An association study between epicardial fat thickness and cognitive impairment in the elderly

2014 ◽  
Vol 307 (9) ◽  
pp. H1269-H1276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluigi Mazzoccoli ◽  
Mariangela Pia Dagostino ◽  
Manlio Vinciguerra ◽  
Filomena Ciccone ◽  
Giulia Paroni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Transthoracic Echocardiography ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Visceral Adipose

The amount of fat surrounding the heart, called epicardial adipose tissue (EAT), is a marker of cardiometabolic risk and correlates with the quantity of visceral adipose tissue (VAT). The amount of VAT is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease and with cognitive impairment. We aimed to evaluate the association between EAT thickness as a measure of VAT and cognitive function. In 71 elderly subjects (mean age 72.7 ± 7.1 yr) we measured EAT thickness through transthoracic echocardiography, assessed the metabolic profile through evaluation of biochemical parameters, and estimated the cognitive function via the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). We found that greater EAT thickness was associated with lower cognitive performance evaluated by MMSE ( P < 0.01) independently of the presence or absence of metabolic syndrome or obesity. Lower MMSE results were also associated with the presence of metabolic syndrome ( P < 0.01), elevated HOMA index ( P < 0.01), and high BMI values ( P < 0.01). The results of mediation analysis confirmed that the total effect of metabolic syndrome, HOMA, and BMI on MMSE is mainly explained by an indirect effect through EAT thickness. In conclusion, increased EAT thickness assessed by transthoracic echocardiography is associated with deficient results of psychometric tests assessing cognitive performance and may consistently foresee impairment of cognition in the elderly.

scholarly journals Association between Serum Lipid Parameters and Cognitive Performance in Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 5405
Author(s):  
Jaeho Lee ◽  
Sohyae Lee ◽  
Jin-young Min ◽  
Kyoung-bok Min
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Digit Symbol Substitution Test ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Categorical Analysis ◽  
Increased Risk

(1) Background: Previous studies have suggested the association between lipid profiles and cognitive function in older adults. However, they generated inconsistent results. We aim to determine the relationship between lipid profiles and cognitive performance in older adults. (2) Methods: We used the 2011–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. This study included 2215 participants who were aged more than 60 years old and free of coronary heart disease or stroke. Lipid profiles included total cholesterol (TC), low density lipid cholesterol (LDL), high density lipid cholesterol (HDL), and triglyceride (TG). Cognitive function was assessed using the digit symbol substitution test (DSST). (3) Results: Positive correlations of DSST were observed with TC (r = 0.111; p < 0.0001), HDL (r = 0.127; p < 0.0001), and LDL (r = 0.107; p = 0.0005). However, there was no significant relationship between TG and DSST. A one-unit increase in HDL was associated with an increase in DSST score (beta coefficient: 0.036; p = 0.018); but the association was not significant for LDL, TG, and TC. In the categorical analysis, the high HDL group had a higher DSST score than the low HDL group (beta = 3.113; p < 0.0001) and the low TG group was more likely to show a lower DSST score than the high TC group (beta = −1.837; p = 0.0461). However, LDL and TC showed no statistically significant associations. Moreover, HDL was only associated with a 0.701 times increased risk of cognitive impairment (95% CI = 0.523–0.938) in the logistic regression analysis. (4) Conclusions: Higher blood concentrations of HDL levels were positively associated with DSST scores in older adults. We suggest that the high levels of HDL may be a protective factor against cognitive impairment.

scholarly journals Subjective cognitive impairment, cognitive disorders and self-perceived health: The importance of the informant

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-342
Author(s):  
Mariana Luciano de Almeida ◽  
Daniela Dalpubel ◽  
Estela Barbosa Ribeiro ◽  
Eduardo Schneider Bueno de Oliveira ◽  
Juliana Hotta Ansai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Perceived Health ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Relationship Of

