Anatomic distribution of induced changes in blood volume, evaluated by regional weighing

1961 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Fell ◽  
Robert F. Rushmer
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Anatomic Distribution ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Anatomic Locations ◽  
Induced Changes

Anesthetized cats were supported on electronic scales placed under the head, thorax, abdomen and hindquarters, and the changes in the weights supported by these scales were recorded while blood was withdrawn and while blood and saline were infused. The recorded changes in weight indicated that the abdomen and the thorax both contributed significantly to the volume of withdrawn blood and that infused fluids were taken up by both regions. The blood volume of neither region was conserved at the expense of the other. The average weight change of the hindquarters was 5–10% of the over-all response, but in many cases the weight of the hindquarters was stable during an experiment. The average error in measurement of changes in total body weight was 6%. Interactions between the scales were evaluated by injecting mercury into pouches placed at specific anatomic locations. Interactions did occur, but were not so great as to invalidate the method. Submitted on September 16, 1960

Effect of Shearing Wool and the Hot Months of the Year on some Production Characteristics in Turkish Awassi Ewes

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-58
Author(s):  
Taha AL-Sharqi ◽  
Majid Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Control ◽  
Humidity Index ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Production Characteristics

This study aimed to investigate the effect of wool shearing and the environmental factors represented by some hot months of the year (July August and September) on some production characteristics in Turkish Awassi ewes. 18 ewes, aged 3-5 years, with an average weight of about 55±1.43 kg, were used. The ewes divided into three treatments. The first group control (T1) were not shorned the wool, the second group (T2) wool of ewes were sheared at a distance of 1 cm from skin, while third group (T3) wool of ewes were sheared at level of the skin. The value of the weekly Temperature-humidity index THI in this study (32.33, 31.08, 31.70, 32.53, 33.45, 33.83, 34.60, 33.91, 31.90, 31.10, 31.84, 32.74) weeks respectively, while the monthly THI was (31.63, 33.48, 31.82) months of the study in July August and September in a respectively. The results showed a significant difference (p<0.05) between the treatments in body weight that were recorded at the tenth week where the THI reached. While the Second group recorded (2.16 ± 0.802) kg compared to T1, T3 (0.916 ± 0.723) (0.583 ± 0.490) kg respectively. While the total body weight of ewes and birth weight showed non-significant differences between different treated groups. From another hand the result showed non-significant differences feed and significant differences in water consumption between different treated groups. From the current study concluded that the level of shearing wool in Turkish Awassi ewes in conjunction with high temperature has an effect in production characteristics by reducing the effect of heat stress on the ewes.

Plasma and blood volumes of the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata)

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (7) ◽  
pp. 1866-1867 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Keiver ◽  
M. Chandler ◽  
R. J. Frank ◽  
K. Ronald
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Hooded Seal ◽  
Cystophora Cristata ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Blood Volumes

Plasma volumes and haematocrits were determined in six hooded seals (Cystophora cristata) and blood volumes were estimated. Expressed on a total body weight basis, plasma volume was found to range from 39 to 109 mL∙kg−1 and blood volume from 93 to 222 mL∙kg−1. Logarithms of the values for plasma and blood volume varied directly with the total body weight of the seals.

scholarly journals Body Size Indexes for Optimizing Iodine Dose for Aortic and Hepatic Enhancement at Multidetector CT: Comparison of Total Body Weight, Lean Body Weight, and Blood Volume

Radiology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 254 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Kondo ◽  
Masayuki Kanematsu ◽  
Satoshi Goshima ◽  
Yuhei Tomita ◽  
Myeong-Jin Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Multidetector Ct ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Lean Body Weight ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Iodine Dose

Prevention of salt angiotensin II hypertension by servo control of body water

1990 ◽  
Vol 258 (4) ◽  
pp. H994-H1003 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Krieger ◽  
A. W. Cowley
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Volume Expansion ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Servo Control ◽  
Total Body

An automated servo-control system to maintain total body weight constant was used to investigate the role of fluid volume expansion in the development of salt-dependent hypertension in dogs continuously infused with subpressor doses of angiotensin II. Dogs maintained on a fixed salt and water intake were studied in metabolic scale cages, which enabled continuous 24 h/day monitoring of changes in body weight as an index of changes in total body water. Beat-by-beat hemodynamics were determined 24 h/day. Daily fluid and electrolyte balances and hormonal profile were determined. Blood volume was periodically measured by injection of 51Cr red blood cells. After a 3-day control period, salt intake was increased from 8 to 120 meq/day. In contrast to the rise of arterial pressure that was observed in our previous nonservo-controlled volume studies, average 24-h mean arterial pressure, cardiac output, and total peripheral resistance remained unchanged during a 4-day high-salt period. Total body weight was maintained within 7 +/- 17 g of the original weight. Blood volume was unchanged by day 2 as indicated by direct measurement (51Cr red blood cells) or by analysis of plasma protein concentration. There was a retention of 82 +/- 5 meq (P less than 0.05) of sodium on day 1 of high-salt period. Plasma sodium concentration increased approximately 7 meq/l (P less than 0.05) above control levels. Plasma renin activity and aldosterone decreased to undetectable values, whereas vasopressin and atrial natriuretic peptide increased significantly. These results confirm that elevations of blood volume and cardiac output normally observed when salt intake was increased in dogs infused with angiotensin II are secondary to water retention and that this salt-dependent model of hypertension is dependent on fluid volume expansion.

