Oral contraceptives, norethindrone and mestranol: effects on tissue levels of minerals

1976 ◽  
Vol 231 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
KY Lei ◽  
AS Prasad ◽  
E Bowersox ◽  
D Oberleas
Keyword(s):  
Causative Factor ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Plasma Zinc ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Liver Iron ◽  
Zinc Intake ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Plasma Copper ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
Zinc Levels

The study involved three levels of dietary zinc (deficient, marginal, and adequate) and four hormonal conditions; namely, no steriods, norethindrone, mestranol, and norethindrone plus mestranol. The steroids were incorporated into diets and fed to 11-wk-old female Sprague-Dawley rats. After 10 wk of treatment, various tissues were excised for mineral assays by atomic-absorption spectrophotometry. Both steroids, reduced weight gain. Mestranol depressed plasma zinc, tibia copper and magnesium, and liver iron, but elevated the zinc levels in liver and erythrocytes, plasma copper, liver magnesium and calcium, and iron content of tibia and heart. In general, the effect was most prominent with adequate zinc but diminished in magnitude with the reduction of zinc intake. In addition, norethindrone increased heart iron and tibia calcium. Mestranol appeared to be the main causative factor and may have induced a possible shift of minerals from one pool to another. As expected, zinc deficiency resulted in the reduction of zinc concentrations of plasma, tibia, kidney, and pancreas, and the elevation of copper, iron, magnesium, and calcium concentrations of various tissues.

scholarly journals In Vivo Assessment of Zinc Deficiency on Craniofacial Growth in a Rat Model

2009 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
Cankat Kara ◽  
Recep Orbak ◽  
Ilhan Metin Dagsuyu ◽  
Zerrin Orbak ◽  
Necmettin Bilici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Zinc Intake ◽  
Group I ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Rat Mandible

ABSTRACTObjectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of low levels of zinc intake on the rat mandible and maxilla during growth and to compare these results with those of zinc-containing rats.Methods: The study was carried out on 14 Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were randomly divided into two groups. Group I rats were fed with a Zn-deficient diet, and Group II rats with a Zn-containing diet. At the end of the fourth week on the experimental diet, all the rats were killed and blood samples were taken. Serum Zn levels were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Then, the s ulls and mandibles were freed from soft tissues and measurements were made on the dry skulls, the mandibles, and teeth in both of the two groups.Results: The zinc-deficient group showed a significantly lower value in dry skull, mandible, and teeth measurements when compared with those of the Group II.Conclusions: Changes in zinc intake might exert an effect on the growth of craniofacial structures. A low-zinc diet during adolescence might slow bone and teeth growth and enhance the risk of oral, periodontal, and orthodontic problems in later years. (Eur J Dent 2009;3:10-15)

Changes in plasma zinc content after exercise in men fed a low-zinc diet

1984 ◽  
Vol 247 (1) ◽  
pp. E88-E93 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. C. Lukaski ◽  
W. W. Bolonchuk ◽  
L. M. Klevay ◽  
D. B. Milne ◽  
H. H. Sandstead
Keyword(s):  
Copper Content ◽  
Maximal Exercise ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Plasma Zinc ◽  
Zinc Depletion ◽  
Plasma Copper ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
Zinc Repletion ◽  
Zinc Balance

For 30 days five healthy men aged 23-57 yr consumed a diet adequate in zinc (8.6 mg/day); they ate a low-zinc diet (3.6 mg/day) for the next 120 days and then received a zinc-supplemented (33.6 mg/day) diet for 30 days. Copper intake was constant at 1.8 mg/day. Aerobic capacity was determined periodically during each diet period. Relative zinc balance (% of control) declined during depletion (r = -0.28, P less than 0.009). Pre- and postexercise zinc concentrations decreased when dietary zinc was restricted (r = -0.61, P less than 0.0001 and r = -0.78, P less than 0.0001) and increased with supplementation (r = 0.61, P less than 0.008 and r = 0.76, P less than 0.0003, respectively). Both plasma zinc and hematocrit increased (P less than 0.01) after maximal exercise. To minimize the effect of hemoconcentration during exercise, the van Beaumont quotient (J. Appl. Physiol. 34: 102-106, 1973) was calculated using pre- and postexercise hematocrit and plasma zinc. The initial quotient of 1.8 +/- 1.8% (mean +/- SE) declined (P less than 0.05) to -7.4 +/- 2.3% during depletion. With zinc repletion, the quotient increased to 6.9 +/- 3.6%, which was greater (P less than 0.05) than the quotient in depletion but similar to the initial quotient. The quotient was a strong predictor (r = 0.71, P less than 0.0005) of the change in relative zinc balance during zinc depletion. In contrast, no changes were found in plasma copper content. These data suggest that zinc mobilization from tissues is impaired during zinc depletion, and they validate the use of the van Beaumont quotient as an index of change in body zinc stores.