ABSTRACT There is great divergence of results in the literature regarding the clinical relevance and etiology of subjective cognitive impairment (SCI). Currently, SCI is studied as a pre-clinical symptom of Alzheimer's disease, before establishing a possible diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The hypothesis was that SCI is associated with low cognitive performance and poor self-perceived health. Objective: to investigate the relationship of SCI with objective cognitive impairment and self-perceived health in older individuals and to compare SCI reported by the elderly subjects and by their respective informants. Methods: 83 subjects participated in the study, divided between the forms of the Memory Complaint Scale (MCS). Cognition was evaluated by the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination - Revised and self-perceived health by the Short Form Health Survey-8. Results: there was no association between SCI and self-perceived health. SCI reported by the older adults was associated with executive functions. SCI reported by the informant was associated with overall cognitive performance, memory, verbal fluency and visuospatial functions. Conclusion: we found more robust results between SCI reported by the informant and cognitive impairment in the elderly assessed. There is a need to include and value the perception of someone who knows the older individual well enough to evaluate SCI globally.

scholarly journals Metabolic syndrome and cognitive performance in the elderly

2014 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianna Rinaldi ◽  
Giuseppe Graffi ◽  
Salvatore Gallone ◽  
Emma Rabino Massa
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
State Examination

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of conditions, each of which represents a risk factor for cardiovascular disease: central obesity, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and hypertension. In different recent studies, MetS has been associated with an accelerate cognitive decline in the elderly. The aim of our research was to investigate the relationship between MetS and cognitive performance in 174 Italian elderly people living in Val Cenischia (Piedmont, Italy). Mini mental state examination (MMSE) has been administered to assess the cognitive status of all participants. The prevalence of MetS is 50.3% (51.3 and 49.5% for males and females, respectively). Our results confirm the association between MetS and worse cognitive performance in the elderly: an increased number of MetS components is associated with an increased risk of developing cognitive impairment (odds ratio=1.54; confidence interval 95%:1.04-2.28; P&lt;0.05).

scholarly journals The Possible Link Between Serum Lipocalin-2 Level and Mild Cognitive Impairment in Adults With Metabolic Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A420-A421
Author(s):  
Kanokporn Pinyopornpanish ◽  
Arintaya Phrommintikul ◽  
Chaisiri Angkurawaranon ◽  
Sirinart Kumfu ◽  
Nipon Chattipakorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Lipocalin 2 ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin ◽  
Inflammatory Protein ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase

Abstract Introduction: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment. Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) or neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), is an inflammatory protein, and participates in the innate immune response. LCN2 significantly decreased in the cerebrospinal fluid of individuals with mild cognitive impairment. A recent study reported that circulating lipocalin-2 is involved in early AD pathogenesis. However, the association of LCN2 and cognition in MetS patients are still unclear. Then, the present study aims to evaluate whether serum LCN2 levels are associated with the alteration of cognitive function in MetS subjects. Methods: Participants with MetS, but without dementia or prior psychiatric problems, were enrolled to the study. The demographic data and physical examination were assembled. Blood samples were collected to evaluate the metabolic parameters. Levels of serum LCN2 were determined with ELISA assay. The global score of the Thai version of Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) was used to assess cognitive function. Multivariable regression analysis was used to determine the associations. Results: Among 202 MetS participants, 111 (54.95 %) were female, and average age was 64.6 (SD 8.6). Mean serum LCN2 and MoCA score were 30.7 ng/ml (SD 17.6) and 19.3 (SD 4.8), respectively. Serum LCN2 levels were negatively associated with the MoCA scores in crude analysis (B=-0.053; 95%CI -0.090, -0.015; p 0.006). After adjustment for sex, age, waist circumference, and creatinine levels, there was an association between the higher serum LCN2 levels and the lower MoCA scores (B=-0.049; 95%CI -0.090, -0.008; p 0.019). Conclusion: These findings suggest the association between serum LCN2 levels and MCI in MetS subjects. However, further longitudinal study should be investigated to support the link between serum LCN2 levels and cognitive impairment.

scholarly journals Association Between Z Drugs Use and Risk of Cognitive Impairment in Older Patients With Chronic Insomnia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Guo ◽  
Li Yi ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Yong-bo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Chronic Insomnia ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Global Cognitive Function ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Friendship Hospital ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

