High intensity interval training alters substrate utilization and reduces oxygen consumption in the heart

2011 ◽  
Vol 111 (5) ◽  
pp. 1235-1241 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Hafstad ◽  
N. T. Boardman ◽  
J. Lund ◽  
M. Hagve ◽  
A. M. Khalid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Substrate Utilization ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Cardiac Efficiency ◽  
High Intensity Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Intensity Training

Aims: although exercise training induces hypertrophy with improved contractile function, the effect of exercise on myocardial substrate metabolism and cardiac efficiency is less clear. High intensity training has been shown to produce more profound effects on cardiovascular function and aerobic capacity than isocaloric low and moderate intensity training. The aim of the present study was to explore metabolic and mechanoenergetic changes in the heart following endurance exercise training of both high and moderate intensity. Methods and Results: C57BL/6J mice were subjected to 10 wk treadmill running, either high intensity interval training (HIT) or distance-matched moderate intensity training (MIT), where HIT led to a pronounced increase in maximal oxygen uptake. Although both modes of exercise were associated with a 10% increase in heart weight-to-body weight ratio, only HIT altered cardiac substrate utilization, as revealed by a 36% increase in glucose oxidation and a concomitant reduction in fatty acid oxidation. HIT also improved cardiac efficiency by decreasing work-independent myocardial oxygen consumption. In addition, it increased cardiac maximal mitochondrial respiratory capacity. Conclusion: This study shows that high intensity training is required for induction of changes in cardiac substrate utilization and energetics, which may contribute to the superior effects of high compared with moderate intensity training in terms of increasing aerobic capacity.

High-intensity interval exercise induces 24-h energy expenditure similar to traditional endurance exercise despite reduced time commitment

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 845-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren E. Skelly ◽  
Patricia C. Andrews ◽  
Jenna B. Gillen ◽  
Brian J. Martin ◽  
Michael E. Percival ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Time Commitment ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Intensity Training

Subjects performed high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and continuous moderate-intensity training (END) to evaluate 24-h oxygen consumption. Oxygen consumption during HIIT was lower versus END; however, total oxygen consumption over 24 h was similar. These data demonstrate that HIIT and END induce similar 24-h energy expenditure, which may explain the comparable changes in body composition reported despite lower total training volume and time commitment.

The Effects of Sport-Specific Drills Training or High-Intensity Interval Training in Young Tennis Players

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Fernandez-Fernandez ◽  
David Sanz ◽  
Jose Manuel Sarabia ◽  
Manuel Moya
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Aerobic Performance ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
High Intensity Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Intensity Training

Purpose:To compare the effects of combining high-intensity training (HIT) and sport-specific drill training (MT) versus sportspecific drill training alone (DT) on fitness performance characteristics in young tennis players.Methods:Twenty young tennis players (14.8 ± 0.1 y) were assigned to either DT (n = 10) or MT (n = 10) for 8 wk. Tennis drills consisted of two 16- to 22-min on-court exercise sessions separated by 3 min of passive rest, while MT consisted of 1 sport-specific DT session and 1 HIT session, using 16–22 min of runs at intensities (90–95%) related to the velocity obtained in the 30–15 Intermittent Fitness Test (VIFT) separated by 3 min of passive rest. Pre- and posttests included peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), VIFT, speed (20 m, with 5- and 10-m splits), 505 Agility Test, and countermovement jump (CMJ).Results:There were significant improvements after the training period in VO2peak (DT 2.4%, ES = moderate; MT 4.2%, ES = large) and VIFT (DT 2.2%, ES = small; MT 6.3%, ES = large) for both DT and MT, with no differences between training protocols. Results also showed a large increase in the 505 Agility Test after MT, while no changes were reported in the other tests (sprint and CMJ), either for MT or DT.Conclusions:Even though both training programs resulted in significant improvements in aerobic performance, a mixed program combining tennis drills and runs based on the VIFT led to greater gains and should be considered the preferred training method for improving aerobic power in young athletes.

scholarly journals Effects of Moderate- versus Mixed-Intensity Training on VO2peak in Young Well-Trained Rowers

Sports ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Timo Kirchenberger ◽  
Sascha Ketelhut ◽  
Reinhard G. Ketelhut
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Test ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Rowing Performance ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Intensity Training

