reaching the highest efficiency at 10MPa; increasing the power of the source of fire, the burning speed increases and the water mist fire extinguishing efficiency decreases; fresh oxygen coming in when smoke exhaust fan is turned on and water mist fire suppression efficiency decreases. Using FDS to simulate the water mist extinguishing oil pool fire, the predict temperature field and extinguishing time are basically consistent with the experimental results. In the actual applications of water mist fire suppression systems engineering, we can use the FDS field simulation methods to predict the characteristic parameters variation of the fire fighting fire temperature and component concentration, which is significant to the fire extinguishing system optimized design.


2018 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 06017
Author(s):  
Özgen Ilhan ◽  
Martin Bruwier ◽  
Jiaheng Zhao ◽  
Dongfang Liang ◽  
Pierre Archambeau ◽  
...  

The integral porosity shallow water model is a type of porous shallow water model for urban flood modeling, that defines two types of porosity, namely a volumetric porosity inside the computational cell and a conveyance porosity at each edge. Porosity terms are determined directly from the underlying building geometry, hence buildings do not need to be discretized exactly. This enables simulations with significantly reduced CPU time on meshes with cell sizes larger than the building size. Here, the macroscopic model view leads to an additional source term at the unresolved building-fluid interface, yielding a building drag dissipation source term. In literature, several formulations for this term can be found. The integral porosity shallow water model is sensitive to the building drag dissipation, and using the drag parameters as a calibration parameter enhances the accuracy of model results. However, the ideal way to achieve this is still an open research question. In this contribution, we present a simple technique to estimate building drag dissipation that uses the conveyance porosity configuration to estimate the projected area inside the cell, which is then used in a drag force equation. The advantage of this approach is that it is computationally inexpensive, no additional parameters need to be stored, and only a single parameter has to be calibrated. The proposed approach is compared with drag dissipation formulations from existing literature in a laboratory experiment that features a dam-break against an isolated obstacle. The aim of the comparison is to evaluate present existing building drag dissipation models with regard to accuracy and computational cost.


Author(s):  
Hong-Won Kim ◽  
Seung-Hyup Ryu ◽  
Sang-Hak Ghal ◽  
Ji-Soo Ha

The centrifugal compressor design of the high-speed marine engine (500–900 kW) turbocharger has been done. Increased Higher compressed air and power density help improvement of the engine performance and power. The centrifugal compressor of the marine engine turbocharger is composed of impeller, 1st vaneless diffuser, vaned diffuser, 2nd vaneless diffuser and volute casing. The design process is achieved by three following stages. First, quasi-two dimensional code is used to determine the main geometry of the compressor. Second, three-dimensional compressible Navier-Stokes equation is applied to analyze the flow pattern and structures of the compressor blade loading. Here, among compressor impeller geometry, blade height variables are mainly changed. Smooth flow guidance has to precede and flow separation symptoms must not appear within compressor impeller. When the loading distribution is inadequate from blade hub to shroud, new curved profile should be designed to minimize the pressure loss. By analyzing the internal flow fields for the compressor impeller geometry variations, three dimensional impeller design profile has been confirmed. Compressed air pressure and mass flow rates from new optimized design were 2.7%, 27.3% higher than that of old one each other. Third, analyzed results are compared with experimental data for the verification of the present design method.


1970 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 595-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Murty ◽  
K. Sankara Rao

The dynamical behaviour of a system of parallel line vortices in an inviscid fluid is studied numerically. The initial configuration of the system is assumed to be such that the points of intersection of the line vortices with a plane normal to the vorticity form a regular polygon. The numerical experiments show that the vortex polygon is rearranged due to non-linear interactions among the line vortices in such a way as to produce a more or less uniform distribution of vortices inside the fluid with an approximately constant mean separation. The average angular velocity of the rotation of the vortex lines about the instantaneous centroid of the vortex system remains approximately constant. These results agree with the conjecture of Raja Gopal (1964). The results may prove to be of some value in a macroscopic model of liquid helium based on hydrodynamical principles.


2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (02) ◽  
pp. 1871001
Author(s):  
Youssef Khmou

In this paper, we propose a new logistic map based on the relation of the information entropy, we study the bifurcation diagram comparatively to the standard logistic map. In the first part, we compare the obtained diagram, by numerical simulations, with that of the standard logistic map. It is found that the structures of both diagrams are similar where the range of the growth parameter is restricted to the interval [0,e]. In the second part, we present an application of the proposed map in traffic flow using macroscopic model. It is found that the bifurcation diagram is an exact model of the Greenberg’s model of traffic flow where the growth parameter corresponds to the optimal velocity and the random sequence corresponds to the density. In the last part, we present a second possible application of the proposed map which consists of random number generation. The results of the analysis show that the excluded initial values of the sequences are (0,1).


