Comparison of glottic areas measured by acoustic reflections vs. computerized tomography

1988 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 367-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. D'Urzo ◽  
I. Rubinstein ◽  
V. G. Lawson ◽  
K. P. Vassal ◽  
A. S. Rebuck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Acoustic Method ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Tidal Breathing ◽  
Acoustic Reflection ◽  
Acoustic Technique ◽  
Residual Capacity ◽  
Equivalent Area ◽  
The Mean

We compared measurements of glottic area obtained by acoustic reflection technique with anatomically equivalent area measured from computerized tomographic (CT) scans of the neck in 11 subjects with glottic pathology. Both measurements were performed in the supine position during tidal breathing at functional residual capacity. We found excellent agreement in glottic areas obtained by both methods: the mean (+/- SD) values were 1.8 +/- 0.8 cm2 for the acoustic method and 1.7 +/- 0.9 cm2 for the CT method. Linear regression analysis revealed the following relationship between the area measured by acoustic technique (AAC) and that measured by CT (ACT): AAC = 0.81.ACT + 0.36. There was a significant correlation between the two measurements of glottic area (r = 0.95, P less than 0.0001). We conclude that the acoustic reflection technique may be used reliably in clinical and physiological studies concerned with glottic geometry.

Deep Cheek Fat Volumes and Midfacial Aging

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 467-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob I Tower ◽  
Neil A Gordon ◽  
Boris Paskhover
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Fat Volume

Abstract Background Midfacial volumizing procedures are increasingly common in facial rejuvenation. However, the changes that occur in midfacial fat with aging are poorly understood. Objectives The aim of this study was to determine how deep cheek fat volume is predicted by age. Methods We conducted retrospective cross-sectional and longitudinal studies of patients based on facial computed tomography (CT) scans. In the cross-sectional cohort, multiple linear regression analysis was performed to model the relations between age and deep cheek fat volumes. In the longitudinal analysis, changes to deep cheek fat volumes were tracked among subjects who underwent multiple facial CT scans. Results The cross-sectional cohort comprised 109 patients. The mean (SD) age of the subjects was 59.7 (15.0) years (range, 21.7-91.1 years). A linear regression analysis showed that increasing age was associated with increasing deep cheek fat volume (β = 0.015, P < 0.001). Additional regression analyses showed that the gain of fat with aging was more pronounced in the caudal aspect of the cheek (β = 0.007, P < 0.001) than in the cephalad (β = 0.005, P < 0.001). Twenty-three subjects were identified for longitudinal analysis. The mean (SD) ages at initial and final imaging time points were 50.0 (5.8) and 60.3 (5.2) years. In the deep fat compartment, there was an average gain of 0.23 mL over 10.3 years (P = 0.03). Conclusions Age is an important predictor of midfacial deep cheek fat volume. In this study, there is no evidence of adipose volume loss in the deep cheek compartment. Rather, aging was associated with an increase in deep cheek fat, possibly reflecting pseudoherniation of buccal fat. Level of Evidence 2

The Aging Parotid Gland: A Longitudinal Volumetric Study and Implications for Treatment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob I Tower ◽  
Tareq Sawan ◽  
Neil A Gordon ◽  
Boris Paskhover
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Gland Volume ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background The parotid gland accounts for significant soft tissue volume in the face and is therefore of central relevance to facial and neck rejuvenation. Objectives To determine how parotid gland volume is predicted by age and other factors. Methods We conducted a retrospective longitudinal study of patients with multiple computed tomography (CT) scans of the neck performed at least 7 years apart. Parotid gland volumes were measured and multiple linear regression analysis was performed to model the relations between age, BMI and parotid volume. Results The study cohort comprised 70 patients. The mean (SD) ages at initial and final imaging time points were 47.5 (12.6) and 58.8 (12.2) years old, with an average of 11.3 years elapsed between CT scans. The mean (SD) parotid gland volume increased from 28.7 (10.0) cc to 32.2 (10.7) cc over the average 11.3 year period (P = 0.03). However, the results of the multiple linear regression analysis show that when controlling for body mass index (BMI) and sex, age alone does not predict parotid volume (P = 0.29). BMI was directly correlated with gland volume (P < 0.01). An increase of 1.0 kg/m 2 in BMI predicted an increase in parotid volume by 1.1 cc. Male sex was also associated with significantly greater parotid volume. Conclusions Mean parotid volume increased over time but these gains were driven by increases in BMI and not age alone. These findings are highly relevant to the treatment of the aging face and neck.

