scholarly journals Microstructural Study of ZnO Nanostructures by Rietveld Analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Pola-Albores ◽  
Francisco Paraguay-Delgado ◽  
Wilber Antúnez-Flores ◽  
Patricia Amézaga-Madrid ◽  
Edna Ríos-Valdovinos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zno Nanorods ◽  
Grazing Incidence ◽  
Rietveld Analysis ◽  
Zinc Nitrate ◽  
Bragg Condition ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Microstructural Study ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Textured Materials ◽  
Scanning Electron

ZnO nanorods were synthesized by induced seeds by chemical bath deposition using hexamethylenetetramine (HMT) as a precipitant agent and zinc nitrate (ZN) as Zn2+source at 90°C. The influence of reactants ratio was studied from 2 to 0.25 ZN/HMT molar. The results obtained by scanning electron microscopy confirm that the diameter of nanorods was affected directly by the concentration of both zinc and OH−sources. Nanotubes (hollow nanorods) were obtained with high HMT concentrations and were turning over nanorods as HMT concentration decreased. Microstructural information was obtained by Rietveld refinement of grazing incidence X-ray diffraction data. These results evidence low-textured materials with oriented volumes less than 18% coming from (101) planes in Bragg condition.

Effect of Annealing Temperature on ZnO Nanorods Prepared by Hydrothermal Process

2014 ◽  
Vol 979 ◽  
pp. 204-207
Author(s):  
Araya Mungchamnankit ◽  
Pitak Eiamchai ◽  
Chanunthorn Chananonnawathorn ◽  
Saksorn Limwichean ◽  
Mati Horprathum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Zno Nanorods ◽  
Hydrothermal Process ◽  
Grazing Incidence ◽  
Zinc Nitrate ◽  
Nitrate Hexahydrate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Annealing Temperatures ◽  
Hexagonal Shape

We presented the effect of annealing temperature on nanocrystallite growth toward zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods based on the hydrothermal process. The hydrothermal growths of the ZnO nanorods were prepared with zinc nitrate hexahydrate and hexamethylenetetramine solution at 90°C for 6 hours. The structural, morphological, optical, and anti-bacterial properties of the ZnO nanorods, prepared at different annealing temperatures, were characterized by grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The GIXRD patterns of the ZnO nanorods corresponded to the wurtzite structure. The FE-SEM results showed that the prepared ZnO nanorods were in the form of the hexagonal shape. The anti-bacterial behaviors of suspension of ZnO nanorods against Escherichia coli (gram-negative) would be discussed in this paper.

Rectifying Behavior of Aligned ZnO Nanorods on Mg0.3Zn0.7O Thin Film Template

2011 ◽  
Vol 364 ◽  
pp. 35-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salina Muhamad ◽  
Abu Bakar Suriani ◽  
Mohamad Hafiz Mamat ◽  
Rafidah Ahmad ◽  
Mohamad Rusop
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Zno Nanorods ◽  
Thermionic Emission ◽  
Deposition Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hexagonal Shape ◽  
Semiconductor Junction ◽  
Vertically Aligned ◽  
Scanning Electron

Rectifying behavior more than 3 orders of aligned zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods grown on Mg0.3Zn0.7O thin film template using chemical bath deposition method was observed, giving a barrier height of 0.75 eV, and the ideality factor achieved was almost 6, which was analyzed using thermionic emission theory. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) images revealed that the grown ZnO was in hexagonal shape, uniformly distributed and in vertically aligned form. The crystallinity of the sample being studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), where the highest peak was found at (002) phase, confirming that high crytallinity of ZnO was attained. The effect of metal/semiconductor junction between metal and aligned ZnO nanorods was discussed in further details.

