scholarly journals Mesozoic Coleopteran Faunas from Argentina: Geological Context, Diversity, Taphonomic Observations, and Comparison with Other Fossil Insect Records

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Belén Lara ◽  
Oscar Florencio Gallego ◽  
Lara Vaz Tassi
Keyword(s):  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Middle Triassic ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Animal Kingdom ◽  
Fossil Insect ◽  
San Luis ◽  
Fundamental Information ◽  
The World ◽  
Geological Units ◽  
Deseado Massif

The order Coleoptera is the most diversified group of the Class Insecta and is the largest group of the Animal Kingdom. This contribution reviews the Mesozoic insects and especially the coleopteran records from Argentina, based on bibliographical and unpublished materials (86 described species, 526 collected specimens). The material came from different geological units from the late Middle Triassic to the Late Triassic (Bermejo, Cuyo, and Malargüe basins) to the Middle-Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous (Deseado Massif, Cañadón Asfalto, and San Luís Basin). The coleopteran record is composed of 29 described species with 262 collected specimens (isolated elytra) mainly represented by Triassic species and only four specimens recorded in Jurassic units, all of them currently unpublished. These fossil coleopterans provide fundamental information about the evolution of insects in the Southern Hemisphere and confirm the Triassic Argentinean insect deposits to be among the most important in the world.

Chronology of Tectonic Movement of Cratonic Basin: Insight from New Evidences from Ordos Basin, North China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dengfa He
Keyword(s):  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Middle Triassic ◽  
Ordos Basin ◽  
Late Ordovician ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Tectonic Movement ◽  
The Ordos Basin ◽  
Middle Proterozoic ◽  
Cratonic Basin

<p>Craton is the stable unit of the lithosphere. The cratonic basin is thus the sedimentary basin developed upon craton. It has long been recognized as a kind of basin characterized by minor tectonic deformation and stable architecture. With the increasing evidences in the recent years, it is noticed that it has much more mobility, and is controlled not only by the lithospheric plate movements but also by the deep mantle activation. To explore the mobile behaviour of cratonic basin is an important window to address the intra-continental deformation mechanism. Taking the Ordos basin as an example, based on the new deep boreholes, the high-resolution seismic reflection profiles, cores, and the outcrops around the basin, the paper establishes the chronology of tectonic movement around the Ordos basin utilizing the integrated method of the isotopic dating, the bio-stratigraphy, and the sequence stratigraphy. It shows that, the basin developed the ten regional unconformities, underwent multi-period volcanic activities during the Middle Proterozoic, the late Early Paleozoic, the Late Triassic, and the Early Cretaceous. It was subjected to multi-stage compression, such as the Late Ordovician to Devonian, the Late Triassic, the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous, and the Neogene to Quaternary. Upon the crystalline basement of the Archaean and the Lower Proterozoic, the basin underwent five distinct extension-compression cycles, such as the extension in middle Proterozoic and compression in late Proterozoic, the extension in Cambrian to early Ordovician and compression in late Ordovician to Devonian, the extension in Carboniferous to middle Triassic and compression in late Triassic, the extension in early to middle Triassic and compression in late Jurassic to Cretaceous, and the extension in Paleogene and compression in Neogene to Quaternary, with a charter of a much longer period of the earlier cycle and a shorter period of the later cycle, and a longer period of extension and a shorter period of contraction in each cycle. The extension-compression cycle controlled the formation and evolution of the Ordos oil and gas super basin.</p>

scholarly journals Neopterygian phylogeny: the merger assay

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 172337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana López-Arbarello ◽  
Emilia Sferco
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Middle Triassic ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Phylogenetic Hypothesis ◽  
Monophyletic Clade ◽  
Crown Group ◽  
Rapid Radiation ◽  
Cladistic Analyses

The phylogenetic relationships of the recently described genus † Ticinolepis from the Middle Triassic of the Monte San Giorgio are explored through cladistic analyses of the so far largest morphological dataset for fossil actinopterygians, including representatives of the crown-neopterygian clades Halecomorphi, Ginglymodi and Teleostei, and merging the characters from previously published systematic studies together with newly proposed characters. † Ticinolepis is retrieved as the most basal Ginglymodi and our results support the monophyly of Teleostei and Holostei, as well as Halecomorphi and Ginglymodi within the latter clade. The patterns of relationships within these clades mostly agree with those of previous studies, although a few important differences require future research. According to our results, ionoscopiforms are not monophyletic, caturids are not amiiforms and leptolepids and luisiellids form a monophyletic clade. Our phylogenetic hypothesis confirms the rapid radiation of the holostean clades Halecomorphi and Ginglymodi during the Early and Middle Triassic and the radiation of pholidophoriform teleosts during the Late Triassic. Crown-group Halecomorphi have an enormous ghost lineage throughout half of the Mesozoic, but ginglymodians and teleosts show a second radiation during the Early Jurassic. The crown-groups of Halecomorphi, Ginglymodi and Teleostei originated within parallel events of radiation during the Late Jurassic.

