scholarly journals Switching to Aripiprazole as a Strategy for Weight Reduction: A Meta-Analysis in Patients Suffering from Schizophrenia

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoram Barak ◽  
Dov Aizenberg
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Treatment Strategy ◽  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Significant Finding ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity ◽  
Induce Weight Gain

Weight gain is one of the major drawbacks associated with the pharmacological treatment of schizophrenia. Existing strategies for the prevention and treatment of obesity amongst these patients are disappointing. Switching the current antipsychotic to another that may favorably affect weight is not yet fully established in the psychiatric literature. This meta-analysis focused on switching to aripiprazole as it has a pharmacological and clinical profile that may result in an improved weight control. Nine publications from seven countries worldwide were analyzed. These encompassed 784 schizophrenia and schizoaffective patients, 473 (60%) men and 311 (40%) women, mean age years. The major significant finding was a mean weight reduction by  kgs following the switch to aripiprazole (). Switching to an antipsychotic with a lower propensity to induce weight gain needs be explored as a strategy. Our analysis suggests aripiprazole as a candidate for such a treatment strategy.

scholarly journals Pharmacological Treatment of Obesity in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Kahal ◽  
Stephen L. Atkin ◽  
Thozhukat Sathyapalan
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common disorder affecting women of reproductive age and it is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Obesity plays an important role in the pathogenesis of PCOS, and the majority of patients with PCOS are obese. Over the last 20 years, the prevalence of obesity has dramatically increased, with probable associated increase in PCOS. Weight reduction plays an integral part in the management of women with PCOS. In this paper, current available weight reduction therapies in the management of PCOS are discussed.

The pharmacological treatment of obesity: Past, present and future

2012 ◽  
Vol 153 (10) ◽  
pp. 363-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gábor Simonyi ◽  
Gyula Pados ◽  
Mihály Medvegy ◽  
J. Róbert Bedros
Keyword(s):  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Pharmacological Therapy ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Induce Weight Loss ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity ◽  
Obesity Drugs

Currently, obesity presents one of the biggest health problems. Management strategies for weight reduction in obese individuals include changes in life style such as exercise and diet, behavioral therapy, and pharmacological treatment, and in certain cases surgical intervention. Diet and exercise are best for both prevention and treatment, but both require much discipline and are difficult to maintain. Drug treatment of obesity offer a possible adjunct, but it may only have modest results, limited by side effects; furthermore, the weight lowering effects last only as long as the drug is being taken and, unfortunately, as soon as the administration is stopped, the weight is regained. These strategies should be used in a combination for higher efficacy. Drugs used to induce weight loss have various effects: they increase satiety, reduce the absorption of nutrients or make metabolism faster; but their effect is usually moderate. In the past, several drugs were used in the pharmacological therapy of weight reduction including thyroid hormone, dinitrophenol, amphetamines and their analogues, e.g. fenfluramine, At present, only orlistat is available in the long term treatment (≥24 weeks) of obesity as sibutramine and rimonabant were withdrawn form the market. Several new anti-obesity drugs are being tested at present, and liraglutide, a GLP-1 analogue (incretin mimetic), is the most promising one. Orv. Hetil., 2012, 153, 363–373.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Adjunctive Treatments Added to Olanzapine or Clozapine for Weight Control in Patients with Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Jung Choi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Meta Analyses

Objectives. This study was conducted to review systematically adjunctive treatments for weight reduction in patients with schizophrenia and compare efficacies of clinical trials through meta-analysis, so as to provide effective clinical guideline regarding weight control for patients taking atypical antipsychotics.Methods. Candidate clinical trials were identified through searching the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, and PsycINFO. Fourteen randomized clinical trials were included for systematic review and meta-analysis from 132 potential trials. The Comprehensive Meta-Analysis version 2 was used for meta-analysis.Results. Difference in means and significances from meta-analyses regarding weight control by adjunctive treatments showed that topiramate, aripiprazole, or sibutramine was more effective than metformin or reboxetine. Psychiatric evaluations did not show statistically significant changes between treatment groups and placebo groups except topiramate adjunctive treatments. Adverse effects regarding adjunctive therapies were tolerable and showed statistically no significances compared to control groups.Conclusion. Though having several reports related to exacerbation of psychiatric symptoms, topiramate and aripiprazole are more efficacious than other medications in regard to weight reduction and less burden of critical adverse effects as well as being beneficial for clinical improvement.