Measurement of Hypozincaemia in Mice: A Sensitive Test for Detection of Pyrogens

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Boobis ◽  
Rose E. Hartley
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Zinc Concentration ◽  
Shigella Dysenteriae ◽  
Metabolic Inhibitor ◽  
Repeated Treatment ◽  
Plasma Zinc ◽  
Sensitive Test ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
Zinc Levels ◽  
Dose Dependent

1. The effect of bacterial pyrogens on plasma zinc concentration in mice was studied as a method of bioassay for these substances. 2. A dose-related depression of plasma zinc concentrations was observed 4 h after intravenous injection of doses of 0.05-500 ng of purified endotoxins of Salmonella abortus equi, Shigella dysenteriae and Escherichia coli. Responses were dose-dependent and reproducible for each endotoxin in five strains of mice. 3. Tolerance to endotoxin could be induced in mice by injection of doses of 500 ng but was not seen with doses of <5 ng, even after repeated treatment. 4. Dinitrophenol, a metabolic inhibitor, and amphetamine, a metabolic enhancer, did not affect plasma zinc levels, indicating that changes in basal metabolic rate do not affect the outcome of this assay. The effects of pyrogenic materials other than endotoxin on plasma zinc levels were also tested and the results suggest that measurement of hypozincaemia in mice provides the basis for a simple, practical and inexpensive test for endotoxins and other pyrogens.

Bone metabolism and regulation of the blood calcium level in rats

1965 ◽  
Vol 209 (5) ◽  
pp. 887-890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Bronner ◽  
J. -P. Aubert
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Level ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
The Body ◽  
Calcium Deposition ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Blood Calcium ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Calcium Resorption ◽  
Blood Calcium Level

Combined kinetic (Ca45) and balance (Ca40) studies of young male Sprague-Dawley rats placed on three different levels of calcium intakes (0.05, 0.5, 1.0% Ca) showed that the blood plasma calcium level, as determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, remained constant and invariant over a range of absorption from 4.5 to 83.4 mg Ca/day and that the pool, i.e., all the exchangeable calcium in the body, did not increase with increased absorption. Hence no direct regulatory role can be attributed to the size of the pool. Measurement of the calcium deposition and resorption rates in bone showed that the former changed only little with increasing absorption, whereas the latter decreased nearly linearly under the same conditions. Calcium resorption from bone therefore appears to play the major role in regulating the blood calcium level.

Dietary Zinc Intake and Plasma Zinc Concentrations in Children with Short Stature and Failure to Thrive

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadine Yazbeck ◽  
Rima Hanna-Wakim ◽  
Rym El Rafei ◽  
Abir Barhoumi ◽  
Chantal Farra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Stature ◽  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Failure To Thrive ◽  
Plasma Zinc ◽  
Dietary Zinc ◽  
Zinc Intake ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Zinc Concentrations

Background: The burden of zinc deficiency on children includes an increased incidence of diarrhea, failure to thrive (FTT) and short stature. The aim of this study was to assess whether children with FTT and/or short stature have lower dietary zinc intake and plasma zinc concentrations compared to controls. Methods: A case-control study conducted at the American University of Beirut Medical Center included 161 subjects from 1 to 10 years of age. Results: Cases had a statistically significant lower energy intake (960.9 vs. 1,135.2 kcal for controls, p = 0.010), lower level of fat (30.3 vs. 36.5 g/day, p = 0.0043) and iron intake (7.4 vs. 9.1 mg/day, p = 0.034). There was no difference in zinc, copper, carbohydrate and protein intake between the 2 groups. The plasma zinc concentration did not differ between the cases and controls (97.4 vs. 98.2 μg/dl, p = 0.882). More cases had mild-to-moderate zinc deficiency when compared to controls with 10.3 vs. 3.6%, p = 0.095. Conclusion: Our study did not show statistically significant difference in dietary zinc intake and plasma zinc concentrations between children with FTT and/or short stature compared to healthy controls. A prospective study is planned to assess the effect of zinc supplementation on growth parameters in FTT children.

scholarly journals Lycopene restores trace element levels in ochratoxin A-treated rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-141
Author(s):  
Saziye Sezin Palabiyik ◽  
Pinar Erkekoglu ◽  
Murat Kızılgun ◽  
Gonul Sahin ◽  
Belma Kocer-Gumusel
Keyword(s):  
Trace Element ◽  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Trace Element Levels ◽  
Zinc Levels ◽  
In Vivo Effects