Abstract Background Benzodiazepines (BZDs) and Z drugs are widely used for patients with chronic insomnia. The long term use of BZDs in older patients can cause cognitive impairment and potentially increase the risk of dementia. However, evidence for an association with Z drugs is limited. This study aimed to investigate the association between the risk of cognitive impairment and exposure to Z drugs in older patients with chronic insomnia.Methods We recorded older patients with chronic insomnia who visited the outpatient department of neurology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, and assessed the global cognitive function (MoCA) and five cognitive domains (CVLT, TMT-B, BNT-30, CDT and DST). Multiple regression analysis was conducted to determine the independent factors of cognition, and evaluate the effect of Z drugs use (zolpidem and zopiclone) on cognition.Results A total of 88 subjects were identified. BZDs use (P=0.03, B=2.67, 95% CI 0.36-4.97) and BZDs exposure density (P=0.01, B=1.22, 95% CI 0.33-2.11) were independent risk factors of cognitive impairment in older patients with chronic insomnia. Neither Z drugs use (P=0.11) nor Z drugs exposure density (P=0.92) correlated with global cognitive function. Moreover, compared with BZDs users, there were positive associations between Z drugs use and memory (P=0.00), attention (P=0.00) and verbal function (P=0.04). Additionlly, education level (P=0.02, OR=0.74, 95% CI 0.57-0.95), duration of insomnia (P=0.04, OR=1.05, 95% CI 1.00-1.11) and severity of insomnia (P=0.03, OR=1.27, 95% CI 1.02-1.57) were also independent factors of global cognitive function.Conclusion We found no evidence that Z drugs use and Z drugs exposure density were associated with cognitive impairment in older patients with chronic insomnia. However, the use of BZDs and BZDs exposure density were associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment. Thus, BZDs use should be avoided，and Z drugs should be prescribed with extreme caution in the elderly.

Effects of a Group Program to Increase Cognitive Performance Through Cognitively Stimulating Leisure Activities in Healthy Older Subjects

GeroPsych ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina A. Tesky ◽  
Christian Thiel ◽  
Winfried Banzer ◽  
Johannes Pantel
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cognitive Stimulation ◽  
Group Program ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Older Subjects

To investigate the effects of leisure activities on cognitive performance of healthy older subjects, an innovative intervention program was developed. Frequent participation in cognitively stimulating activities (i.e., reading, playing chess, or playing music) is associated with reduced risk of dementia. AKTIVA (active cognitive stimulation – prevention in the elderly) is an intervention program designed to enhance cognitive stimulation in everyday life by increasing cognitive stimulating leisure activities. The present study determines the effects of AKTIVA on cognitive function, mood and attitude toward aging in a sample of older participants from the general population. Several measurement instruments were used including the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale (ADAS-Cog), the Trail-Making Test (TMT), and the Memory Complaint Questionnaire (MAC-Q). Initially, the sample consisted of 307 older persons (170 female, 72 ± 7 years). The intervention was evaluated with a randomized, controlled pre-post follow-up design. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: AKTIVA intervention (n = 126), AKTIVA intervention plus nutrition and exercise counseling (n = 84), no-intervention control group (n = 97). The AKTIVA intervention consisted of 8 weekly sessions and two booster sessions after a break of 4 months. Participation in the group program resulted in positive effects on cognitive function and attitude toward aging for subassembly groups. Older persons (≥ 75 years) showed enhanced speed of information processing (by TMT Version A) (F = 4.17*, p < .05); younger participants (< 75 years) showed an improvement in subjective memory decline (by MAC-Q) (F = 2.55*, p < .05). Additionally, AKTIVA enhanced the frequency of activities for leisure activities for subassembly groups. The results of this study suggest that the AKTIVA program can be used to increase cognitively stimulating leisure activities in the elderly. Further research is necessary to identify the long-term effects of this intervention particularly with respect to the prevention of dementia.