The impact of legs fat mass and legs lean fat mass on thigh circumference according cardiovascular risk: a population-based study

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Chlabicz ◽  
M Paniczko ◽  
J Jamolkowski ◽  
P Sowa ◽  
M Lapinska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Thigh Circumference ◽  
Tissue Model ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): Medical University of Bialystok, Poland Introduction A low thigh circumference is associated with an increased risk of high blood pressure, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and total mortality. Objectives The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between the thigh circumference and cardiovascular (CV) risk classes, and to assess what type of tissue, adipose tissue or muscle tissue affects the thigh circumference. Methods The longitudinal, population-based, Polish study was conducted in 2017-2020. A total of 931 individuals aged 20-79 were analyzed. Pol-SCORE system was used to assess the 10-year risk of fatal CV based on the following risk factors: age, gender, smoking, systolic blood pressure, and total cholesterol for individuals aged 40-70.  Then, CV risk classes were assessed using the 2019 ESC/EAS guidelines. The measurement of thigh circumference were performed directly below the gluteal fold of the thigh. Both thighs were measured and the mean value was calculated as the final thigh circumference. Body composition was assessed using Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA). Results The mean age was 49.1 ± 15.5 years and 43.2% male. The mean thigh circumference was 58.2 ± 5.9 cm, the mean legs fat mass was 7.7 ± 2.8kg, and the mean legs lean mass was 16.9 ± 4.0kg. Lower thigh circumference was associated with higher CV risk classes in univariate linear regression analysis (β -0.516, p = 0.002), as well adjusted by age and sex (β -0.839, p = 0.008), adjusted by age, sex, BMI (β -0.886, p <0.001), and age, sex, WHR (β -0.988, p <0.001). In linear regression analysis legs adipose tissue and muscle tissue were related to the thigh circumference independently of CV risk classes (Model 1) and Pol-SCORE value (Model 2). However, fatty tissue (Model 1: β 0.746, p < 0.001; Model 2: β 0.749, p < 0.001) affects the thigh circumference more than the muscle tissue (Model 1: β 0.479, p < 0.001; Model 2: β 0.442, p < 0.001) (Fig. 1). Conclusion Smaller thigh circumference was associated with higher CV risk classes. Thigh circumference was more influenced by adipose tissue than by muscle tissue, regardless of the Pol-SCORE  or CV risk classes. Table 1. Variable Model 1 Model 2 Beta p R2 Beta p R2 Legs fat mass 0.746 <0.001 0.785 0.749 <0.001 0.760 Legs lean mass 0.479 <0.001 0.785 0.442 <0.001 0.760 Model 1: adjusted for Cardiovascular risk classesModel 2: adjusted for Pol-SCOREResults of the linear regression analysis thigh circumference in the general population Abstract Figure 1.

Reduced oxygenation but not fibrosis defined by functional magnetic resonance imaging predicts the long-term progression of chronic kidney disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 964-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kei Sugiyama ◽  
Tsutomu Inoue ◽  
Eito Kozawa ◽  
Masahiro Ishikawa ◽  
Akira Shimada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Bold Mri ◽  
Adc Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Rate Of Decline ◽  
Observation Period

Abstract Background Although chronic hypoxia and fibrosis may be a key to the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD), a noninvasive means of measuring these variables is not yet available. Here, using blood oxygen level–dependent (BOLD) and diffusion-weighted (DW) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we assessed changes in renal tissue oxygenation and fibrosis, respectively, and evaluated their correlation with prognosis for renal function. Methods The study was conducted under a single-center, longitudinal, retrospective observational design. We examined the prognostic significance of T2* values of BOLD-MRI and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values on DW-MRI and other clinical parameters. The rate of decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated by linear regression analysis using changes in eGFR during the observation period. Results A total of 91 patients were enrolled, with a mean age of 55.8 ± 15.6 years. Among patients, 51 (56.0%) were males and 38 (41.8%) had diabetes mellitus. The mean eGFR was 49.2 ± 28.9 mL/min/1.73 m2 and the mean observation period was 5.13 years. ADC values of DW-MRI but not T2* values of BOLD-MRI were well correlated with eGFR at the initial time point. The mean annual rate of decline in eGFR during the 5-year observation period was −1.92 ± 3.00 mL/min/1.73 m2. On multiple linear regression analysis, the rate of decline in eGFR was significantly correlated with eGFR at the start point, period average amount of proteinuria and T2* values, but not with ADC values (t = 2.980, P = 0.004). Conclusions Reduced oxygenation as determined by low T2* values on BOLD-MRI is a clinically useful marker of CKD progression.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Strategy of Percutaneous Transforaminal Endoscopic Decompression for Stenosis Associated With Adult Degenerative Scoliosis

