Leukocyte counts and lymphocyte responsiveness associated with repeated bouts of strenuous endurance exercise

2001 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 425-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ola Ronsen ◽  
Bente Klarlund Pedersen ◽  
Tone Rasmussen Øritsland ◽  
Roald Bahr ◽  
Jens Kjeldsen-Kragh
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Endurance Exercise ◽  
Bed Rest ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Single Bout ◽  
Leukocyte Counts ◽  
Carry Over ◽  
Carry Over Effect

This study compared leukocyte counts and lymphocyte responsiveness during and after a second bout of high-intensity endurance exercise on the same day with the response to a similar but single bout of exercise. Nine athletes participated in three 24-h trials: 1) rest in bed (Rest); 2) one bout of exercise (One); and 3) two bouts of exercise (Two). All bouts consisted of 75 min at ∼75% of maximal O2uptake on a cycle ergometer. Lymphocytes in whole blood were stimulated with monoclonal antibodies against CD2 and assessed by flow cytometry for expression of the early activation molecule CD69. The second bout of exercise in the Two trial was associated with significantly increased concentrations of total leukocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, CD4+, CD8+, and CD56+cells and a significantly decreased percentage of CD56+cells expressing CD69 compared with a single bout. Additionally, there was a significantly decreased CD69 fluorescence in CD56+cells postexercise. These differences suggest a “carry-over” effect in the immune system from a first to a second bout of exercise on the same day.

Enhanced plasma IL-6 and IL-1ra responses to repeated vs. single bouts of prolonged cycling in elite athletes

2002 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 2547-2553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ola Ronsen ◽  
Tor Lea ◽  
Roald Bahr ◽  
Bente Klarlund Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Endurance Exercise ◽  
Muscle Glycogen ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Glycogen Depletion ◽  
Single Bout ◽  
The Impact

The impact of repeated bouts of exercise on plasma levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) was examined. Nine well-trained men participated in four different 24-h trials: Long [two bouts of exercise, at 0800–0915 and afternoon exercise (Ex-A), separated by 6 h]; Short (two bouts, at 1100–1215 and Ex-A, separated by 3 h); One (single bout performed at the same Ex-A as second bout in prior trials); and Rest (no exercise). All exercise bouts were performed on a cycle ergometer at 75% of maximal O2uptake and lasted 75 min. Peak IL-6 observed at the end of Ex-A was significantly higher in Short (8.8 ± 1.3 pg/ml) than One (5.2 ± 0.7 pg/ml) but not compared with Long (5.9 ± 1.2 pg/ml). Peak IL-1ra observed 1 h postexercise was significantly higher in Short (1,774 ± 373 pg/ml) than One (302 ± 53 pg/ml) but not compared with Long (1,276 ± 451 pg/ml). We conclude that, when a second bout of endurance exercise is performed after only 3 h of recovery, IL-6 and IL-1ra responses are elevated. This may be linked to muscle glycogen depletion.

Recovery time affects immunoendocrine responses to a second bout of endurance exercise

2002 ◽  
Vol 283 (6) ◽  
pp. C1612-C1620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ola Ronsen ◽  
Jens Kjeldsen-Kragh ◽  
Egil Haug ◽  
Roald Bahr ◽  
Bente Klarlund Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Lymphocyte Activation ◽  
Exercise Bout ◽  
Bed Rest ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Endurance Athletes ◽  
Pronounced Increase ◽  
Ergometer Exercise ◽  
Leukocyte Counts ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Neuroendocrine Factors

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of different durations of rest between two bouts of exercise on immunoendocrine responses during and after the second bout of exercise. Nine endurance athletes participated in three 25-h trials: 1) complete bed rest (REST), 2) two bouts of exercise separated by 3 h of rest (SHORT), and 3) two bouts of exercise separated by 6 h of rest (LONG). Each cycle ergometer exercise bout lasted 75 min at 75% of maximal O2uptake. We observed a more pronounced increase in epinephrine, norepinephrine, adrenocorticotropic hormone, and cortisol, but not in growth hormone, and a larger neutrophilia and lymphocytopenia in connection with the second bout of exercise in trial SHORT compared with trial LONG. Lymphocyte activation was unaltered by the difference in rest protocol. In conclusion, a second bout of exercise elicited more pronounced change in neuroendocrine factors and leukocyte counts when preceded by 3 h of rest as opposed to 6 h of rest after the first bout of exercise.

Internalization of an Anti-Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Antibody by HEL Cells

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (02) ◽  
pp. 291-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenjiro Hamamoto ◽  
Shosaku Nomura ◽  
Masahiko Suzuki ◽  
Shigetoshi Ohga ◽  
Shirou Fukuhara
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Immunoelectron Microscopy ◽  
Surface Membrane ◽  
Intracellular Pool ◽  
Adhesion Proteins ◽  
Hel Cells

SummaryPlatelets are known to internalize monoclonal antibodies directed against the glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa complex. We investigated whether an antibody directed against this complex (NNKY 2-11) was transported from the surface membrane to the intracellular pool in HEL cells. Flow cytometry showed that the percent binding of NNKY 2-11 to the surface membrane of HEL cells was decreased after incubation for 24 h compared with 1 h, while the binding of an anti-GPIb antibody (NNKY 5-5) did not change. It did not seem likely that the GP Ilb/IIIa complex antibody was shed from the surface membrane of the HEL cells during incubation, because the medium conditioned by incubation with these cells for 24 h showed almost no binding to washed platelets. In addition, immunoelectron microscopy demonstrated that GP IIb/IIIa complex antibodies were incorporated into the intracellular pool of HEL cells and were associated with alpha granules. These findings indicated that an anti-GP IIb/IIIa antibody could be internalized by megakaryocytes, as has been previously shown with platelets, suggesting that megakaryocyte GP IIb/IIIa may act as a carrier for various adhesion proteins.