scholarly journals Efficacy of krill oil versus fish oil on obesity-related parameters and lipid gene expression in rats: randomized controlled study

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12009
Author(s):  
Mevra Aydin Cil ◽  
Atena Ghosi Ghareaghaji ◽  
Yasin Bayir ◽  
Zehra Buyuktuncer ◽  
Halit Tanju Besler
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Krill Oil ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity ◽  
Gene Expression Levels

Backround This study aimed to determine the effects of LC n-3 PUFA supplementation on the prevention and treatment of obesity and obesity-related diseases, and to compare the efficiency of different LC n-3 PUFA sources via biochemical and genetic mechanisms in rats. Methods Male Wistar rats were randomized into four study groups, and fed with a standard diet, High Fat Diet (HFD), HFD+%2.5 Fish Oil (FO-HFD) or HFD+%2.5 Krill Oil (KO-HFD) for eight weeks. Food consumption, weight gain, serum glucose, insulin, ghrelin and leptin concentrations, lipid profile, liver fatty acid composition, and FADS1 and FADS2 mRNA gene expression levels were measured. Results Weight gain in each HFD group was significantly higher than control group (p < 0.001), without any differences among them (p < 0.05). LC n-3 PUFAs modified lipid profile, but not glucose tolerance. Serum leptin levels were significantly higher in HFD groups than in the control group, however, no difference in serum ghrelin levels was observed among the groups. Liver n-3 fatty acid desaturation activity was higher (p = 0.74), and liver total lipid content was lower (p = 0.86) in KO-HFD compared to FO-HFD. FADS1 gene expression was highest in the HFD group (p < 0.001) while FADS2 gene expression was highest in the FO-HFD group (p < 0.001). Conclusion LC n-3 PUFAs, especially krill oil, had moderate effects on lipid profile, but limited effects on obesity related parameters, suggesting different effects of different sources on gene expression levels. Further randomized controlled trials are needed to determine the efficacy of different LC n-3 PUFA sources in the prevention and treatment of obesity in humans.

scholarly journals Metformin in prevention and treatment of antipsychotic induced weight gain: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Varuni Asanka de Silva ◽  
Chathurie Suraweera ◽  
Suhashini S. Ratnatunga ◽  
Madhubashinee Dayabandara ◽  
Nimali Wanniarachchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

Behavioral Weight Control for Obese Adolescents: Preliminary Findings and Future Considerations

1978 ◽  
Vol 42 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1233-1234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanford E. Geller
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Adolescent Boys ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Weight Reduction Program ◽  
Behavioral Techniques ◽  
Reduction Program

Two adolescent boys with histories of rapidly increasing obesity participated in a behavioral weight-reduction program. The multi-dimensional treatment included those behavioral techniques most'often shown to be effective in treating obese adults. While the program was not effective in reversing their increase in obesity, it was successful in reducing the rate of weight gain. During treatment both subjects' average monthly weight gain was reduced relative to baseline averages and lower than the rate expected for children this age. A 16-wk. follow-up showed a return to pretreatment patterns of weight gain. Directions for research with such people are discussed.

scholarly journals Does dieting make you fat?

2004 ◽  
Vol 92 (S1) ◽  
pp. S15-S18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Dietary Restraint ◽  
Restrained Eaters ◽  
Prospective Data ◽  
Metabolic Adaptations ◽  
Disinhibited Eating ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity

Dieting Makes You Fat, the title of a 1980s book on weight control, is a popularised paradox, conveying a conclusion that is consistent with personal experience and the reported failure of most dietary approaches in the treatment of obesity. Few studies have been designed specifically to test this association. Yet there are prospective data showing that baseline dieting or dietary restraint increases the risk of weight gain, especially in women. Metabolic adaptations and the disinhibited eating of restrained eaters have been the most commonly cited explanations for such weight gain. Dietary restraint has also been implicated in the development and persistence of binge eating. The present paper critically evaluates the evidence supporting this paradox and reaches a rather different conclusion.

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