AbstractThis study was designed to investigate the in vivo effects of ochratoxin A (OTA) and/or lycopene on the levels of selenium, zinc, and copper in the liver, kidneys, and testes of male Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were treated with OTA (0.5 mg kg-1day-1) and/or lycopene (5 mg kg-1day-1) by gavage for 7 or 14 days. Trace element levels were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry. OTA significantly lowered selenium (20 % in the liver, 17 % in the kidney, and 40 % in the testis), zinc (24 % in the liver, 23 % in the kidney, and 26 % in the testis), and copper levels (40 % in the liver and 10 % in the kidney). Lycopene alone did not affect the trace element levels in any of the organs. In combination with OTA, however, it significantly restored liver, kidney, and testis selenium and zinc levels compared to the group treated with OTA alone. Our results have confirmed that depletion of trace elements in different organs is one of the mechanisms of action of OTA. They also suggest that lycopene interferes with this depleting effect and restores trace element levels, the implications of which need to be further investigated.

Copper, zinc, magnesium, and calcium in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with neurological diseases.

1977 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
J D Bogden ◽  
R A Troiano ◽  
M M Joselow
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
The Other ◽  
Plasma Zinc ◽  
Or Management ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Plasma Copper ◽  
Copper Zinc

Abstract We investigated whether information on concentrations of some trace-mental concentrations in blood plasma or cerebrospinal fluid, or both, could be of value in diagnosis or management of various neurological diseases, and whether concentrations in plasma could serve as a means of estimating the protein or metal concentrations in cerebropsinal fluid. Samples of both from 82 patients were analyzed for copper, zinc, magnesium, and calcium by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Protein concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid were also determined. Metal and protein concentrations in plasma and in cerebrospinal fluid were not strongly enough correlated to permit the estimation of one from the other. However, the correlation coefficients between calcium in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (r = 0.41), magnesium and protein in cerebrospinal fluid (r = 0.40), magnesium in plasma and calcium in cerebrospinal fluid (r = 0.36), and magnesium and calcium in cerebrospinal fluid (r = 0.66) were statistically significant (P less than .01). Patients with cerebral infarctions had abnormally high copper concentrations in their plasma and cerebrospinal fluid. The ratio of plasma copper to plasma zinc was also significantly higher in cases of cerebral infarction.

Plasma calcium, copper, magnesium, and zinc concentrations in patients with the alcohol withdrawal syndrome.

1978 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1553-1556 ◽  
Author(s):  
J D Bogden ◽  
R A Troiano
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Withdrawal ◽  
Delirium Tremens ◽  
Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Plasma Copper ◽  
Metabolic Imbalance ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
Copper Zinc

Abstract We determined zinc, copper, magnesium, and calcium concentrations by atomic absorption spectrophotometry in the plasma of 30 patients hospitalized for treatment of seizures during a period of alcohol withdrawal. Those patients who developed delirium tremens or a prolonged hallucinatory state had significantly higher plasma copper concentrations (P = 0.026), significantly lower zinc concentrations (P = 0.004), and significantly higher copper/zinc ratios (P = 0.001) than the patients who recovered uneventfully. Zinc deficiency may be one of the factors that contribute to the neurologic complications of alcoholism. A determination of the plasma copper/zinc ratio early in the course of alcohol withdrawal could be of value in indicating which patients have the most substantial underlying disease or metabolic imbalance and therefore may be at greatest risk of developing delirium tremens or prolonged hallucinosis.

Relationship of Plasma Zinc to Human Hypertension

1974 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-141
Author(s):  
Gurdarshan S. Thind ◽  
Grace M. Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Clinical Variable ◽  
Plasma Zinc ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Zinc Levels ◽  
Parenchymal Disease ◽  
Venous Plasma

1. Plasma zinc (μg/100 ml) was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry in ninety renal venous, inferior vena caval or peripheral venous specimens obtained from fifteen normal control subjects and thirty hypertensive patients, none of whom had renal failure. 2. Peripheral or central venous plasma zinc levels in ten patients with essential hypertension were not significantly different from those of control subjects. There were, however, significantly lower venous plasma zinc levels found in sixteen patients with renal artery stenosis and four patients with renal parenchymal disease. 3. The only clinical variable found to have a significant inverse correlation with plasma zinc was the mean arterial blood pressure. 4. There were no significant differences in zinc concentrations between central venous and renal venous plasma specimens.

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