A Dietary Key to Uncovering Aging Processes

Physiology ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 157-160
Author(s):  
EJ Masoro
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Data Base ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Human Aging ◽  
Laboratory Rodents ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Reducing Energy

Reducing energy intake of laboratory rodents extends life span by retarding aging processes. This manipulation provides gerontologists with a powerful tool for studying the nature of aging processes. It also yields a data base of potential use for the development of interventions in human aging.

Consuming eggs for breakfast influences plasma glucose and ghrelin, while reducing energy intake during the next 24 hours in adult men

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Ratliff ◽  
Jose O. Leite ◽  
Ryan de Ogburn ◽  
Michael J. Puglisi ◽  
Jaci VanHeest ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Reducing Energy

Effect of Forage:Concentrate Ratios in the diet and Intake Restriction on the Rumen Fermentation and Hormone Profiles of Finishing Beef Steers.

1994 ◽  
Vol 1994 ◽  
pp. 69-69
Author(s):  
C.L. Thorp ◽  
R.W.J. Steen ◽  
A.R.G. Wylie ◽  
J.D. McEvoy ◽  
C. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Reducing Energy

Studies have shown that reducing energy intake by restricting dry matter intake (DMI) at a constant forage: concentrate (F:C) ratio is more effective at increasing carcass lean and reducing carcass fat content than is reducing energy intake by increasing the F:C ratio (1). Research at this Institute has also shown that, per megajoule of digestible energy (DE), diets restricted in this manner are 45 % more efficient at producing carcass lean.The mechanism by which these methods of restriction result in these differences in carcass composition has previously been assumed to be that of rumen fermentation. More recently however, the significance of rumen fermentation in controlling the carcass composition of beef cattle has been questioned (2,3).The aim of this experiment was to examine the effect of decreasing the F:C ratio, at constant DE and DMI, on both rumen and endocrinological parameters, in particular the hormones insulin and insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), in finishing beef steers.

scholarly journals Chronic hindbrain administration of oxytocin is sufficient to elicit weight loss in diet-induced obese rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 313 (4) ◽  
pp. R357-R371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary S. Roberts ◽  
Tami Wolden-Hanson ◽  
Miles E. Matsen ◽  
Vitaly Ryu ◽  
Cheryl H. Vaughan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Sustained Weight Loss ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Rats And Mice ◽  
Reducing Energy

Oxytocin (OT) administration elicits weight loss in diet-induced obese (DIO) rodents, nonhuman primates, and humans by reducing energy intake and increasing energy expenditure. Although the neurocircuitry underlying these effects remains uncertain, OT neurons in the paraventricular nucleus are positioned to control both energy intake and sympathetic nervous system outflow to interscapular brown adipose tissue (BAT) through projections to the hindbrain nucleus of the solitary tract and spinal cord. The current work was undertaken to examine whether central OT increases BAT thermogenesis, whether this effect involves hindbrain OT receptors (OTRs), and whether such effects are associated with sustained weight loss following chronic administration. To assess OT-elicited changes in BAT thermogenesis, we measured the effects of intracerebroventricular administration of OT on interscapular BAT temperature in rats and mice. Because fourth ventricular (4V) infusion targets hindbrain OTRs, whereas third ventricular (3V) administration targets both forebrain and hindbrain OTRs, we compared responses to OT following chronic 3V infusion in DIO rats and mice and chronic 4V infusion in DIO rats. We report that chronic 4V infusion of OT into two distinct rat models recapitulates the effects of 3V OT to ameliorate DIO by reducing fat mass. While reduced food intake contributes to this effect, our finding that 4V OT also increases BAT thermogenesis suggests that increased energy expenditure may contribute as well. Collectively, these findings support the hypothesis that, in DIO rats, OT action in the hindbrain evokes sustained weight loss by reducing energy intake and increasing BAT thermogenesis.

scholarly journals Inconsistencies in the assessment of food intake

2012 ◽  
Vol 303 (12) ◽  
pp. E1408-E1418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen C. Woods ◽  
Wolfgang Langhans
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Direct Proportion ◽  
Heated Debate ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Reducing Energy

Many peptides and other compounds that influence metabolism also influence food intake, and numerous hypotheses explaining the observed effects in terms of energy homeostasis have been suggested over the years. For example, cholecystokinin (CCK), a duodenal peptide secreted during meals that aids in digestion, also reduces ongoing food intake, thereby contributing to satiation; and insulin and leptin, hormones secreted in direct proportion to body fat, act in the brain to help control adiposity by reducing energy intake. These behavioral actions are often considered to be hard-wired, such that negative experiments, in which an administered compound fails to have its purported effect, are generally disregarded. In point of fact, failures to replicate the effects of compounds on food intake are commonplace, and this occurs both between and within laboratories. Failures to replicate have historically fueled heated debate about the efficacy and/or normal function of one or another compound, leading to confusion and ambiguity in the literature. We review these phenomena and their implications and argue that, rather than eliciting hard-wired behavioral responses in the maintenance of homeostasis, compounds that alter food intake are subjected to numerous influences that can render them completely ineffective at times and that a major reason for this variance is that food intake is not under stringent homeostatic control.

Biological Aging and Longevity: Underlying Mechanisms and Potential Intervention Strategies

1994 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 304-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
George T. Baker ◽  
George R. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Physiological Function ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Biological Aging ◽  
Human Aging ◽  
Experimental Paradigm ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Physiological Fitness ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Aging is characterized by numerous physical, physiological, biochemical, and molecular changes. The rates at which aging processes occur are highly variable among individuals and are thought to be governed by both environmental and genetic factors. Lifestyle factors such as exercise, dietary, and smoking habits have been demonstrated to alter many of the changes usually associated with human aging. However, at present caloric restriction is the only experimental paradigm that has consistently been demonstrated in animal models to extend not only physiological vigor but also life span. The positive effects of exercise on physiological fitness and the reduction in the risks of certain diseases have been well documented. However, its effects on life span are not as clear. This article explores some of the basic mechanisms thought to be involved causally in the processes of aging, and outlines current and potential interventive strategies to retard or ameliorate the rates of decline in physiological function with advancing age.

scholarly journals Potential Use of Saraca Asoca in the Management of Artavadushti w.s.r. to Menstrual Disorders in Modern Era

2021 ◽  
pp. 69-73
Author(s):  
Sushma ◽  
L.P. Yadava
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Bleeding Disorders ◽  
Menstrual Disorders ◽  
Saraca Asoca ◽  
The Family ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Potential Use

Progress of a family depends on health of women in the family because she is the only creature who has amazing power of creation. A woman suffers from various menstrual disorders (Artavadushti) in her life span. Ashoka (Saraca indica or Saraca asoca (Roxb.), belonging to the family Caesalpinioideae, is one of the most important herb extensively used in bleeding disorders in women throughout her active reproductive period. Ashoka means no grief in Sanskrit language. So it is also called as “friend of women” because it has reputation of its bark for retaining a woman healthy and youthful. Chemically, it contains glycosides, flavonoids, tannins and saponins. Its actions are spasmogenic, uterotonic, oxytocic, antibacterial, antit-umour, anti-implantations, anti-progestational and anti-estrogenic to fight against menorrhagia, leucorrhoea and anticancer. In view of these properties and also its Rasa, Guna, Veerya, Vipaka it can be used in the treatment of bleeding gynaecological diseases.

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