Estimates of total blood volume and total body weight of a sperm whale (Physeter catodon)

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 567-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Sleet ◽  
J. L. Sumich ◽  
L. J. Weber
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Sperm Whale ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Total Blood Volume ◽  
Total Plasma ◽  
Sperm Whales ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Total Body

A stranding of sperm whales (Physeter catodon) on the central Oregon coast enabled measurement of the total plasma volume of one female whale. The total blood volume was calculated to be about 20% of the total body weight based on the measured total plasma volume and hematocrit and the estimate of total body weight.

scholarly journals Preliminary results on Siberian sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus marsiglii) fries rearing under intensive conditions

2013 ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Tibor Feledi ◽  
András Rónyai
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Live Food ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Acipenser Ruthenus ◽  
Size Groups ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Dry Diet ◽  
Better Than

In our experiments production performances of Siberian sterlet were tested under intensive tank conditions. During the 25 days long experiment effectiveness of weaning to artificial diet of the fish was investigated. Production performances of fish fed on exclusively dry diet from the beginnings were lower than the other two groups. Between the values of sterlets fed on live food also then suddenly vs. continuously were weaned to dry diet there were no significant differences. Based on our results live food feeding could be suggested for the Siberian sterlet larvae for some days but the method of the weaning to dry diet has no significant influence to the production performances. In 21 days long experiment four different feeding frequencies were tested in Siberian sterlet (~13 g) fingerlings. Dry feed was offered for the fish continuously, 2, 3 and 4 times per day. There were no significant differences between the values of the four treatments. Based on our results there is no high influence of feeding frequency in case of this size group of Siberian sterlet. During the nursing in two different size groups of Siberian sterlet the optimal daily amounts of feed were aimed to determine. In case of growth values of the group fed at 7% of the total biomass were higher than the other two groups (3 and 5%). Feeding performances of fish fed at 5% were significantly better than fish fed at 7%. Based on our results for ~20 g size of the subspecies at least 5% of total body weight could be suggested. In case of ~150 g size of the fish the production performances of fish fed at 1% were lower than the other two groups (2 and 3%). Between the values of stocks fed at 2 and 3% there were no significant differences. Based on these results 2% of total body weight of dry feed could be suggested for the Siberian sterlet with ~150 g body weight.

Abstract 021: Most People Who Need to Perform CPR in Their Home Cannot

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H Trenkamp ◽  
Fernando J Perez
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Chest Compression ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Manual Compression ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Manual Chest Compression ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Simplistic Model

Objective: To determine by examining the physical characteristics of pairs of people who cohabitate whether each is physically capable of performing two-inch chest compression on the other. Methods: Name, gender, age, total body weight, and hands on scale weight (“HOSW”) data was collected from couples. HOSW is the reading on a scale when one is kneeling in front of the scale and pressing down with the hands as if performing CPR, until the knees barely leave the ground. One member of the cohort mechanically measured his chest stiffness. Chest stiffness for the cohort was calculated from a simplistic model where the measured subject’s relationship between chest stiffness and total body weight was assumed to prevail in all other test subjects. Doing so yielded an average chest stiffness of 128 pounds, as compared to the actual average adult chest stiffness of 130 pounds. A similar method was used with the heel of the foot. The result was FOSW, the force one could apply to a chest while performing Pedal Compression. A subject with an HOSW or FOSW equal to or greater than their partner’s chest stiffness was judged to be capable of performing guideline-compliant chest compression on the other using manual or pedal compression, respectively. The two outcome measures for each couple were: each’s physical ability to perform two-inch compression on the other, using manual and pedal compression. Results: At the time this abstract was submitted, data from twelve couples showed that slightly more than half the male subjects had sufficient HOSW to perform two-inch manual compression on their wife, and no wives had sufficient HOSW TO PERFORM a two-inch compression on their husband. In the 700 cardiac arrests in a private residence each day, two-thirds of the victims are male and will not receive two-inch compression. The results show the number of females and males that can apply enough force to their spouse’s chest to perform a two-inch compression with manual chest compression and pedal (heel) compression with FOSW at 95 and 90 percent of body weight. Zero of twelve females weighed enough to perform and seven of twelve males weighed enough to perform a two inch compression on their spouse using manual compression. One of twelve females and ten of twelve males weighed enough to perform a two inch compression on their spouse using pedal compression under the 95% of body weight equals FOSW model. Zero of twelve females and ten of twelve males weighed enough to perform a two inch compression on their spouse using pedal compression under the 90% of body weight equals FOSW model. Heel compression increases the likelihood of a male’s being able to perform a two inch compression significantly. Heel compression only improves a female’s likelihood of performing a two-inch compression using the 95% of body weight assumption.