The Effect of Stabiliser’s Molarity to the Growth of ZnO Nanorods

2011 ◽  
Vol 312-315 ◽  
pp. 99-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuraida Khusaimi ◽  
Mohamad Hafiz Mamat ◽  
Mohd Zainizan Sahdan ◽  
Norbani Abdullah ◽  
Mohamad Rusop
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Zno Nanorods ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Zinc Nitrate ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Nitrate Hexahydrate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wet Chemical ◽  
Gel Preparation

A wet chemical approach, originating from sol-gel preparation, was adopted with the intention to develop a low-temperature benign method of preparation. ZnO nanorods are successfully grown in an aqueous medium. The precursor, zinc nitrate hexahydrate (Zn(NO3)2.6H2O), is stabilized by hexamethylene tetraamine (HMTA). The effect of changing the molarity of HMTA to the structural orientation of ZnO nanorods is investigated. X-ray diffraction of the synthesized ZnO shows hexagonal zincite structure. The structural features of the nanocrystalline ZnO were studied by SEM. Structural features, surface morphology and differences in lattice orientation are seemingly influenced by varying the Zn2+: HMTA molar ratio. The formation of ZnO nanorods with blunt and sharp tips is found to be significantly affected by this ratio.

scholarly journals Study of selection and purification of Brazilian bentonite clay by elutriation: a XRF, SEM and Rietveld analysis

Cerâmica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (361) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Alves ◽  
A. E. Zanini ◽  
M. E. de Souza ◽  
M. L. F. Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Rietveld Method ◽  
Bentonite Clay ◽  
Rietveld Analysis ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract Clays obtained from nature have a lot of impurities. Therefore, for best using of these materials, it is necessary its selection and purification. Thus, the aim of this work is to separate and to purify the smectite fractions using water as a solvent at a low flux mixed with a bentonite clay extracted from a mine in Vitória da Conquista - Bahia / Brazil. For this a separation method of fractions of expandable clays based on the Stokes' Law was applied - this process is called elutriation, in order to ensure and to expand possible industrial applications of this material. The samples were characterized by analysis of X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence and scanning electron microscopy. The Rietveld method enabled the quantification of main phase minerals: montmorillonite, kaolinite, nontronite and quartz, reaching 85% in mass of montmorillonite phase at the end of the process. Results showed that the method used was efficient to remove almost all quartz, carbonates and organic matter from the sample. It was also observed a monomodal grain size distribution of elutriated materials with thinner grains, around (18.1 ± 1.8) μm at the end of the process. It has been concluded that the method developed and applied showed promising characters to be applied to elutriate kilograms of clays and could be used in industrial scale.

Synthesis of ZnO Nanorods with Tunable Aspect Ratio

2012 ◽  
Vol 724 ◽  
pp. 205-208
Author(s):  
Li Yan Zhang ◽  
Fen Wang ◽  
Jian Feng Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Zno Nanorods ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Preferred Direction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

ZnO nanorods were prepared by heat treating of aqueous zinc acetate treated with organic of PVA. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results indicate that the as synthesized ZnO are hexagonal wurtzite nanorods with the maximum aspect ratio of 10:1 (100 nm in diameter and about 1 μm in length). The morphology of nanorods was formed by the regulation of appropriate organic under a pH value of 8.5. The growth mechanism of ZnO is proposed that the nanocrystals grow along a preferred direction in a growth tunnel provided by organics.

Preparation and Characterization of ZnO Nanostructures with Different Precursors via Solochemical Technique

2011 ◽  
Vol 121-126 ◽  
pp. 1813-1817
Author(s):  
Marivone Gusatti ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Maduro de Campos ◽  
Gilvan Sérgio Barroso ◽  
Daniel Aragão Ribeiro de Souza ◽  
Humberto Gracher Riella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Reaction ◽  
Zinc Chloride ◽  
Hexagonal Wurtzite Structure ◽  
Rietveld Analysis ◽  
Zinc Nitrate ◽  
Zinc Nitrate Hexahydrate ◽  
Nitrate Hexahydrate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Zno Nanocrystals

In this work, the precursors zinc nitrate hexahydrate and zinc chloride were used to synthesize zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals, applying a simple solochemical technique. ZnO rod-like nanostructures were successfully obtained by chemical reaction between NaOH and zinc nitrate hexahydrate at 90 °C. The sample formed by chemical reaction between NaOH and zinc chloride at 90 °C showed the ZnO phase mixed with the Zn5(OH)8Cl2•H2O phase. Only after thermal treatment at 500 °C for 3 hours, the conversion of Zn5(OH)8Cl2•H2O in ZnO was achieved. The samples prepared with different precursors were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Rietveld analysis to the X-ray diffraction data indicated that ZnO nanocrystals obtained have hexagonal wurtzite structure and nanometric-sized crystallites.