scholarly journals The Role of Monoclonal Antibodies in Smoldering and Newly Diagnosed Transplant-Eligible Multiple Myeloma

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 451
Author(s):  
Elena Zamagni ◽  
Paola Tacchetti ◽  
Paola Deias ◽  
Francesca Patriarca
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Survival Outcomes ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Cellular Targets ◽  
Recent Introduction

The recent introduction of monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs), with several cellular targets, such as CD-38 (daratumumab and isatuximab) and SLAM F7 (elotuzumab), differently combined with other classes of agents, has significantly extended the outcomes of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) in different phases of the disease. Initially used in advanced/refractory patients, different MoAbs combination have been introduced in the treatment of newly diagnosed transplant eligible patients (NDTEMM), showing a significant improvement in the depth of the response and in survival outcomes, without a significant price in terms of toxicity. In smoldering MM, MoAbs have been applied, either alone or in combination with other drugs, with the goal of delaying the progression to active MM and restoring the immune system. In this review, we will focus on the main results achieved so far and on the main on-going trials using MoAbs in SMM and NDTEMM.

scholarly journals Contribution of Flow Cytometry to Acute Leukemia Classification in Tunisia

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 131-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Feki ◽  
H. El Omri ◽  
M. A. Laatiri ◽  
S. Ennabli ◽  
K. Boukef ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Tunisian Population ◽  
Acute Leukemias ◽  
Flow Cytometric Method ◽  
Technical Innovations ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Sahel Region ◽  
Cluster Of Differentiation

The precision of immunological characterization of leukemias was improved by a certain number of technical innovations, particularly hybridoma production and standardization, resulting in monoclonal antibodies and definition of recognised cellular antigens (designated by CD: Cluster of Differentiation).The aim of this work was to determine the immunophenotyping profile of patients with leukemia, by means of a flow cytometric method: 66 blood samples coming from leukemic persons in the Sahel region were studied by flow cytometry, using about thirty monoclonal antibodies all marked with a fluorochrome, in one or two colour systems to assess their distribution according to type (lymphoid B or T / myeloid) and age, and to search for possible co-expressions of markers of different lineages.The marked preponderance of childhood B-ALL in our series is, at least partly, attributable to the age distribution of the Tunisian population. In agreement with studies from other countries, the majority of AML cases occurred among adults. A high proportion of AML cases in our series co-expressed markers of other lineages. Overall, accurate classification of acute leukemias was possible from a simple peripheral blood sample in 62 of 66 cases (93.9%).

Surface chemistry modification of silica nanoparticles alters the activation of monocytes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romina Mitarotonda ◽  
Martín Saraceno ◽  
Marcos Todone ◽  
Exequiel Giorgi ◽  
Emilio L Malchiodi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Membrane Damage ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Cell Membrane Damage ◽  
Study Materials ◽  
Therapeutic Molecules ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Aim: Nanoparticles (NPs) interaction with immune system is a growing topic of study. Materials & methods: Bare and amine grafted silica NPs effects on monocytes/macrophages cells were analyzed by flow cytometry, MTT test and LIVE/DEAD® viability/cytotoxicity assay. Results: Bare silica NPs inhibited proliferation and induced monocyte/macrophages activation (increasing CD40/CD80 expression besides pro-inflammatory cytokines and nitrite secretion). Furthermore, silica NPs increased cell membrane damage and reduced the number of living cells. In contrast, amine grafted silica NPs did not alter these parameters. Conclusion: Cell activation properties of bare silica NPs could be hindered after grafting with amine moieties. This strategy is useful to tune the immune system stimulation by NPs or to design NPs suitable to transport therapeutic molecules.

scholarly journals Cytotoxicity of Environmentally Relevant Concentrations of Aluminum in Murine Thymocytes and Lymphocytes

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamal Kamalov ◽  
David O. Carpenter ◽  
Irina Birman
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Dna Binding ◽  
Aluminum Chloride ◽  
Cell Swelling ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Minute Exposure ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Dose Dependent

The effects of low concentrations of aluminum chloride on thymocytes and lymphocytes acutely dissociated from young mice were studied using flow cytometry with a DNA-binding dye. We demonstrate a rapid and dose-dependent injury in murine thymocytes and lymphocytes resulting from exposure to aluminum, as indicated by an increase in the entry into the cell of the DNA-binding dye, propidium iodine. A 60-minute exposure to 10 μM AlCl3caused damage of about 5% of thymocytes, while 50% were injured after 10 minutes at 20 μM. Nearly all thymocytes showed evidence of damage at 30 μM AlCl3after only 5 minutes of incubation. In lymphocytes, injury was observed at 15 μM AlCl3and less than 50% of cells were injured after a 60-minute exposure to 20 μM. Injury only rarely proceeded to rapid cell death and was associated with cell swelling. These results suggest that aluminum has cytotoxic effects on cells of the immune system.

Mouse Monoclonal Antibodies Against Human c-Mpl and Characterization for Flow Cytometry Applications

Hybridoma ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Abbott ◽  
Guo Huang ◽  
Aaron R. Ellison ◽  
Ching Chen ◽  
Taruna Arora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies
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