A new species of spongiphorine earwig in Miocene amber from the Dominican Republic (Dermaptera: Spongiphoridae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 560-565
Author(s):  
MICHAEL S. ENGEL
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Crown Group ◽  
Rich Variety ◽  
Extant Species ◽  
The World ◽  
Early Neogene ◽  
A New Species

Earwigs (Dermaptera) are an often-ignored group of polyneopteran insects, with nearly 2000 extant species distributed throughout the world (Grimaldi & Engel, 2005; Stork, 2018). All of the modern diversity belongs to the suborder Neodermaptera, a clade that first definitively appears in the Early Cretaceous (Engel et al., 2011; Wolfe et al., 2016), but likely diverged in the Late Jurassic, although there is a rich gradation of earlier earwig variety extending back to at least the Late Triassic (Kelly et al., 2017). The earlier-diverging lineages (such as Archidermaptera, Eodermaptera, and Turanodermaptera [Turanodermatidae]) lack some of the otherwise characteristic synapomorphies of crown-group Dermaptera, such as loss of ocelli, loss of tegminal venation, or reduction of the ovipositor (Grimaldi & Engel, 2005). While there is a rich variety of forms and morphological disparity among fossil Dermaptera, their record compared to other orders remains comparatively meagre. Given this overall scarcity in the fossil record, there is nonetheless a decent variety of lineages documented from various Cenozoic deposits (Wappler et al., 2005). A fairly large number of taxa have been described from Palaeogene and early Neogene impressions (e.g., Heer, 1865; Zhang, 1989; Zhang et al., 1994; Chatzimanolis & Engel, 2010), although the precise systematic placement of many are challenging to confirm given the nature of their preservation and the characters widely needed to properly assign earwigs. Those species preserved as amber inclusions offer a wider breadth of characters from which to ascertain affinities, and earwigs have been previously described from Oise, Baltic, Dominican, and Mexican ambers (Burr, 1911a; Nel et al., 2003; Ross & Engel, 2013; Engel, 2016, 2017).

scholarly journals A review of Palaeozoic and Mesozoic tetrapods from Greenland

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 21-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Marzola ◽  
Octávio Mateus ◽  
Jesper Milàn ◽  
Lars B. Clemmensen
Keyword(s):  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Early Jurassic ◽  
Late Carboniferous ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Late Devonian ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
Shallow Marine ◽  
East Greenland ◽  
Marine Deposits ◽  
Theropod Dinosaurs

This article presents a synthesis of Palaeozoic and Mesozoic fossil tetrapods from Greenland, including an updated review of the holotypes and a new photographic record of the main specimens. All fossil tetrapods found are from East Greenland, with at least 30 different known taxa: five stem tetrapods (Acanthostega gunnari, Ichthyostega eigili, I. stensioi, I. watsoni, and Ymeria denticulata) from the Late Devonian of the Aina Dal and Britta Dal Formations; four temnospondyl amphibians (Aquiloniferus kochi, Selenocara groenlandica, Stoschiosaurus nielseni, and Tupilakosaurus heilmani) from the Early Triassic of the Wordie Creek Group; two temnospondyls (Cyclotosaurus naraserluki and Gerrothorax cf. pulcherrimus), one testudinatan (cf. Proganochelys), two stagonolepids (Aetosaurus ferratus and Paratypothorax andressorum), the eudimorphodontid Arcticodactylus, undetermined archosaurs (phytosaurs and both sauropodomorph and theropod dinosaurs), the cynodont Mitredon cromptoni, and three mammals (Haramiyavia clemmenseni, Kuehneotherium, and cf. ?Brachyzostrodon), from the Late Triassic of the Fleming Fjord Formation; one plesiosaur from the Early Jurassic of the Kap Stewart Formation; one plesiosaur and one ichthyosaur from the Late Jurassic of the Kap Leslie Formation, plus a previously unreported Late Jurassic plesiosaur from Kronprins Christian Land. Moreover, fossil tetrapod trackways are known from the Late Carboniferous (morphotype Limnopus) of the Mesters Vig Formation and at least four different morphologies (such as the crocodylomorph Brachychirotherium, the auropodomorph Eosauropus and Evazoum, and the theropodian Grallator) associated to archosaurian trackmakers are known from the Late Triassic of the Fleming Fjord Formation. The presence of rich fossiliferous tetrapod sites in East Greenland is linked to the presence of well-exposed continental and shallow marine deposits with most finds in terrestrial deposits from the Late Devonian and the Late Triassic.

scholarly journals Antonio Cabrera. Una vida dedicada a las letras, los libros y la edición (1847-1925) / Antonio Cabrera. A life devoted to literature, books and publishing (1847-1925)

2017 ◽  
pp. 67-83
Author(s):  
José Pablo Zamora Vázquez
Keyword(s):  
History Of The Book ◽  
San Luis ◽  
San Luis Potosi ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
Printed Word ◽  
San Luis Potosí

Resumen. Este trabajo ofrece una aproximación a una de las figuras más importantes en el mundo de la edición y las letras del San Luis Potosí de finales del siglo xix e inicios del xx: Antonio Cabrera. De esta forma, es por medio de Cabrera que se realiza un acercamiento al mundo del libro, las publicaciones periódicas, la edición y las letras de su tiempo y contexto, en particular el local y el regional; esto no sólo nos permitirá conocer algunas facetas de su quehacer, sino comprender y sopesar el impacto que tuvo su labor. Abstract. This paper provides a biographical summary of Antonio Cabrera, one of the leading booksellers, publishers, and men of letters of San Luis Potosí in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.At the same time, these biographical notes provide some hints about the history of the book at the local and regional levels, which help us explain the work of Cabrera in the immediate context of the world of books and the printed word.