2020 ◽  
pp. 219256822095903
Author(s):  
Lin-Yu Jin ◽  
Kun Wang ◽  
Zhen-Dong Lv ◽  
Xin-Jin Su ◽  
Hai-Ying Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Cobb Angle ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Lumbar Stenosis ◽  
Degenerative Scoliosis ◽  
Adult Degenerative Scoliosis ◽  
Lateral Subluxation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Transforaminal Endoscopic Surgery

Study Design: A retrospective study. Objective: To investigate the effects of percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic decompression (PTED) for lumbar stenosis associated with adult degenerative scoliosis and to analyze the correlation between preoperative radiological parameters and postoperative surgical outcomes. Methods: Two years of retrospective data was collected from 46 patients with lumbar stenosis associated with adult degenerative scoliosis who underwent PTED. The visual analog scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index, and modified MacNab criteria were used to evaluate the clinical outcomes. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the correlation between radiological parameters and surgical outcomes. Results: The mean age of the 33 female and 13 male patients was 73.5 ± 8.1 years. The mean follow-up was 27.6 ± 3.5 months (range from 24 to 36). The average coronal Cobb angle was 24.5 ± 8.2°. There were better outcomes of the VAS for leg pain and Oswestry Disability Index after surgery. Based on the MacNab criteria, excellent or good outcomes were noted in 84.78% of patients. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that Cobb angle and lateral olisthy may be the predictors for low back pain. Conclusion: Transforaminal endoscopic surgery may be an effective and safe method for geriatric patients with lumbar stenosis associated with degenerative scoliosis. The predictive factors of clinical outcomes were severe Cobb angle and high degree lateral subluxation. Transforaminal endoscopic surgery may not be recommended for patients with Cobb angle larger than 30° combined with lateral subluxation.

Chemical prediction of water activity in processed cheese

1989 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 665-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
María A. Esteban ◽  
Andrés Marcos
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Water Activity ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Regression Equation ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
The Mean

SummaryBy linear regression analysis, a highly significant negative correlation (r = −0·96) was found between the mean ash concentration values (g/100 g moisture) and water activity (aw) of six types of processed cheeses (low-fat, semi-fat, fat, extra-fat, double fat and special). The regression equation aw = 0·9951 − 0·0032* (ash), applied to 40 cheese samples, yielded aw values which differed by < 0·005 aw units from those measured experimentally in 75% of the samples. The maximum differences between the calculated and experimental aw values (found in only two samples) were ±0·01 aw units.

Oral Fluoride Measurements for Estimation of the Anti-caries Efficacy of Fluoride Treatments

1992 ◽  
Vol 71 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 836-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.M. Duckworth ◽  
S.N. Morgan ◽  
R.J. Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Response Behavior ◽  
Similar Dose ◽  
Recent Clinical Trial ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Zero Time