Hydrothermal Growth of ZnO Nanorods along the Ultra-Thin ZnO Seed Layer Prepared by Magnetron Sputtering

2016 ◽  
Vol 675-676 ◽  
pp. 130-133
Author(s):  
Wissawat Sakulsaknimitr ◽  
Kanyakorn Teanchai ◽  
Mati Horprathum ◽  
Chanunthorn Chananonnawathorn ◽  
Saksorn Limwichean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Seed Layer ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Zno Nanorods ◽  
Annealing Treatment ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Seed Layers

ZnO nanorods were grown on magnetron sputtered ultra-thin ZnO seed layers through a hydrothermal method. Before ZnO nanorods growth, the ultra-thin ZnO seed layer has been annealed at temperatures ranging from 100 to 400°C in air. The influence of annealing treatment on the crystalline structure of the ultra-thin ZnO seed layers has been investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The size and density of final prepared ZnO nanorods were investigated by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). It was found that the length and the aspect ratio of the ZnOnanorods can be readily tuned by control of the ZnO ultra-thin seeds layer which results from the annealing treatment process.

Enhanced photobactericidal activity of ZnO nanorods modified by meso-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin under visible LED lamp irradiation

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
pp. 1249-1254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahmatollah Rahimi ◽  
Javad Shokraiyan ◽  
Mahboubeh Rabbani ◽  
Fatemeh Fayyaz
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance ◽  
Zno Nanorods ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Template Free ◽  
Inorganic Composite ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Better Than

In this study, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods have been synthesized using a simple template-free precipitation technique and deposited on glass substrate. The meso-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin (TPPS) has been synthesized and then immobilized on the surface of ZnO nanorods to prepare an organic/inorganic composite. The samples were characterized by various techniques such as X-ray diffraction, diffuse reflectance spectra, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. In addition, the photobactericidal activity of TPPS/ZnO composite, TPPS and ZnO nanorods was tested against the pathogenic bacterium of Escherichia coli under visible LED lamp irradiation. The results indicate that the photobactericidal activity of TPPS-loaded ZnO nanorods was better than TPPS or ZnO nanorods, separately.

Fabrication of La Doped ZnO Nanorods via a Solvothermal Route

2009 ◽  
Vol 620-622 ◽  
pp. 529-532
Author(s):  
Tie Kun Jia ◽  
Wei Min Wang ◽  
Zheng Yi Fu ◽  
Fei Huang ◽  
Hao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Zno Nanorods ◽  
Photocatalytic Property ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Doped Zno ◽  
La Doped ◽  
Scanning Electron

La doped ZnO nanorods were synthesized via solvothermal technique using Zn(AC)2 and La(NO3)3 as starting materials. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) equipped with an energy dispersion X–ray (EDX) spectrometer, photoluminescence spectroscopy and UV-vis spectroscopy. The results of XRD in combination with EDS indicated that La was successful doped in ZnO. The obtained La doped ZnO sample exhibited nanorod like morphology and the diameter was about 30 nm. The photocatalytic property of La doped ZnO was evaluated by the variation of the concentration of RhB.

Substrate Effect on Well-Aligned ZnO Nanorods Growth Using a Low Temperature Solution Method

2015 ◽  
Vol 1109 ◽  
pp. 491-494
Author(s):  
J. Rouhi ◽  
M.H. Mamat ◽  
Kevin Alvin Eswar ◽  
F.S. Husairi ◽  
Salman A.H. Alrokayan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Solution Method ◽  
Zno Nanorods ◽  
Substrate Effect ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Radio Frequency Sputtering ◽  
Temperature Solution ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Seed Layers

The effect of various substrates on the morphology of ZnO nanorods synthesized by a low temperature solution method has been investigated. ZnO seed layers on the substrates were prepared by radio-frequency sputtering. ZnO nanorods have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM. FESEM results showed that hexagon-shaped ZnO nanorods with a diameter in the range of 30 nm to 80 nm and a length of about 1 μm were formed. The sharp (0002) peak in the XRD spectra indicates that the synthesized nanorods are single crystalline, grown along the [0001] direction. These findings have shown that the morphology of ZnO nanorods strongly depend on the substrate.

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