scholarly journals Yenilebilir Su Kurbağası Pelophylax ridibundus (Pallas, 1771)'un Dişi ve Erkek Bireylerinin Karkas Miktarı Açısından Karşılaştırılması

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 401
Author(s):  
Ahmet Alkaya ◽  
Hülya Şereflişan ◽  
Suat Dikel
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Leg Length ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Pelophylax Ridibundus ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Total Body

The carcass amount of the male and female frogs collected from the nature (Pelophylax ridibundus) were Determined by measuring body length (SVL) and hind leg length of the carcass, hind leg, skin, head and liver weight. The mean SVL of the female frogs was measured as 91.6 ± 0.53 mm and the males as 81.1 ± 0.69 mm the difference was found to be statistically significant. The mean length values of the hind legs consumed as food were found to be 72.0 ± 0.65 mm in female frogs and 68.0 ± 0.53 mm in male frogs, and the difference was not statistically significant. The mean weight of the hind legs was 21.45 ± 5.06 g in female frogs and 15.53 ± 2.94 g in male frogs, and these amounts were approximately 25% of the total body weight in both sexes. In this study, the average weight of female frogs consumed as body, carcass and food was higher than male frogs. These weight differences between female frogs and male frogs were also found to be statistically significant. Carcass weights constitute approximately 50% of the total weight in both male and female individuals. As a result of the cutting process outside the carcass; the average weight of skin, head and liver were higher in female frogs than in male frogs. Except for the other parts of the carcass were determined to be important differences between male and female individuals, except the head weight. The average amount of frog skin, which is an important industrial product, was found to be 8.07 ± 2.04 g in female frogs and 5.66 ± 1.21 g in male frogs. The ratio of these values was found to correspond to 10% of the total body weight. In this study, it was investigated that the female frogs were better in terms of carcass gain than male frogs and the amount of head, liver and skin outside the carcass amount was determined and evaluated.

Application of Allometry to Zooarchaeology

1987 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth J. Reitz ◽  
Irvy R. Quitmyer ◽  
H. Stephen Hale ◽  
Sylvia J. Scudder ◽  
Elizabeth S. Wing
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Total Body ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Average Body

Zooarchaeologists have used several methods to assess the relative dietary contribution of species found at archaeological sites. The most common methods are either based upon the assumption that bone weight is a fixed percentage of total body weight, or require estimating an "average" body size for identified taxa. In fact, the relationship between parameters of bone and body mass is generally allometric and can be described by linear regression. Use of allometric models places original body mass predictions on a more sound biological basis and makes calculations of "average" weight unnecessary. The potential of allometry is discussed and objections addressed with the goal of encouraging others to develop allometric formulae and to use them in their research.

scholarly journals Lean body weight versus total body weight to calculate the iodinated contrast media volume in abdominal CT: a randomised controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moreno Zanardo ◽  
Fabio Martino Doniselli ◽  
Anastassia Esseridou ◽  
Massimiliano Agrò ◽  
Nicol Antonina Rita Panarisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Contrast Media ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Lean Body Weight ◽  
Iodinated Contrast Media ◽  
Abdominal Ct ◽  
Iodinated Contrast ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Total Body

Abstract Objectives Iodinated contrast media (ICM) could be more appropriately dosed on patient lean body weight (LBW) than on total body weight (TBW). Methods After Ethics Committee approval, trial registration NCT03384979, patients aged ≥ 18 years scheduled for multiphasic abdominal CT were randomised for ICM dose to LBW group (0.63 gI/kg of LBW) or TBW group (0.44 gI/kg of TBW). Abdominal 64-row CT was performed using 120 kVp, 100–200 mAs, rotation time 0.5 s, pitch 1, Iopamidol (370 mgI/mL), and flow rate 3 mL/s. Levene, Mann–Whitney U, and χ2 tests were used. The primary endpoint was liver contrast enhancement (LCE). Results Of 335 enrolled patients, 17 were screening failures; 44 dropped out after randomisation; 274 patients were analysed (133 LBW group, 141 TBW group). The median age of LBW group (66 years) was slightly lower than that of TBW group (70 years). Although the median ICM-injected volume was comparable between groups, its variability was larger in the former (interquartile range 27 mL versus 21 mL, p = 0.01). The same was for unenhanced liver density (IQR 10 versus 7 HU) (p = 0.02). Median LCE was 40 (35–46) HU in the LBW group and 40 (35–44) HU in the TBW group, without significant difference for median (p = 0.41) and variability (p = 0.23). Suboptimal LCE (< 40 HU) was found in 64/133 (48%) patients in the LBW group and 69/141 (49%) in the TBW group, but no examination needed repeating. Conclusions The calculation of the ICM volume to be administered for abdominal CT based on the LBW does not imply a more consistent LCE.

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