Correction of morphofunctional disorders with grapes polyphenols in rats with experimental metabolic syndrome

2018 ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Ю.И. Шрамко ◽  
А.В. Кубышкин ◽  
А.А. Давыдова ◽  
И.И. Фомочкина ◽  
Л.Л. Алиев ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Normal Structure ◽  
Hepatic Tissue ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Grape Polyphenols ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Visceral Adipose ◽  
Experimental Group

Цель работы состояла в изучении влияния полифенолов винограда на органы-мишени при экспериментальном метаболическом синдроме у крыс. Методы. В течение 12 недель полифенолы винограда применялись у крыс линии Вистар. Все крысы находились на стандартном рационе. Животные были разделены на 6 групп: 1-я контрольная получала питьевую воду; 2-я контрольная и все 4 экспериментальные - 2,5% раствор фруктозы в качестве питья. 1-я экспериментальная группа дополнительно получала препарат «Фэнокор» с суммарным содержанием полифенолов 181,53 г/дм, 2-я экспериментальная - виноматериал с суммарным содержанием полифенолов 1,73 г/дм; 3-я экспериментальная - виноматериал с суммарным содержанием полифенолов 4,33 г/дм и 4-я экспериментальная - виноматериал с суммарным содержанием полифенолов 8,58 г/дм. После окончания опыта у крыс проводили морфологические исследования висцеральной жировой ткани, тканей миокарда и печени. Результаты. Анализ результатов показал, что применение полифенольных продуктов переработки винограда в концентрациях 181,53 г/дм при моделировании метаболического синдрома приводило к минимизации морфофункциональных нарушений в висцеральной жировой ткани (уменьшение интенсивности лимфоплазмоцитарной инфильтрации), миокарде (мышечные волокна имели типичное строение и адипоциты между ними встречались лишь очагово) и печени (имелись лишь слабые очаговые дистрофические изменения гепатоцитов). Заключение. Результаты работы свидетельствуют о возможности применения виноматериалов с наибольшей концентрацией полифенолов и препарата «Фэнокор» в коррекции и профилактике поражений при метаболическом синдроме. The aim of this work was to study the effect of grape polyphenols on target organs in rats with experimental metabolic syndrome. Methods. Grape polyphenols were used in Wistar rats for 12 weeks. All rats received a standard diet. The animals were divided into 6 groups: group 1, control, received drinking water; group 2, the second control, and four experimental groups received a 2.5% fructose solution for drinking. The first experimental group additionally received a drug, Fenocor, containing polyphenols at 181.53 g/dm; the second experimental group - wine material containing polyphenols at 1,73 g/dm; the third experimental group - wine material containing polyphenols at 4,33 g/dm; and the fourth experimental group - wine material containing polyphenols at 8,58 g/dm. At the end of experiment, morphological studies of visceral adipose tissue, myocardial tissue, and hepatic tissue were performed. Results. The treatment of rats with experimental metabolic syndrome with grape polyphenolic products at a concentration of 181.53 g/dm minimized morphological and functional disorders in visceral adipose tissue (intensity of lymphoplasmocytic infiltration was decreased), myocardium (muscle fibers had normal structure with only occasional adipocytes between them), and liver (only slight focal degenerative changes were observed in hepatocytes). Conclusion. The study indicated a possibility of using wine materials with the highest concentration of polyphenols and the drug Fenocor for correction and prevention of damages in metabolic syndrome.

Association of Circulating Cholesterol Level with Cognitive Function and Mild Cognitive Impairment in the Elderly: A Community-based Population Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 556-565
Author(s):  
Yujie Guo ◽  
Pengfei Li ◽  
Xiaojun Ma ◽  
Xiaochen Huang ◽  
Zhuoheng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cholesterol Level ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Aging Adults ◽  
Female Subjects

Background: The present study was designed to examine the association of circulating cholesterol with cognitive function in non-demented community aging adults. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study including 1754 Chinese adults aged 55-80 years. The association between serum cholesterol levels and cognitive function was examined. Participants were categorized into four groups according to the quartile of circulating TC (total cholesterol), High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-c), Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-c) levels and HDLc/ LDL-c ratio. The difference in cognitive performance among the groups was compared. Logistic regression model was used to determine the association of circulating cholesterol level with the risk of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). Results: Mild increase of serum LDL-c level correlated with better visual and executive, language, memory and delayed recall abilities. Higher circulating TC and HDL-c levels were found to be associated with poorer cognitive function, especially in aging female subjects. Higher circulating TC, HDL-c and HDL/LDL ratio indicated an increased risk of MCI, especially in female subjects. Conclusion: Slight increase in circulating LDL-c level might benefit cognitive function in aging adults. However, higher circulating TC and HDL-c levels might indicate a decline of cognitive function, especially in aging female subjects.

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