The effects of moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) and a combination of MICT and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on rowing performance and VO2peak were investigated in young athletes. Seventeen well-trained rowers (aged 15 ± 1.3 years) were randomly allocated to an intervention (IG) (n = 10) and control group (CG) (n = 7). During 8 weeks, both groups took part in the regular rowing training (3×/week MICT, 70–90 min, 65–70% of HRpeak + 2×/week resistance training). The IG completed an additional high-intensity interval training twice weekly (2 × 4 × 2 min at ≈95% of HRpeak, 60 s rest). Instead of the HIIT, the CG completed two more MICT sessions (70–90 min, 65–70% of HRpeak). Before and after the intervention, a 2000 m time trial and an exercise test were performed. The IG showed a significant improvement (p = 0.001) regarding the absolute rowing time in the graded exercise test. Furthermore, the intervention group showed a significant increase in relative VO2peak (p = 0.023), a significant increase in absolute VO2peak (p = 0.036), and a significant improvement in the 2000 m time trail (p = 0.003). No significant changes could be detected in the CG. The interaction effects were not significant. A mixed-intensity training, including HIIT, was beneficial on rowing performance and VO2peak in highly trained athletes.

scholarly journals A pilot study examining the effects of low-volume high-intensity interval training and continuous low to moderate intensity training on quality of life, functional capacity and cardiovascular risk factors in cancer survivors

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e2613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kellie Toohey ◽  
Kate L. Pumpa ◽  
Leonard Arnolda ◽  
Julie Cooke ◽  
Desmond Yip ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Intensity Training

PurposeThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of low-volume high-intensity interval training and continuous low to moderate intensity training on quality of life, functional capacity and cardiovascular disease risk factors in cancer survivors.MethodsCancer survivors within 24 months post-diagnosis were randomly assigned into the low-volume high-intensity interval training group (n = 8) or the continuous low to moderate intensity training group (n = 8) group for 36 sessions (12 weeks) of supervised exercise. The low-volume high-intensity interval training (LVHIIT) group performed 7 × 30 s intervals (≥85% maximal heart rate) and the continuous low to moderate intensity training (CLMIT) group performed continuous aerobic training for 20 min (≤55% maximal heart rate) on a stationary bike or treadmill.ResultsSignificant improvements (time) were observed for 13 of the 23 dependent variables (ES 0.05–0.61,p ≤ 0.05). An interaction effect was observed for six minute walk test (18.53% [32.43–4.63] ES 0.50,p ≤ 0.01) with the LVHIIT group demonstrating greater improvements.ConclusionThese preliminary findings suggest that both interventions can induce improvements in quality of life, functional capacity and selected cardiovascular disease risk factors. The LVHIIT program was well tolerated by the participants and our results suggest that LVHIIT is the preferred modality to improve fitness (6MWT); it remains to be seen which intervention elicits the most clinically relevant outcomes for patients. A larger sample size with a control group is required to confirm the significance of these findings.

Standardized Versus Customized High-Intensity Training: Effects on Cycling Performance

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoit Capostagno ◽  
Michael I. Lambert ◽  
Robert P. Lamberts
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Heart Rate Recovery ◽  
Time Trial ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Cycling Performance ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Intensity Training

Purpose:To determine whether a submaximal cycling test could be used to monitor and prescribe high-intensity interval training (HIT).Methods:Two groups of male cyclists completed 4 HIT sessions over a 2-wk period. The structured-training group (SG; n = 8, VO2max = 58.4 ± 4.2 mL · min−1 · kg−1) followed a predetermined training program while the flexible-training group (FG; n = 7, VO2max = 53.9 ± 5.0 mL · min−1 · kg−1) had the timing of their HIT sessions prescribed based on the data of the Lamberts and Lambert Submaximal Cycle Test (LSCT).Results:Effect-size calculations showed large differences in the improvements in 40-km time-trial performance after the HIT training between SG (8 ± 45 s) and FG (48 ± 42 s). Heart-rate recovery, monitored during the study, tended to increase in FG and remain unchanged in SG.Conclusions:The results of the current study suggest that the LSCT may be a useful tool for coaches to monitor and prescribe HIT.

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