The aims of this work were (a) to assess the oral bioavailability of fluoride delivered from dentifrices and (b) to test for a possible link between the results and clinical data obtained with the same dentifrices. Oral fluoride concentrations were measured in samples of saliva and plaque taken from seven subjects, after use of dentifrices which contained 0, 1000, 1500, and 2500 μg F/g as sodium monofluorophosphate. Salivary fluoride in samples obtained within the first few hours after a single dentifrice application, or up to 20 h after four weeks' daily use, increased with increasing F content of the dentifrice. For example, the mean zero-time intercepts of the second phase of salivary fluoride clearance curves for the above dentifrices were 0.46, 1.48, 1.88, and 3.03 μmol F/L, respectively. Plaque fluoride measured after four weeks' daily use of the dentifrices exhibited similar dose-response behavior. Linear regression analysis showed these trends to be statistically significant for both saliva (p < 0.001) and plaque (p < 0.025). Mean saliva and plaque fluoride concentrations were inversely associated with mean three-year caries increments for the three fluoride-containing dentifrices obtained in a recent clinical trial: DMFS scores 6.80, 6.33, and 5.71, respectively (Stephen et al., 1988). This suggests that oral fluoride measurements are a valuable in vivo method for the evaluation of the potential anti-caries efficacy of fluoride-containing dental products.

scholarly journals Changes of the Macular Ganglion Cell-Inner Plexiform Layer Thickness after Cataract Surgery in Glaucoma Patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Cheol Roh ◽  
Choul Yong Park ◽  
Martha Kim
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Ganglion Cell ◽  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Plexiform Layer ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Inner Plexiform Layer ◽  
Postoperative Changes ◽  
The Mean

Purpose. To investigate the effect of uneventful cataract surgery on macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (mGC-IPL) thickness in glaucoma patients.Methods. This retrospective study included 65 eyes of 65 subjects who underwent uneventful cataract surgery, including 13 glaucoma eyes and 52 normal eyes. Using spectral domain optical coherence tomography, the mGC-IPL thickness was measured and compared between glaucoma and normal eyes preoperatively as well as 1 month and 3 months postoperatively. Linear regression analysis was used to determine the factors associated with postoperative change in mGC-IPL thickness.Results. The mean mGC-IPL significantly increased in both groups 1 month and 3 months after surgery (allPvalues equal to or less than 0.001). The postoperative changes between groups were not significantly different (P=0.171). In the multivariate regression analysis, preoperative mGC-IPL thickness showed a significant association with the change of average mGC-IPL thickness 1 month and 3 months after surgery (allPvalues < 0.001).Conclusions. The mean mGC-IPL thickness was increased after cataract surgery, and the postoperative mGC-IPL thickness changes were associated with preoperative mGC-IPL thickness in both groups and axial length in normal eye. The effects of cataract surgery on mean mGC-IPL thickness were not different in glaucomatous and normal eyes.

scholarly journals FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE LIFE SATISFACTION IN AL RESIDENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S236-S236
Author(s):  
Sarah Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Stepwise Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Stepwise Linear Regression ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Multidimensional Concept

Abstract Life satisfaction is a multidimensional concept that addresses a personal judgment of quality from the resident’s perspective. Components of life satisfaction include satisfaction related to health, the physical environment, relationships and activities. The purpose of this study was to test if there was a relationship between demographic factors, pain, falls, and use of psychotropics with life satisfaction. The sample included the first two cohorts from the FFC-AL-EIT study including 508 residents from 54 settings across Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Massachusetts. The majority of the participants were female (70%), white (97%) and the mean age was 87.72 (SD=7.47) . Based on a stepwise linear regression analysis there was a significant association between pain (r=-.20, p=.003) and psychotropic use (r=-.19, p=.003) and the model explained 11% of the variance in life satisfaction. Ongoing research is needed to consider the impact of the environment and staff-resident interactions on life satisfaction.

Four methods for determining uric acid compared with a candidate reference method.

1982 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 2098-2100 ◽  
Author(s):  
R J Elin ◽  
E Johnson ◽  
R Chesler
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Phosphotungstic Acid ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Acid Method ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Smac Method

Abstract Uric acid as measured in serum by three different uricase (EC 1.7.3.3) methods (aca, Ektachem, and SMAC) and by the SMAC method with phosphotungstic acid was compared with a candidate Reference Method for uric acid. Serum specimens from 83 patients (uric acid concentrations, 19 to 141 mg/L) were analyzed by all five methods. Results were compared by using linear regression analysis, and the mean difference between results by the candidate Reference Method and the four other methods was calculated. Compared with the candidate Reference Method, the aca method gave the smallest deviation from zero for the intercept and the smallest mean difference, and the SMAC phosphotungstic acid method showed a slope closest to unity. The SMAC uricase method had the largest intercept and greatest deviation of the slope from unity.

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