Global carbon isotope signal in the Middle Triassic on Svalbard

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria S. Engelschiøn ◽  
Øyvind Hammer ◽  
Fredrik Wesenlund ◽  
Jørn H. Hurum ◽  
Atle Mørk
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Isotope ◽  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Middle Triassic ◽  
Barents Sea ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Sedimentary Environment ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Triassic Boundary ◽  
Thin Sections

<p>Several carbon isotope curves were recently published for the Early and Middle Triassic in Tethys. Recent work has also been done on the Early Triassic of Svalbard, but not yet for the Middle Triassic. This work is the first to measure δ<sup>13</sup>C for different Middle Triassic localities on Svalbard, which was then part of the Boreal Ocean on northern Pangea. Our aim is to understand the controls on the Svalbard carbon isotope curve and to place them in a global setting.</p><p>Correlating Triassic rocks around the world is interesting for several reasons. The Triassic Period was a tumultuous time for life, and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard has shown to be an important locality to understand the early radiation of marine vertebrates in the Triassic. Much effort is also made to understand the development of the Barents Sea through Svalbard’s geology.</p><p>Carbon isotope curves are controlled by depositional environment and global fluctuations. Global factors such as the carbon cycle control the long-term carbon isotopic compositions, while short-term fluctuations may reflect the origin of organic materials in the sediment (e.g. algal or terrestrial matter), stratification of the water column, and/or surface water productivity. Carbon isotopes can therefore be useful to understand the depositional environment and to correlate time-equivalent rocks globally.</p><p>The dataset was collected through three seasons of fieldwork in Svalbard with localities from the islands Spitsbergen, Edgeøya and Bjørnøya. Detailed stratigraphic sampling has resulted in high-resolution δ<sup>13</sup>C curves. These show three strong transitions; 1) on the boundary between the Early and Middle Triassic, 2) in the middle of the formation and 3) at the Middle and Late Triassic boundary. Several Tethyan localities show a possibly similar Early-Middle Triassic signal. Current work in progress is sedimentological analysis by thin sections and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) to further understand the sedimentary environment.</p>

Mesodiphthera Tillyard, 1919, from the Late Triassic of Queensland, the oldest cicada (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha: Cicadoidea: Tettigarctidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4567 (2) ◽  
pp. 358 ◽  
Author(s):  
KEVIN J. LAMBKIN
Keyword(s):  
Basal Cell ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Nodal Line ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Fossil Insect ◽  
The Family ◽  
New Material ◽  
Cross Vein

New specimens of its type species from the Queensland Late Triassic (Norian) (~227–~208.5 Ma) fossil insect locality at Dinmore have revealed that the old and obscure Late Triassic genus Mesodiphthera Tillyard, 1919, from nearby Denmark Hill, is a tettigarctid cicada, the earliest record of the family and the oldest cicada. The genus is distinguished by the combined presence of three characters: the primary forks of R and M at about the same level, midway between the basal cell and the nodal line; RA2 with four or five terminal branches; and the inter-medial cross-vein backwardly inclined, running between M2 and M3. Of the three species originally ascribed to Mesodiphthera by Tillyard, only its type, M. grandis Tillyard, 1919, is retained in the genus. The other two species differ significantly from the type and are transferred to Tardilly gen. nov., which is similar to Mesodiphthera in the more or less aligned primary forks of R and M placed at about midway between the basal cell and the nodal line, and the backwardly inclined inter-medial cross-vein which runs between M2 and M3. It differs, however, in its smaller size, broader costal space, three-branched M3+4, and differently shaped CuA and CuA2. The new material, all of which is of M. grandis, provides a complete picture of the shape, colour and venation of its tegmen, whereas Tardilly prosboloides (Tillyard) comb. nov., 1922 and Tardilly dunstani (Tillyard) comb. nov., 1922 are still known only from their poorly preserved type specimens. Mesodiphthera and Tardilly exhibit a number of presumed plesiomorphies, viz the costal space much wider than the CuA cell, the basal cell strongly narrowed apically, and the post-nodal cross-vein series closer to the nodal line than the apex, which place it in the probable paraphyletic subfamily Cicadoprosbolinae. A more informed assessment of their relationships, however, must await a comprehensive analysis of the now 29 fossil genera of the family. The Tettigarctidae were the only cicadas of the Mesozoic and the discovery in the Triassic of Australia of Mesodiphthera and Tardilly clearly distinct from the 24 previously known Mesozoic genera, further demonstrates the family’s high degree of structural diversity, and emphasises its almost world-wide distribution in that Era. 

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