VLSI Design ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 8 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 275-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Cercignani ◽  
Irene M. Gamba ◽  
Joseph W. Jerome ◽  
Chi-Wang Shu

In a companion presentation, we have discussed the theory of a mesoscopic/ macroscopic model, which can be viewed as an augmented drift-diffusion model. Here, we describe how that model is used. The device we consider for this presentation is the one dimensional GaAs n+−n−n+ structure of length 0.8μm. First, a full Hydro- Dynamic (HD) model, proven reliable when compared with Monte Carlo simulations, is used to simulate the device via the ENO finite difference method. As applied to the full device, the new model is not necessarily superior to traditional Drift-Diffusion (DD). Indeed, when we plot the quantity η= μ0E/kT0/m, where μ0 is the mobility constant and E=−ϕ′ is the electric field, we verify that the high field assumption η › 1, required for the high field model, is satisfied only in an interval given approximately by [0.2, 0.5]. When we run both the DD model and the new high field model in this restricted interval, with boundary conditions of concentration n and potential ϕ provided by the HD results, we demonstrate that the new model outperforms the DD model. This indicates that the high field and DD models should be used only in parts of the device, connected by a transition kinetic regime. This will be a domain decomposition issue involving interface conditions and adequate numerical methods.


2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Xi Tu ◽  
Jin Di ◽  
Cunjun Pang ◽  
Xiaoqing Xu

Modeling approach for mesoscopic model of concrete depicting mass transportation and physicochemical reaction is important since there is growing demand for accuracy and computational efficiency of numerical simulation. Mesoscopic numerical simulation considering binder, aggregate, and interfacial transition zone (ITZ) generally produces huge number of DOFs, which is inapplicable for full structure. In this paper, a two-dimensional multiscale approach describing three-phase structure of concrete was discussed numerically. An effective approach generating random aggregate in polygon based on checking centroid distance and intersection of line segment was introduced. Moreover, ITZ elements were built by parallel expanding the edge of aggregates on inner side. By combining mesoscopic model including full-graded aggregate and macroscopic model, cases related to diffusivity and width of ITZ, volume fraction, and grade of aggregate were studied regarding the consideration of multiscale compensation. Result clearly showed that larger analysis model in multiscale model expanded the diffusion space of chloride ion and decreased chloride content in front of rebar. Finally, this paper addressed some noteworthy conclusions about the chloride distribution and rebar corrosion regarding the configuration of rebar diameter, concrete cover, and exposure period.


2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lalaina Rakotondrainibe ◽  
Grégoire Allaire ◽  
Patrick Orval

PurposeThis paper is devoted to the theoretical and numerical study of a new topological sensitivity concerning the insertion of a small bolt connecting two parts in a mechanical structure. First, an idealized model of bolt is proposed which relies on a non-local interaction between the two ends of the bolt (head and threads) and possibly featuring a pre-stressed state. Second, a formula for the topological sensitivity of such an idealized bolt is rigorously derived for a large class of objective functions. Third, numerical tests are performed in 2D and 3D to assess the efficiency of the bolt topological sensitivity in the case of no pre-stress. In particular, the placement of bolts (acting then as springs) is coupled to the further optimization of their location and to the shape and topology of the structure for volume minimization under compliance constraint.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology relies on the adjoint method and the variational formulation of the linearized elasticity equations in order to establish the topological sensitivity.FindingsThe numerical results prove the influence of the number and locations of the bolts which strongly influence the final optimized design of the structure.Originality/valueThis paper is the first one to study the topology optimization of bolted systems without a fixed prescribed number of bolts.


2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 575-582
Author(s):  
Manish Kumar Thakur ◽  
Chiranjit Sarkar

In the existing magnetorheological clutch, there is a problem of improper transmission of torque or inefficiency in the transmission of torque. Research is carried out to improve the design of the magnetorheological clutch. Using simulation techniques and experimental study, a new seal at the outer radius is designed to improve the torque transmission of the magnetorheological clutch. The fluid flow between the input and output shafts are studied using COMSOL Multiphysics v5.3a software. The optimized design of the seal is subjected to experimental study and torque transmitted is measured. The results show an improvement in the torque transmission with the introduction of the new seal.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document